Piramerd
Encyclopedia
Tawfeq Mahmoud Hamza or Piramerd, (Pîremêrd in Kurdish
), (1867-1950), was a Kurdish
poet , writer, novelist and journalist. He was born in the Gwêje neighborhood of Sulaimaniya city in Iraq
. In 1926, he became the editor of the Kurdish newspaper Jîyan. He is also credited for the establishment of the first private Kurdish school in Kurdistan called Partukxane i Zanistî (Scientific School).
and Islamic Fiqh
in Sulaimaniya, and Baneh
in Iran
. From 1882 to 1895, he worked as an employee for different local government offices in Sulaimaniya, Halabja
, Sharbazher (Şarbajêr). In 1898, he was invited by the Ottoman
Sultan Abd-ul-Hamid II to Istanbul
where he stayed for one year. Then he went to Hajj
pilgrimage and he was also given the title of Bey
by the Sultan. After this, his title became Haji Tawfeq Bey. He met Wafaei
, Kurdish poet, during the pilgrimage. In 1899, he was appointed as a member of the High Majlis of Istanbul. Within the same period, he was admitted to the faculty of law
in Istanbul
. In 1907, he became a member of the Kurdish organization Komela Kurd in Istanbul. From 1909 to 1923, he served as the governor of several districts in Turkey
and Kurdistan, among them Hakkari
, Qeremursil, Balawa, Beytüşşebap
(in Şırnak Province
), Gumuskoy, Adapazarı
and Amasya
. In 1925, he returned to Sulaimaniya via Baghdad
. In 1926, he became the editor of the Kurdish
newspaper Jîyan and in 1932 he was promoted to the post of Manager. In 1938, he changed the name of the newspaper to Jîn, and continued publishing it until 1950. He is also credited for the establishment of the first private Kurdish school in Kurdistan called Qutabxaney Zanistî (Scientific School).
Kurdish language
Kurdish is a dialect continuum spoken by the Kurds in western Asia. It is part of the Iranian branch of the Indo-Iranian group of Indo-European languages....
), (1867-1950), was a Kurdish
Kurdish people
The Kurdish people, or Kurds , are an Iranian people native to the Middle East, mostly inhabiting a region known as Kurdistan, which includes adjacent parts of Iran, Iraq, Syria, and Turkey...
poet , writer, novelist and journalist. He was born in the Gwêje neighborhood of Sulaimaniya city in Iraq
Iraq
Iraq ; officially the Republic of Iraq is a country in Western Asia spanning most of the northwestern end of the Zagros mountain range, the eastern part of the Syrian Desert and the northern part of the Arabian Desert....
. In 1926, he became the editor of the Kurdish newspaper Jîyan. He is also credited for the establishment of the first private Kurdish school in Kurdistan called Partukxane i Zanistî (Scientific School).
Life
He studied ArabicArabic language
Arabic is a name applied to the descendants of the Classical Arabic language of the 6th century AD, used most prominently in the Quran, the Islamic Holy Book...
and Islamic Fiqh
Fiqh
Fiqh is Islamic jurisprudence. Fiqh is an expansion of the code of conduct expounded in the Quran, often supplemented by tradition and implemented by the rulings and interpretations of Islamic jurists....
in Sulaimaniya, and Baneh
Baneh
Baneh is a city in and capital of Baneh County, Kurdistan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 69,635, in 15,857 families....
in Iran
Iran
Iran , officially the Islamic Republic of Iran , is a country in Southern and Western Asia. The name "Iran" has been in use natively since the Sassanian era and came into use internationally in 1935, before which the country was known to the Western world as Persia...
. From 1882 to 1895, he worked as an employee for different local government offices in Sulaimaniya, Halabja
Halabja
Halabja , is a Kurdish town in Northern Iraq, located about north-east of Baghdad and 8–10 miles from the Iranian border....
, Sharbazher (Şarbajêr). In 1898, he was invited by the Ottoman
Ottoman Empire
The Ottoman EmpireIt was usually referred to as the "Ottoman Empire", the "Turkish Empire", the "Ottoman Caliphate" or more commonly "Turkey" by its contemporaries...
Sultan Abd-ul-Hamid II to Istanbul
Istanbul
Istanbul , historically known as Byzantium and Constantinople , is the largest city of Turkey. Istanbul metropolitan province had 13.26 million people living in it as of December, 2010, which is 18% of Turkey's population and the 3rd largest metropolitan area in Europe after London and...
where he stayed for one year. Then he went to Hajj
Hajj
The Hajj is the pilgrimage to Mecca, Saudi Arabia. It is one of the largest pilgrimages in the world, and is the fifth pillar of Islam, a religious duty that must be carried out at least once in their lifetime by every able-bodied Muslim who can afford to do so...
pilgrimage and he was also given the title of Bey
Bey
Bey is a title for chieftain, traditionally applied to the leaders of small tribal groups. Accoding to some sources, the word "Bey" is of Turkish language In historical accounts, many Turkish, other Turkic and Persian leaders are titled Bey, Beg, Bek, Bay, Baig or Beigh. They are all the same word...
by the Sultan. After this, his title became Haji Tawfeq Bey. He met Wafaei
Wafaei
Wafaei or Wefayî, , was a Kurdish poet. His real name was Abdorrahim. He was born in Mahabad in present-day north-western Iran. He finished religious studies in Mahabad and became a cleric, and a teacher in the local school. He moved to Sulaimaniya in 1900 and stayed there for a while. He travelled...
, Kurdish poet, during the pilgrimage. In 1899, he was appointed as a member of the High Majlis of Istanbul. Within the same period, he was admitted to the faculty of law
Law
Law is a system of rules and guidelines which are enforced through social institutions to govern behavior, wherever possible. It shapes politics, economics and society in numerous ways and serves as a social mediator of relations between people. Contract law regulates everything from buying a bus...
in Istanbul
Istanbul
Istanbul , historically known as Byzantium and Constantinople , is the largest city of Turkey. Istanbul metropolitan province had 13.26 million people living in it as of December, 2010, which is 18% of Turkey's population and the 3rd largest metropolitan area in Europe after London and...
. In 1907, he became a member of the Kurdish organization Komela Kurd in Istanbul. From 1909 to 1923, he served as the governor of several districts in Turkey
Turkey
Turkey , known officially as the Republic of Turkey , is a Eurasian country located in Western Asia and in East Thrace in Southeastern Europe...
and Kurdistan, among them Hakkari
Hakkari
Hakkâri , is a city and the capital of the Hakkâri Province of Turkey. The name Hakkâri is derived from the Syriac word, Akkare, meaning farmers...
, Qeremursil, Balawa, Beytüşşebap
Beytüssebap
Beytüşşebap is a district of Şırnak Province of Turkey....
(in Şırnak Province
Şırnak Province
The Şırnak Province is a Turkish province in southeastern Anatolia. It has a population of 430,109 . The population was 353,197 in 2000....
), Gumuskoy, Adapazarı
Adapazari
Adapazarı is a city in northwestern Turkey and the capital of Sakarya Province. The province itself was originally named Adapazarı as well. Adapazarı is a part of the densely populated region of the country, known as the Marmara Region. As of 2010, the city has a population of 560,876 ...
and Amasya
Amasya
- History :Its location in this steep valley makes the city a mountain stronghold, easy to defend, and thus Amasya has had a long and prominent history.-Antiquity:...
. In 1925, he returned to Sulaimaniya via Baghdad
Baghdad
Baghdad is the capital of Iraq, as well as the coterminous Baghdad Governorate. The population of Baghdad in 2011 is approximately 7,216,040...
. In 1926, he became the editor of the Kurdish
Kurdish language
Kurdish is a dialect continuum spoken by the Kurds in western Asia. It is part of the Iranian branch of the Indo-Iranian group of Indo-European languages....
newspaper Jîyan and in 1932 he was promoted to the post of Manager. In 1938, he changed the name of the newspaper to Jîn, and continued publishing it until 1950. He is also credited for the establishment of the first private Kurdish school in Kurdistan called Qutabxaney Zanistî (Scientific School).
Literary works
- Editing and Translation of Poems of Mawlawi Kurd from Hawrami dialect to SoraniSoranîSoranî is the name of a Kurdish language that is spoken in Iran and Iraq. Soranî is one of the main Kurdish languages, which are a branch of the Iranian languages.- Name :...
, 1935. - The Tragedy of Mam and Zin, Play, 1935. (This book is different from the well-known work of Ahmad Khani)
- The Story of the Twelve Knights of Mariwan, 1935.
- The Story of Mahmoud Agha Shiwakal, 1942.
- Galte û Gep, A collection of Kurdish Folklore, 1947.
- Kemançejen, Translation of a novel from Turkish, 1942.
- Editing of the collection of poems of Mawlana Khalid Naqshbandi(The Kurdish sufi).
- Editing and Translation of Poems of Besarani from Hawrami dialect to SoraniSoranîSoranî is the name of a Kurdish language that is spoken in Iran and Iraq. Soranî is one of the main Kurdish languages, which are a branch of the Iranian languages.- Name :...
. - Articles about Kurdish history, the history of Baban principality and Jaf tribes.
- Collection of Poems
- Encamî Pîyawî Bengkêş (The fate of an addict), short story, Gelawêj Journal, 1941.
- Zoremilî Milşikanî le dûwaye (Aggression leads to defeat), short story, Gelawêj Journal, 1942.
- Felsefey Kiçe Kurdêk (The philosophy of a Kurdish girl), short story, Gelawêj Journal, 1942.
- Xiramî, Kay kon, short story, Jîyan newspaper, no.483, 1936.