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John II (16 April 1319 in Le Mans
Le Mans

Le Mans is a commune in France in France, located on the Sarthe River. Traditionally the capital of the province of Maine , it is now the pr?fecture of the Sarthe D?partement in France, and is furthermore the seat of the Roman Catholic diocese of Le Mans....
 – 8 April 1364 in London
London

London is the capital of both England and the United Kingdom, and the most populous municipality in the European Union. An important settlement for two millennia, History of London goes back to its founding by the Roman Empire....
), called John the Good , was Count of Anjou, Count of Maine, and Duke of Normandy
Duke of Normandy

Duke of Normandy is a title held or claimed by various Normans, France, England and United Kingdom rulers from the 10th century until the present, in recognition of their history....
 from 1332, Count of Poitiers
Count of Poitiers

Among the people who have borne the title of Count of Poitiers are:*Guerin of Poitiers *Hatton *Renaud of Poitiers *Bernard I of Poitiers ...
 from 1344, Duke of Aquitaine
Duke of Aquitaine

The Duke of Aquitaine ruled the historical region of Aquitaine under the supremacy of the List of Frankish kings and later the List of French monarchs....
 from 1345, and King of France from 1350 until his death, as well as Duke of Burgundy
Duke of Burgundy

Duke of Burgundy was a title borne by the rulers of the Duchy of Burgundy, a small portion of traditional lands of Burgundians west of river Sa?ne which in 843 was allotted to Charles the Bald's West Franks....
 (as John I) from 1361 to 1363. By his marriage to Joanna I, Countess of Auvergne and Boulogne, he became jure uxoris
Jure uxoris

Jure uxoris is a Latin term that means "by right of the wife". It is commonly used to refer to a title held by a man whose wife holds it in her own right....
 Count of Auvergne and Boulogne
Count of Boulogne

The county of Boulogne was a historical region in the Low Countries. It consisted of a part of the present-day France d?partement of the Nord , in parts of which there is still a Flemish-speaking minority....
 from 1349 to 1360.






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John II (16 April 1319 in Le Mans
Le Mans

Le Mans is a commune in France in France, located on the Sarthe River. Traditionally the capital of the province of Maine , it is now the pr?fecture of the Sarthe D?partement in France, and is furthermore the seat of the Roman Catholic diocese of Le Mans....
 – 8 April 1364 in London
London

London is the capital of both England and the United Kingdom, and the most populous municipality in the European Union. An important settlement for two millennia, History of London goes back to its founding by the Roman Empire....
), called John the Good , was Count of Anjou, Count of Maine, and Duke of Normandy
Duke of Normandy

Duke of Normandy is a title held or claimed by various Normans, France, England and United Kingdom rulers from the 10th century until the present, in recognition of their history....
 from 1332, Count of Poitiers
Count of Poitiers

Among the people who have borne the title of Count of Poitiers are:*Guerin of Poitiers *Hatton *Renaud of Poitiers *Bernard I of Poitiers ...
 from 1344, Duke of Aquitaine
Duke of Aquitaine

The Duke of Aquitaine ruled the historical region of Aquitaine under the supremacy of the List of Frankish kings and later the List of French monarchs....
 from 1345, and King of France from 1350 until his death, as well as Duke of Burgundy
Duke of Burgundy

Duke of Burgundy was a title borne by the rulers of the Duchy of Burgundy, a small portion of traditional lands of Burgundians west of river Sa?ne which in 843 was allotted to Charles the Bald's West Franks....
 (as John I) from 1361 to 1363. By his marriage to Joanna I, Countess of Auvergne and Boulogne, he became jure uxoris
Jure uxoris

Jure uxoris is a Latin term that means "by right of the wife". It is commonly used to refer to a title held by a man whose wife holds it in her own right....
 Count of Auvergne and Boulogne
Count of Boulogne

The county of Boulogne was a historical region in the Low Countries. It consisted of a part of the present-day France d?partement of the Nord , in parts of which there is still a Flemish-speaking minority....
 from 1349 to 1360. John was a member of the House of Valois, and was the son of Philippe VI
Philip VI of France

Philip VI , known as the Fortunate and of Valois, was the List of French monarchs from 1328 to his death. He was also Count of Counts and Dukes of Anjou, Counts and Dukes of Maine, and Count of Valois from 1325 to 1328....
 and Jeanne of Burgundy
Joan the Lame

Joan of Burgundy , also known as Joan the Lame or Joan of Burgundy, Queen consort of France, first wife of Philip VI of France.Biography...
.

John succeeded his father in 1350 and was crowned at Notre-Dame de Reims
Notre-Dame de Reims

Notre-Dame de Reims is the cathedral of Reims, where the List of French monarchss of France were once crowned. It replaces an older church, destroyed by a fire in 1211, which was built on the site of the basilica where Clovis I was baptized by Saint Remigius, bishop of Reims, in AD 496....
. As king, John surrounded himself with poor administrators, preferring to enjoy the good life his wealth as king brought. Later in his reign, he took over more of the administration himself.

Early life


John’s father Philip VI
Philip VI of France

Philip VI , known as the Fortunate and of Valois, was the List of French monarchs from 1328 to his death. He was also Count of Counts and Dukes of Anjou, Counts and Dukes of Maine, and Count of Valois from 1325 to 1328....
 took the throne of France in 1328 when John was still 9 years old. His succession had rested on a deliberate political choice resulting from the deaths of Louis X
Louis X of France

Louis X , called the Quarreller, the Headstrong, or the Stubborn , was the List of Navarrese monarchs from 1305 and list of French monarchs from 1314 until his death....
 in 1316 and Charles IV
Charles IV of France

Charles IV , was the List of French monarchs and List of Navarrese monarchs and Count of Champagne from 1322 to his death: he was the last French king of the House of Capet....
 in 1328 – preventing the crown from passing to women, and hence to Edward III of England, son of Isabelle of France and grandson of Philip the Fair
Philip IV of France

Philip IV , called the Fair , son and successor of Philip III of France, reigned as List of French monarchs from 1285 until his death. He was the husband of Joan I of Navarre, by virtue of which he was List of Navarrese royal consorts and Counts of Champagne from 1284 to 1305....
. The new king was therefore determined to assert the legitimacy of his dynasty. In 1332 the birth of Charles II of Navarre
Charles II of Navarre

Charles II , called "Charles the Bad," was King of Navarre 1349-1387 and Count of ?vreux 1343-1387.Besides the Pyrenees Kingdom of Navarre, he had extensive lands in Normandy, inherited from his father, Count Philip III of Navarre, and his mother, Queen Joan II of Navarre, who had received them as compensation for resigning her claims...
 presented what was claimed to be a better claim to the crown of France than that of Edward. Charles II of Navarre
Charles II of Navarre

Charles II , called "Charles the Bad," was King of Navarre 1349-1387 and Count of ?vreux 1343-1387.Besides the Pyrenees Kingdom of Navarre, he had extensive lands in Normandy, inherited from his father, Count Philip III of Navarre, and his mother, Queen Joan II of Navarre, who had received them as compensation for resigning her claims...
 was son of Joan II of Navarre
Joan II of Navarre

Joan II of Navarre was Queen of Kingdom of Navarre 1328–1349. She was the only daughter of King Louis X of France and his first wife, Margaret of Burgundy ....
 and grandson of Louis X
Louis X of France

Louis X , called the Quarreller, the Headstrong, or the Stubborn , was the List of Navarrese monarchs from 1305 and list of French monarchs from 1314 until his death....
. Philip therefore decided to marry off his son—then thirteen years old—quickly to form a strong matrimonial alliance, at the same time conferring upon him the title of Duke of Normandy
Duke of Normandy

Duke of Normandy is a title held or claimed by various Normans, France, England and United Kingdom rulers from the 10th century until the present, in recognition of their history....
.

Thought was initially given to a marriage with Eleanor
Eleanor

Eleanor is a female given nameThe first known bearer of the name was Eleanor of Aquitaine. She was named after her mother, ?nor de Ch?tellerault, and called Ali?nor, , which means other-Aenor in Occitan language)....
, sister of the King of England, but instead Philip invited John of Luxembourg, King of Bohemia, to Fontainebleau
Fontainebleau

Fontainebleau is a commune in France in the aire urbaine of Paris, France. It is located south-southeast of the Kilometre Zero. Fontainebleau is a sous-pr?fecture of the Seine-et-Marne d?partement in France, being the seat of the Arrondissement of Fontainebleau....
 to propose an alliance which would be cemented by the marriage of one of John’s daughters with Philip’s son. Bohemia, which had aspirations towards Lombardy
Lombardy

Lombardy is one of the 20 regions of Italy. The capital is Milan. One-sixth of Italy's population lives in Lombardy and about one fifth of Italy's GDP is produced in this region....
 and needed French diplomatic support, accepted the deal. The military clauses of the treaty stipulated that in the event of war Bohemia would support the French army with four hundred infantrymen. The political clauses ensured that the Lombard crown would not be disputed if the King of Bohemia managed to obtain it. Philip selected Bonne of Bohemia
Bonne of Bohemia

Bonne of Luxemburg , was born Jutta, the daughter of John I, Count of Luxemburg, king of Bohemia and his first wife Elisabeth I of Bohemia. Jutta was referred to in French historiography as Bonne de Luxembourg....
 as a wife for his son as she was closer to child-bearing age (16 years), and the dowry was fixed at 120,000 florins.

Marriage with Bonne of Bohemia


John came of age on 26 April 1332, and received overlordship of the duchy of Normandy, as well as the counties of Anjou
Anjou

Anjou is a former county , duchy and Provinces of France centred on the city of Angers in the lower Loire Valley of western France. It corresponds largely to the present-day d?partement in France of Maine-et-Loire....
 and Maine
Maine

The State of Maine is a U.S. state in the New England region of the northeastern United States of America, bordering the Atlantic Ocean to the southeast, New Hampshire to the southwest, the Canadian provinces of Quebec to the northwest and New Brunswick to the northeast....
. The wedding was celebrated on 28 July at the church of Notre-Dame in Melun
Melun

Melun is a commune in France in the southeastern suburbs of Paris, France. It is located from the Kilometre Zero. Melun is the pr?fecture of the Seine-et-Marne d?partement in France, as well as the seat of the Arrondissement of Melun....
 in the presence of six thousand guests. The festivities were prolonged by a further two months when the young groom was finally knighted at the cathedral of Notre-Dame in Paris. Duke John of Normandy was solemnly granted the arms of a knight in front of a prestigious assistance bringing together the kings of Luxembourg and Navarre
Navarre

Navarre is a region in northern Spain, constituting one of its autonomous communities in Spain - the "Foral Community of Navarre" ....
, and the dukes of Burgundy
Duchy of Burgundy

The Duchy of Burgundy was a feudal territory once existing within the France in the Middle Ages. It roughly conforms to the modern Bourgogne. Existing between 843 and 1477, the Duchy was ruled by a succession of Duke of Burgundy, whose extinction with the death of Charles the Bold in 1477 led to the Duchy being absorbed into the French crown...
, Lorraine
Lorraine (province)

Lorraine is a historical area in present-day northeast France. Some of the main cities are Metz, France, Nancy and Verdun....
 and the Brabant
Brabant

Historically, Brabant has been the name of several administrative entities in the Low Countries with quite different geographical extent:* The Carolingian pagus Bracbatensis, located between the rivers Scheldt and Dijle between the 9th and 11th century;...
.

Duke of Normandy