Pengshui
Encyclopedia
Pengshui Miao
and Tujia Autonomous County is located in southeastern Chongqing
, China
. It is 270 kilometres away from Downtown Chongqing.
(武陵山). 27.3% of Pengshui is covered by forest.
Neighbours:
, Tujia, Mongols
, Hui
, Gelao, Dong
, Tibetans
, Manchu
s, Zhuang, Yi
, and Hani
. There are 270,000 Miao and 90,000 Tujia in Pengshui.
), Pengshui District (縣) was established. "Pengshui" means "Peng River", and was the old name for the Yu River (郁江). By 1645 during the Qing Dynasty
, it was part of Chongqing Prefecture (重慶府). In 1913 (Republic of China
), it was part of Dongchuan Circuit (東川道). In 1927, it was reassigned to Changgong Bureau (長公署) of Sichuan Province. And in 1935, of the Eighth Administrative Inspection Area (第八行政督察區) of Sichuan.
On November 16, 1949, Pengshui was captured by the communist
s. In January 1950, it was part of Fuling Special District of Chuandong administrative territory (川東行署涪陵專區). In September 1952, Fuling Special District was transferred to Sichuan, and was changed to a prefecture in June 1968.
The autonomous county status was approved by the State Council
on November 14, 1983. The official status began November 10 of the following year. In 1987, it was assigned to Qianjiang
Prefecture. In June 1997, it was directly governed by Chongqing Municipality.
Towns:
Townships:
Hmong people
The Hmong , are an Asian ethnic group from the mountainous regions of China, Vietnam, Laos, and Thailand. Hmong are also one of the sub-groups of the Miao ethnicity in southern China...
and Tujia Autonomous County is located in southeastern Chongqing
Chongqing
Chongqing is a major city in Southwest China and one of the five national central cities of China. Administratively, it is one of the PRC's four direct-controlled municipalities , and the only such municipality in inland China.The municipality was created on 14 March 1997, succeeding the...
, China
People's Republic of China
China , officially the People's Republic of China , is the most populous country in the world, with over 1.3 billion citizens. Located in East Asia, the country covers approximately 9.6 million square kilometres...
. It is 270 kilometres away from Downtown Chongqing.
- AreaAreaArea is a quantity that expresses the extent of a two-dimensional surface or shape in the plane. Area can be understood as the amount of material with a given thickness that would be necessary to fashion a model of the shape, or the amount of paint necessary to cover the surface with a single coat...
: 3903 km² - PopulationPopulationA population is all the organisms that both belong to the same group or species and live in the same geographical area. The area that is used to define a sexual population is such that inter-breeding is possible between any pair within the area and more probable than cross-breeding with individuals...
: 622,200 (2001) - County seatCounty seatA county seat is an administrative center, or seat of government, for a county or civil parish. The term is primarily used in the United States....
: Hanjia Zhen (汉葭镇) (201 Beimen Jie, 北門街201號) - Geographic coordinates: 28°57′-29° 51′ North, 107°48′-108°36′ East
- AltitudeAltitudeAltitude or height is defined based on the context in which it is used . As a general definition, altitude is a distance measurement, usually in the vertical or "up" direction, between a reference datum and a point or object. The reference datum also often varies according to the context...
: 245 metres
Geography
It is at the lower reach of Wu Jiang (烏江) and in the mountainous region of WulingWuling
Wuling may refer to the following of dynastic or the People's Republic of China:* Wuling District , Changde, Hunan* Wuling Mountains , mountain range covering an area from western Hunan to eastern Guizhou and Chongqing...
(武陵山). 27.3% of Pengshui is covered by forest.
Neighbours:
- North: Shizhu Tujia Autonomous County (石柱土家族自治縣)
- Northeast: LichuanLichuanLichuan is a county-level city in the Enshi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture, in Hubei Province of China. Lichuan has approximately 73,000 inabitants.-Ran Jianxin:...
City, Enshi Tujia and Miao Autonomous PrefectureEnshi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture-Demographics:The total area is 24,000 square kilometers, and the population is 3,800,000. 52.6% of the population belong to the Tujia and Miao nations, who -while officially minority nations- are thus a majority here...
(恩施土家族苗族自治州利川市), Hubei - East: Qianjiang District (黔江区)
- Southeast: Youyang Tujia and Miao Autonomous CountyYouyang Tujia and Miao Autonomous CountyYouyang Tujia and Miao Autonomous County, or Youyang County for short is located in southeastern Chongqing Municipality, China.* Area: 5,173 km²* Population: 760,000...
(酉陽土家族苗族自治縣) - South: Yanhe Tujia Autonomous CountyYanhe Tujia Autonomous CountyYanhe Tujia Autonomous County is a county of Guizhou, China. It is under the administration of the Tongren Prefecture....
(沿河土家族自治縣), Guizhou; Wuchuan Gelao and Miao Autonomous CountyWuchuan Gelao and Miao Autonomous CountyWuchuan Gelao and Miao Autonomous County is a county of Guizhou, China. It is under the administration of Zunyi city....
(務川仡佬族苗族自治縣) - Southwest: Daozhen Gelao and Miao Autonomous CountyDaozhen Gelao and Miao Autonomous CountyDaozhen Gelao and Miao Autonomous County is a county of Guizhou, China. It is under the administration of Zunyi city....
(道真仡佬族苗族自治縣), Guizhou - West: Wulong County (武隆)
- Northwest: FengduFengduFengdu County is a county located in Chongqing Municipality, People's Republic of China.-Fengdu:There is a necropolis called Fengdu modelled after the Chinese Hell in Taoist mythology, built over 1800 years ago. The famous ghost town will become an island once the Three Gorges Dam project is...
County (豐都)
Demographics
59.5% of Pengshui residents are members of the following 11 ethnic minorities: MiaoMiao people
The Miao or ม้ง ; ) is an ethnic group recognized by the government of the People's Republic of China as one of the 55 official minority groups. Miao is a Chinese term and does not reflect the self-designations of the component nations of people, which include Hmong, Hmu, A Hmao, and Kho Xiong...
, Tujia, Mongols
Ethnic Mongols in China
Mongols in China are citizens of the People's Republic of China who are ethnic Mongols. They form one of the 55 ethnic minorities officially recognized by the People's Republic of China. There are approximately 5.8 million ethnic Mongols living in China. Most of them live in Inner Mongolia,...
, Hui
Hui people
The Hui people are an ethnic group in China, defined as Chinese speaking people descended from foreign Muslims. They are typically distinguished by their practice of Islam, however some also practice other religions, and many are direct descendants of Silk Road travelers.In modern People's...
, Gelao, Dong
Dong people
The Dong , a Kam–Sui people of southern China, are one of the 56 ethnic groups officially recognized by the People's Republic of China. They are famed for their native-bred Kam Sweet Rice , carpentry skills, and unique architecture, in particular a form of covered bridge known as the "wind and rain...
, Tibetans
Tibetan people
The Tibetan people are an ethnic group that is native to Tibet, which is mostly in the People's Republic of China. They number 5.4 million and are the 10th largest ethnic group in the country. Significant Tibetan minorities also live in India, Nepal, and Bhutan...
, Manchu
Manchu
The Manchu people or Man are an ethnic minority of China who originated in Manchuria . During their rise in the 17th century, with the help of the Ming dynasty rebels , they came to power in China and founded the Qing Dynasty, which ruled China until the Xinhai Revolution of 1911, which...
s, Zhuang, Yi
Yi people
The Yi or Lolo people are an ethnic group in China, Vietnam, and Thailand. Numbering 8 million, they are the seventh largest of the 55 ethnic minority groups officially recognized by the People's Republic of China...
, and Hani
Hani people
thumb|Typical daily attire of ethnic Hani in China. Near [[Yuanyang County, Yunnan|Yuanyang]], [[Yunnan]] Province, [[China]] The Hani people are an ethnic group. They form one of the 56 nationalities officially recognized by the People's Republic of China. They also form one of the 54 officially...
. There are 270,000 Miao and 90,000 Tujia in Pengshui.
History
In 593 (Sui DynastySui Dynasty
The Sui Dynasty was a powerful, but short-lived Imperial Chinese dynasty. Preceded by the Southern and Northern Dynasties, it ended nearly four centuries of division between rival regimes. It was followed by the Tang Dynasty....
), Pengshui District (縣) was established. "Pengshui" means "Peng River", and was the old name for the Yu River (郁江). By 1645 during the Qing Dynasty
Qing Dynasty
The Qing Dynasty was the last dynasty of China, ruling from 1644 to 1912 with a brief, abortive restoration in 1917. It was preceded by the Ming Dynasty and followed by the Republic of China....
, it was part of Chongqing Prefecture (重慶府). In 1913 (Republic of China
Republic of China
The Republic of China , commonly known as Taiwan , is a unitary sovereign state located in East Asia. Originally based in mainland China, the Republic of China currently governs the island of Taiwan , which forms over 99% of its current territory, as well as Penghu, Kinmen, Matsu and other minor...
), it was part of Dongchuan Circuit (東川道). In 1927, it was reassigned to Changgong Bureau (長公署) of Sichuan Province. And in 1935, of the Eighth Administrative Inspection Area (第八行政督察區) of Sichuan.
On November 16, 1949, Pengshui was captured by the communist
Communist Party of China
The Communist Party of China , also known as the Chinese Communist Party , is the founding and ruling political party of the People's Republic of China...
s. In January 1950, it was part of Fuling Special District of Chuandong administrative territory (川東行署涪陵專區). In September 1952, Fuling Special District was transferred to Sichuan, and was changed to a prefecture in June 1968.
The autonomous county status was approved by the State Council
State Council of the People's Republic of China
The State Council of the People's Republic of China , which is largely synonymous with the Central People's Government after 1954, is the chief administrative authority of the People's Republic of China. It is chaired by the Premier and includes the heads of each governmental department and agency...
on November 14, 1983. The official status began November 10 of the following year. In 1987, it was assigned to Qianjiang
Qianjiang
Qianjiang may refer to:*Qianjiang District , a district of Chongqing Municipality, China*Qianjiang, Hubei , a sub-prefecture-level city of Hubei Province, China...
Prefecture. In June 1997, it was directly governed by Chongqing Municipality.
Subdivisions
10 towns and 29 townships, which contain 602 villages, 41 neighborhood committees and 4902 village committees (see Administrative divisions of the People's Republic of China#Levels).Towns:
- Hanjia (漢葭鎮)
- Gaogu (高穀鎮)
- Yushan (鬱山鎮)
- Baojia (保家鎮)
- Huangjia (黃家鎮)
- Lujiao (鹿角鎮)
- Sangzhe (桑柘鎮)
- Puzi (普子鎮)
- Longshe (龍射鎮)
- Lianhu (連湖鎮)
Townships:
- Dianshui (靛水鄉)
- Qiaozi (喬梓鄉)
- Luming (鹿鳴鄉)
- Xintian (新田鄉)
- Anzi (鞍子鄉)
- Runxi (潤溪鄉)
- Changtan (長灘鄉)
- Zhufo (諸佛鄉)
- Litang (棣棠鄉)
- Xiaochang (小廠鄉)
- Meiziya (梅子埡鄉)
- Wanzu (萬足鄉)
- Shipan (石盤鄉)
- Shuanglong (雙龍鄉)
- Daya (大埡鄉)
- Shiliu (石柳鄉)
- Sanyi (三義鄉)
- Ping'an (平安鄉)
- Lutang (蘆塘鄉)
- Zouma (走馬鄉)
- Longxi (龍溪鄉)
- Shangan (善感鄉)
- Langxi (朗溪鄉)
- Longtang (龍塘鄉)
- Lianhe (聯合鄉)
- Qianqiao (遷喬鄉)
- Taiyuan (太原鄉)
- Tonglou (桐樓鄉)
- Yandong (岩東鄉)
External links
- Official site
- Gongtan village Newspaper report on property confiscation in Pengshui Miao and Tujia Autonomous County