Nationalist Liberation Alliance
Encyclopedia
The Nationalist Liberation Alliance (es
: Alianza Libertadora Nacionalista, ALN) was an Argentine
Nacionalista and Nazi
political party founded by Jordán Bruno Genta
in 1943. It was a successor to the Alliance of Nationalist Youth
led by Juan Bautista Molina
who became the first leader of the party. The party was violently anti-Semitic and took part in attacks on the Sephardic
Shalom synagogue
in Buenos Aires
as well as painting anti-Semitic graffiti
on walls of buildings. Famous communist
revolutionary
Che Guevera assaulted a group of members of the party during a demonstration held by the ALN in 1943 where they were harassing pro-Allied students.
as President of Argentina
. Following the 1946 election, ALN members attacked the headquarters of several liberal
and leftist
newspapers, including La Hora, the Communist Party
newspaper, as well as attacking a bar in downtown Buenos Aires that was frequented by Spanish republican
refugeees
.
In 1953, the ALN condemned the nationalist newspaper La Prensa for publishing too many articles by Jewish writers. ALN leader Juan Queraltó was ousted from leadership of the party in 1953. Queraltó was succeeded by Guillermo Patricio Kelly
. Kelly sought to distance the party from its anti-Semitic past and met with Israel
's ambassador to Argentina, Dr. Arie Kubovy during which Kelly informed Dr. Kubovy that the ALN had forsworn anti-Semitism. In 1954, anti-Semitism was dropped from the party. Kelly was arrested after the anti-Perónist Revolución Libertadora
of 1955 by Argentine authorities for having used a forged passport, but managed to escape and flee the country in 1957.
as the symbol of the movement. The Andean Condor is a national symbol of Argentina.
Spanish language
Spanish , also known as Castilian , is a Romance language in the Ibero-Romance group that evolved from several languages and dialects in central-northern Iberia around the 9th century and gradually spread with the expansion of the Kingdom of Castile into central and southern Iberia during the...
: Alianza Libertadora Nacionalista, ALN) was an Argentine
Argentina
Argentina , officially the Argentine Republic , is the second largest country in South America by land area, after Brazil. It is constituted as a federation of 23 provinces and an autonomous city, Buenos Aires...
Nacionalista and Nazi
Nazism
Nazism, the common short form name of National Socialism was the ideology and practice of the Nazi Party and of Nazi Germany...
political party founded by Jordán Bruno Genta
Jordán Bruno Genta
Jordán Bruno Genta, was an Argentine writer and educator, widely considered the ideologue of the Argentine extreme right-wing.In his youth, Genta actively campaigned against several attempts at education reform, fearing that the changes would dilute the influence of Catholic teachings...
in 1943. It was a successor to the Alliance of Nationalist Youth
Alliance of Nationalist Youth (Argentina)
The Alliance of Nationalist Youth was an Argentine Nacionalista and Nazi political party in Argentina formed in 1937 as the successor of the Argentine Civic Legion...
led by Juan Bautista Molina
Juan Bautista Molina
Brigadier General Juan Bautista Molina was an Argentine military commander and a pro-Nazi Argentine ultranationalist who led the Argentine Civic Legion and its successors, the Alliance of Nationalist Youth and its successor the Nationalist Liberation Alliance .Molina was involved in a number of...
who became the first leader of the party. The party was violently anti-Semitic and took part in attacks on the Sephardic
Sephardi Jews
Sephardi Jews is a general term referring to the descendants of the Jews who lived in the Iberian Peninsula before their expulsion in the Spanish Inquisition. It can also refer to those who use a Sephardic style of liturgy or would otherwise define themselves in terms of the Jewish customs and...
Shalom synagogue
Synagogue
A synagogue is a Jewish house of prayer. This use of the Greek term synagogue originates in the Septuagint where it sometimes translates the Hebrew word for assembly, kahal...
in Buenos Aires
Buenos Aires
Buenos Aires is the capital and largest city of Argentina, and the second-largest metropolitan area in South America, after São Paulo. It is located on the western shore of the estuary of the Río de la Plata, on the southeastern coast of the South American continent...
as well as painting anti-Semitic graffiti
Graffiti
Graffiti is the name for images or lettering scratched, scrawled, painted or marked in any manner on property....
on walls of buildings. Famous communist
Communism
Communism is a social, political and economic ideology that aims at the establishment of a classless, moneyless, revolutionary and stateless socialist society structured upon common ownership of the means of production...
revolutionary
Revolutionary
A revolutionary is a person who either actively participates in, or advocates revolution. Also, when used as an adjective, the term revolutionary refers to something that has a major, sudden impact on society or on some aspect of human endeavor.-Definition:...
Che Guevera assaulted a group of members of the party during a demonstration held by the ALN in 1943 where they were harassing pro-Allied students.
History
During the 1946 Argentine elections, the ALN was the largest Nacionalista movement but only gained 25,000 votes in a few areas in which it fielded candidates. This coincided with the election of Juan PerónJuan Perón
Juan Domingo Perón was an Argentine military officer, and politician. Perón was three times elected as President of Argentina though he only managed to serve one full term, after serving in several government positions, including the Secretary of Labor and the Vice Presidency...
as President of Argentina
President of Argentina
The President of the Argentine Nation , usually known as the President of Argentina, is the head of state of Argentina. Under the national Constitution, the President is also the chief executive of the federal government and Commander-in-Chief of the armed forces.Through Argentine history, the...
. Following the 1946 election, ALN members attacked the headquarters of several liberal
Liberalism
Liberalism is the belief in the importance of liberty and equal rights. Liberals espouse a wide array of views depending on their understanding of these principles, but generally, liberals support ideas such as constitutionalism, liberal democracy, free and fair elections, human rights,...
and leftist
Left-wing politics
In politics, Left, left-wing and leftist generally refer to support for social change to create a more egalitarian society...
newspapers, including La Hora, the Communist Party
Communist Party of Argentina
The Communist Party of Argentina is a communist party from Argentina. It was founded in 1918.At the 2005 legislative elections, the Party joined the Encuentro Amplio with other left-wing parties in Buenos Aires and Buenos Aires Province...
newspaper, as well as attacking a bar in downtown Buenos Aires that was frequented by Spanish republican
Republican Faction (Spanish Civil War)
The Republican faction also known as the Republicans was the side in the Spanish Civil War of 1936 to 1939 that supported the Second Spanish Republic against the National faction.-Popular Front:-CNT/FAI:-People's Republican Army:...
refugeees
Refugee
A refugee is a person who outside her country of origin or habitual residence because she has suffered persecution on account of race, religion, nationality, political opinion, or because she is a member of a persecuted 'social group'. Such a person may be referred to as an 'asylum seeker' until...
.
In 1953, the ALN condemned the nationalist newspaper La Prensa for publishing too many articles by Jewish writers. ALN leader Juan Queraltó was ousted from leadership of the party in 1953. Queraltó was succeeded by Guillermo Patricio Kelly
Guillermo Patricio Kelly
Guillermo Patricio Kelly was the leader of the Nationalist Liberation Alliance of Argentina from 1953 to 1955. Kelly sought to distance the ALN from its anti-Semitic past and met with Israel's ambassador to Argentina, Dr. Arie Kubovy during which Kelly informed Dr. Kubovy that the ALN had forsworn...
. Kelly sought to distance the party from its anti-Semitic past and met with Israel
Israel
The State of Israel is a parliamentary republic located in the Middle East, along the eastern shore of the Mediterranean Sea...
's ambassador to Argentina, Dr. Arie Kubovy during which Kelly informed Dr. Kubovy that the ALN had forsworn anti-Semitism. In 1954, anti-Semitism was dropped from the party. Kelly was arrested after the anti-Perónist Revolución Libertadora
Revolución Libertadora
The Revolución Libertadora was a military uprising that ended the second presidential term of Juan Perón in Argentina, on September 16, 1955.-History:...
of 1955 by Argentine authorities for having used a forged passport, but managed to escape and flee the country in 1957.
Party symbols
The Nationalist Liberation Alliance used the Andean CondorAndean Condor
The Andean Condor is a species of South American bird in the New World vulture family Cathartidae and is the only member of the genus Vultur...
as the symbol of the movement. The Andean Condor is a national symbol of Argentina.