Period of mobilization for the suppression of Communist rebellion
Encyclopedia
Period of mobilization for the suppression of Communist rebellion (Traditional Chinese: 動員戡亂時期) was a political term used by the government of the Republic of China
and Kuomintang
party to describe its rule of China
from 1947 to 1949, of Taiwan
from 1949 to 1987 and of Kinmen
, Matsu Islands
and Spratly Islands
from 1949 to 1991 under martial law
. In Taiwan the term "White Terror
" is often used to describe the era.
between the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) and the Government of Republic of China had resumed, in response of the war, the first session of the National Assembly
convened in 1948 enacted the "Mobilization for the Suppression of
Communist Rebellion Provisional Act". The Provisional Act is provided to the then President Chiang Kai-shek
extended powers to against the CCP. After the central government of Republic of China had relocated to Taiwan in 1949, the Provisional Act provided the Government to suppress its opponents.
Republic of China
The Republic of China , commonly known as Taiwan , is a unitary sovereign state located in East Asia. Originally based in mainland China, the Republic of China currently governs the island of Taiwan , which forms over 99% of its current territory, as well as Penghu, Kinmen, Matsu and other minor...
and Kuomintang
Kuomintang
The Kuomintang of China , sometimes romanized as Guomindang via the Pinyin transcription system or GMD for short, and translated as the Chinese Nationalist Party is a founding and ruling political party of the Republic of China . Its guiding ideology is the Three Principles of the People, espoused...
party to describe its rule of China
China
Chinese civilization may refer to:* China for more general discussion of the country.* Chinese culture* Greater China, the transnational community of ethnic Chinese.* History of China* Sinosphere, the area historically affected by Chinese culture...
from 1947 to 1949, of Taiwan
Taiwan
Taiwan , also known, especially in the past, as Formosa , is the largest island of the same-named island group of East Asia in the western Pacific Ocean and located off the southeastern coast of mainland China. The island forms over 99% of the current territory of the Republic of China following...
from 1949 to 1987 and of Kinmen
Kinmen
Kinmen , also known as Quemoy , is a small archipelago of several islands administered by the Republic of China : Greater Kinmen, Lesser Kinmen, and some islets. Administratively, it is Kinmen County of Fujian Province, ROC. The county is claimed by the People's Republic of China as part of its...
, Matsu Islands
Matsu Islands
The Matsu Islands are a minor archipelago of 19 islands and islets in the Taiwan Strait administered as Lienchiang County , Fujian Province of the Republic of China . Only a small area of what is historically Lienchiang County is under the control of the ROC...
and Spratly Islands
Spratly Islands
The Spratly Islands are a group of more than 750 reefs, islets, atolls, cays and islands in the South China Sea. The archipelago lies off the coasts of the Philippines and Malaysia , about one third of the way from there to southern Vietnam. They comprise less than four square kilometers of land...
from 1949 to 1991 under martial law
Martial law
Martial law is the imposition of military rule by military authorities over designated regions on an emergency basis— only temporary—when the civilian government or civilian authorities fail to function effectively , when there are extensive riots and protests, or when the disobedience of the law...
. In Taiwan the term "White Terror
White Terror (Taiwan)
In Taiwan, the White Terror describes the suppression of political dissidents, as well as public discussion of the 228 Incident in Taiwan under the period of martial law, which lasted from May 19 1949 to July 15 1987, 38 years, and 57 days...
" is often used to describe the era.
The Provisional Act
Since 1946, the Chinese Civil WarChinese Civil War
The Chinese Civil War was a civil war fought between the Kuomintang , the governing party of the Republic of China, and the Communist Party of China , for the control of China which eventually led to China's division into two Chinas, Republic of China and People's Republic of...
between the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) and the Government of Republic of China had resumed, in response of the war, the first session of the National Assembly
National Assembly
National Assembly is either a legislature, or the lower house of a bicameral legislature in some countries. The best known National Assembly, and the first legislature to be known by this title, was that established during the French Revolution in 1789, known as the Assemblée nationale...
convened in 1948 enacted the "Mobilization for the Suppression of
Communist Rebellion Provisional Act". The Provisional Act is provided to the then President Chiang Kai-shek
Chiang Kai-shek
Chiang Kai-shek was a political and military leader of 20th century China. He is known as Jiǎng Jièshí or Jiǎng Zhōngzhèng in Mandarin....
extended powers to against the CCP. After the central government of Republic of China had relocated to Taiwan in 1949, the Provisional Act provided the Government to suppress its opponents.