Pierre Aycelin de Montaigut
Encyclopedia
Pierre Aycelin de Montaigut or Montaigu, Montagu, known as Cardinal de Laon, born between 1320 and 1325 and died 8 November 1388, was a fourteenth-century French
cardinal, who was bishop of the Diocese of Laon
from 1371 to 1386, advisor to the king of Charles V
and peer
of France.
He took part in the Council of King Charles V, acting as regent during the minority of King Charles VI who ascended to the throne after his uncle's death. He was known then as one of the marmousets
. His authopsy proved that he was poisoned on 8 November 1388, being buried in the abbey church of the priory
of Saint-Martin-des-Champs in Paris
.
who owned land near Billom
, acquired in 1295 by the house of Aycelin. The last representative, who also owned the manor of Châteldon
(Puy Dome), died in 1427. The coat-of-arms of this house was of sand, three golden torn Lyon langued gules.
Brother of Cardinal Gilles Aycelin de Montaigu
, bishop of Thérouanne
and Lord Chancellor of France in 1357-1358 and again in 1361, his mother Mascaronne de La Tour d'Auvergne was the aunt of Guy de La Tour d'Auvergne, Lord of Olliergues, who married Martha Roger de Beaufort. She was the niece of Pope Clement VI, and his brother was Pope Gregory XI.
. He was a Benedictine
monk and prior
of the abbey of Saint-Martin des Champs. In 1359 he became chancellor to Jean de Berry
, son of the King of France Jean II, le Bon
. In 1361 he was appointed Bishop of Nevers
, succeeding Renaud II de Moulins. In 1368 he became ambassador
to King Charles V with Pope Urban V
. On 8 January 1371 he was promoted to bishop-duke of Laon by Pope Gregory XI
.
In 1379 he played a role in the support given by France to the antipope Clement VII. In 1383 he tried to bring the county of Flanders
, under the authority of the papacy, to Avignon. Pierre Aycelin Montaigut is ordered cardinal by the antipope Clement VII in the conclave of 23 December 1383. In 1385, he gave up his position as bishop of Laon. On 15 January 1388 the abbot of Saint-Denis, Guy de Monceau, accept the arbitration of the cardinal of Laon in the proceedings against the Bishop of Paris, locked in the prison of the abbey.
On 1 November 1388 Charles VI attended the All Saints' Day mass
in Reims. He stopped in Champagne
after returning from an expedition against the Duke of Guelders
, an ally of the English. On November 3, a large meeting of the council was held in the episcopal palace of Reims. The cardinal of Laon, Peirre Aycelin Montaigut, former advisor to Charles V, was the one to take the matter to the table. After him, the archbishop
of Reims and his warlord
s decided that the young ruler was capable of govering France.
France
The French Republic , The French Republic , The French Republic , (commonly known as France , is a unitary semi-presidential republic in Western Europe with several overseas territories and islands located on other continents and in the Indian, Pacific, and Atlantic oceans. Metropolitan France...
cardinal, who was bishop of the Diocese of Laon
Ancient diocese of Laon
The diocese of Laon in the present-day département of Aisne, was a Catholic diocese for around 1300 years, up to the French Revolution. Its seat was in Laon, France, with the Laon Cathedral. From early in the 13th century, the bishop of Laon was a Pair de France, among the elite.-History:The...
from 1371 to 1386, advisor to the king of Charles V
Charles V of France
Charles V , called the Wise, was King of France from 1364 to his death in 1380 and a member of the House of Valois...
and peer
Peerage of France
The Peerage of France was a distinction within the French nobility which appeared in the Middle Ages. It was abolished in 1789 during the French Revolution, but it reappeared in 1814 at the time of the Bourbon Restoration which followed the fall of the First French Empire...
of France.
He took part in the Council of King Charles V, acting as regent during the minority of King Charles VI who ascended to the throne after his uncle's death. He was known then as one of the marmousets
Marmousets
The marmousets were counselors to Charles VI of France. Although they were neither princes nor civil servants, they were simply very close to the king. Thanks to this position, they were able to access the highest functions of the state...
. His authopsy proved that he was poisoned on 8 November 1388, being buried in the abbey church of the priory
Priory
A priory is a house of men or women under religious vows that is headed by a prior or prioress. Priories may be houses of mendicant friars or religious sisters , or monasteries of monks or nuns .The Benedictines and their offshoots , the Premonstratensians, and the...
of Saint-Martin-des-Champs in Paris
Paris
Paris is the capital and largest city in France, situated on the river Seine, in northern France, at the heart of the Île-de-France region...
.
Family
Pierre Aycelin de Montaigut descended from a family of minor nobility originally from AuvergneAuvergne (province)
Auvergne was a historic province in south central France. It was originally the feudal domain of the Counts of Auvergne. It is now the geographical and cultural area that corresponds to the former province....
who owned land near Billom
Billom
Billom is a commune in the Puy-de-Dôme department in Auvergne in central France.-People:It was the birthplace of philosopher Georges Bataille.Hugh Aycelin was a French Cardinal.-References:*...
, acquired in 1295 by the house of Aycelin. The last representative, who also owned the manor of Châteldon
Châteldon
Châteldon is a commune in the Puy-de-Dôme department in Auvergne in central France.-About the town:Châteldon is a medieval village in the northern part of Auvergne. It dates from the early Middle Ages, with many of its buildings dating back to the 14th century...
(Puy Dome), died in 1427. The coat-of-arms of this house was of sand, three golden torn Lyon langued gules.
Brother of Cardinal Gilles Aycelin de Montaigu
Gilles Aycelin de Montaigu
Gilles Aycelin de Montaigu or Montaigut, Montagu, was a French religious and diplomat who became Lord Chancellor of France, Cardinal from 1361 and bishop of Frascati from 1368. He was the chief negotiator for Jean II of France with the English, in the aftermath of the battle of Poitiers. Towards...
, bishop of Thérouanne
Thérouanne
Thérouanne is a commune in the Pas-de-Calais department in the Nord-Pas-de-Calais region of France.-Geography:Thérouanne is located 10 miles southwest of Saint-Omer, on the D157 and D341 road junction.-Population:-History:...
and Lord Chancellor of France in 1357-1358 and again in 1361, his mother Mascaronne de La Tour d'Auvergne was the aunt of Guy de La Tour d'Auvergne, Lord of Olliergues, who married Martha Roger de Beaufort. She was the niece of Pope Clement VI, and his brother was Pope Gregory XI.
Religious
Like his uncle, Pierre Aycelin Montaigut was a doctor of canon lawCanon law
Canon law is the body of laws & regulations made or adopted by ecclesiastical authority, for the government of the Christian organization and its members. It is the internal ecclesiastical law governing the Catholic Church , the Eastern and Oriental Orthodox churches, and the Anglican Communion of...
. He was a Benedictine
Benedictine
Benedictine refers to the spirituality and consecrated life in accordance with the Rule of St Benedict, written by Benedict of Nursia in the sixth century for the cenobitic communities he founded in central Italy. The most notable of these is Monte Cassino, the first monastery founded by Benedict...
monk and prior
Prior
Prior is an ecclesiastical title, derived from the Latin adjective for 'earlier, first', with several notable uses.-Monastic superiors:A Prior is a monastic superior, usually lower in rank than an Abbot. In the Rule of St...
of the abbey of Saint-Martin des Champs. In 1359 he became chancellor to Jean de Berry
John, Duke of Berry
John of Valois or John the Magnificent was Duke of Berry and Auvergne and Count of Poitiers and Montpensier. He was the third son of King John II of France and Bonne of Luxemburg; his brothers were King Charles V of France, Duke Louis I of Anjou and Duke Philip the Bold of Burgundy...
, son of the King of France Jean II, le Bon
John II of France
John II , called John the Good , was the King of France from 1350 until his death. He was the second sovereign of the House of Valois and is perhaps best remembered as the king who was vanquished at the Battle of Poitiers and taken as a captive to England.The son of Philip VI and Joan the Lame,...
. In 1361 he was appointed Bishop of Nevers
Roman Catholic Diocese of Nevers
The Roman Catholic Diocese of Nevers, is a diocese of the Latin Rite of the Roman Catholic church in France. The diocese comprises the department of Nièvre, in the Region of Bourgogne....
, succeeding Renaud II de Moulins. In 1368 he became ambassador
Ambassador
An ambassador is the highest ranking diplomat who represents a nation and is usually accredited to a foreign sovereign or government, or to an international organization....
to King Charles V with Pope Urban V
Pope Urban V
Pope Urban V , born Guillaume Grimoard, was Pope from 1362 to 1370.-Biography:Grimoard was a native of Grizac in Languedoc . He became a Benedictine and a doctor in Canon Law, teaching at Montpellier and Avignon...
. On 8 January 1371 he was promoted to bishop-duke of Laon by Pope Gregory XI
Pope Gregory XI
Gregory XI was pope from 1370 until his death.-Biography:He was born Pierre Roger de Beaufort, in Maumont, in the modern commune of Rosiers-d'Égletons, Limousin around 1336. He succeeded Pope Urban V in 1370, and was pope until 1378...
.
In 1379 he played a role in the support given by France to the antipope Clement VII. In 1383 he tried to bring the county of Flanders
Flanders
Flanders is the community of the Flemings but also one of the institutions in Belgium, and a geographical region located in parts of present-day Belgium, France and the Netherlands. "Flanders" can also refer to the northern part of Belgium that contains Brussels, Bruges, Ghent and Antwerp...
, under the authority of the papacy, to Avignon. Pierre Aycelin Montaigut is ordered cardinal by the antipope Clement VII in the conclave of 23 December 1383. In 1385, he gave up his position as bishop of Laon. On 15 January 1388 the abbot of Saint-Denis, Guy de Monceau, accept the arbitration of the cardinal of Laon in the proceedings against the Bishop of Paris, locked in the prison of the abbey.
On 1 November 1388 Charles VI attended the All Saints' Day mass
All Saints
All Saints' Day , often shortened to All Saints, is a solemnity celebrated on 1 November by parts of Western Christianity, and on the first Sunday after Pentecost in Eastern Christianity, in honour of all the saints, known and unknown...
in Reims. He stopped in Champagne
Champagne
-Wine:* Champagne , a sparkling wine from the Champagne region of France* Champagne , a wine region in France notable for producing the sparkling wine* Grower Champagne, sparkling wine made from small individual growers...
after returning from an expedition against the Duke of Guelders
Guelders
Guelders or Gueldres is the name of a historical county, later duchy of the Holy Roman Empire, located in the Low Countries.-Geography:...
, an ally of the English. On November 3, a large meeting of the council was held in the episcopal palace of Reims. The cardinal of Laon, Peirre Aycelin Montaigut, former advisor to Charles V, was the one to take the matter to the table. After him, the archbishop
Archbishop
An archbishop is a bishop of higher rank, but not of higher sacramental order above that of the three orders of deacon, priest , and bishop...
of Reims and his warlord
Warlord
A warlord is a person with power who has both military and civil control over a subnational area due to armed forces loyal to the warlord and not to a central authority. The term can also mean one who espouses the ideal that war is necessary, and has the means and authority to engage in war...
s decided that the young ruler was capable of govering France.