Munger District
Encyclopedia
Munger district is one of the thirty-eight districts
of Bihar
state
in eastern India
. Munger
town is the administrative headquarters of this district. Munger district is a part of Munger Division
. Its literacy rate of 73.3% is higher than the state literacy rate of 63.8% and lower than national rate of 74.04
. According to another tradition, the name of the town is derived from either sage Mudgala or Maudgalyayana
, a disciple of Buddha. However, General Cunnigham had strong suspicion that the original name of the town was connected with the Munda
s, who are the earliest residents of this region and C.E.A. Oldham thinks it was probably derived from Munigriha (the abode of the Muni).
mahajanapada. The Mahabharata
says that it was ruled by Karna. Mudgagiri (Munger) was the capital of the Pala empire
. Bengal Nawab Mir Kasim fought one of the last battles before the East India Company captured the eastern India. The Fort built by him has three gates and the Ganges on its fourth sides. Munger was known as Monghyr throughout British rule. In the early years of British rule Monghyr formed a part of Bhagalpur, and was not created a separate district till 1832.
Gaya has seen five districts partitioned off from its territory: Begusarai
in 1976; Khagaria
in 1988; and Jamui
, Lakhisarai district
, and Sheikhpura
in 1999.
The district is currently a part of the Red Corridor
.
District is located in the southern part of Bihar and its headquarter is located on the southern bank of river Ganges. Munger district occupies an area of 1419 square kilometres (547.9 sq mi), comparatively equivalent to Russia
's Urup Island. It accounts for 3.3% of the area of Bihar . It lies between 240 22 N to 250 30 N latitude and 850 30 E to 870 3 E longitude. Munger District was formed in 1832 out of Bhagalpur
.
Bordered by river Ganges from north side. Lakhisarai
and Begusarai
districts(on the opposite banks of river Ganga) lies on the northwest and southwest side respectively. Jamui
district on southern side, Bhagalpur
and Banka
districts on northeast and southeast sides respectively and Khagaria
district on the northern side(across river Ganga).
Saharsa
, Madhepura
, Begusarai
, Jamui
, Sheikhpura
, Khagaria
and Lakhisarai
districts were carved out of this district.
Munger district is so located in the southern Bihar and Munger town, its headquarters is located on the southern bank of the Ganges. The district lies between 24°20' and 25°30' north latitudes and between 85°37' and 87°30' east longitudes. The average height from the sea level is 30 to 65 m.
Temple and village
Chandika temple is one of the famous temple in this city. Dalahatta Buzar Kumhartoli is as a small village, 80% people who staying here are kumhar by cast that make pot (Miiti ke bartan).Kalai is a village near Kharagpur having mostly bhrahmins and rajputs as its population.
named Munger one of the country's 250 most backward districts
(out of a total of 640
). It is one of the 36 districts in Bihar currently receiving funds from the Backward Regions Grant Fund Programme (BRGF).
and Tarapur, which are further divided into nine development blocks:Kharagpur
, Dharhara
, mohanpur
Munger
, Jamalpur
, Tarapur
, Sangrampur, Bariarpur, Tetia Bambar and Asarganj.
Munger district has a population
of 1,359,054, roughly equal to the nation of Swaziland
or the US state of Hawaii
. This gives it a ranking of 358th in India (out of a total of 640
). The district has a population density of 958 PD/sqkm . Its population growth rate
over the decade 2001-2011 was 19.45 %. Munger has a sex ratio
of 879 females
for every 1000 males, and a literacy rate
of 73.3 %.
, an Indo-Aryan
language written in the Devanagari script and spoken by at least 725 000 people in the Angika Region
.
Districts of Bihar
Bihar, a state of India, has currently thirty-eight administrative districts.A district of an Indian state is an administrative geographical unit, headed by a district magistrate or a deputy commissioner, an officer belonging to the Indian Administrative Service...
of Bihar
Bihar
Bihar is a state in eastern India. It is the 12th largest state in terms of geographical size at and 3rd largest by population. Almost 58% of Biharis are below the age of 25, which is the highest proportion in India....
state
States and territories of India
India is a federal union of states comprising twenty-eight states and seven union territories. The states and territories are further subdivided into districts and so on.-List of states and territories:...
in eastern India
India
India , officially the Republic of India , is a country in South Asia. It is the seventh-largest country by geographical area, the second-most populous country with over 1.2 billion people, and the most populous democracy in the world...
. Munger
Munger
Munger town is the headquarters of Munger district, in the Indian state of Bihar. Historically, Munger is known for its manufacturing of iron articles such as firearms and swords. One of the major institutions in Munger is Bihar School of Yoga. It is one of the foremost learning center in the...
town is the administrative headquarters of this district. Munger district is a part of Munger Division
Munger Division
Munger division is an administrative geographical unit of Bihar state of India. Munger is the administrative headquarters of the division. Currently , the division consists of Munger District, Begusarai District Jamui District, Khagaria District, Lakhisarai District, and Sheikhpura District...
. Its literacy rate of 73.3% is higher than the state literacy rate of 63.8% and lower than national rate of 74.04
Etymology
The district is named after its headquarters, Munger. There are several traditions regarding the etymology of Munger. According to one tradition, the present name of the town is derived from its ancient name Mudgagiri, which is mentioned in the Mahbharata as well as the Munger copperlate inscription of DevapalaDevapala
Deva Pala , was a powerful emperor from the Pala Empire of Bengal region in the Indian Subcontinent. He was the third king in the line and had succeeded his father, emperor Dharamapala...
. According to another tradition, the name of the town is derived from either sage Mudgala or Maudgalyayana
Maudgalyayana
Maudgalyāyana , , also known as Mahāmaudgalyāyana or Mahāmoggallāna, was one of the Śākyamuni Buddha's closest disciples. A contemporary of famous arhats such as Subhūti, Śāriputra, and Mahākāśyapa, he is considered the second of the Buddha's two foremost disciples , together with Śāriputra...
, a disciple of Buddha. However, General Cunnigham had strong suspicion that the original name of the town was connected with the Munda
Munda people
The Munda are tribal people of the Chota Nagpur Plateau region.They are found across Jharkhand, Bihar, West Bengal, Chhattisgarh, Orissa and Assam states of India, and into parts of Bangladesh...
s, who are the earliest residents of this region and C.E.A. Oldham thinks it was probably derived from Munigriha (the abode of the Muni).
History
The territory occupied by the present day Munger district was a part of AngaAnga
Anga was a kingdom that flourished on the eastern Indian subcontinent in the 6th century BCE until taken over by Magadha in the same century. Counted among the "sixteen great nations" in Buddhist texts like the Anguttara Nikaya, Anga also finds mention in the Jain Vyakhyaprajnapti’s list of...
mahajanapada. The Mahabharata
Mahabharata
The Mahabharata is one of the two major Sanskrit epics of ancient India and Nepal, the other being the Ramayana. The epic is part of itihasa....
says that it was ruled by Karna. Mudgagiri (Munger) was the capital of the Pala empire
Pala Empire
The Pāla Empire was one of the major middle kingdoms of India existed from 750–1174 CE. It was ruled by a Buddhist dynasty from Bengal in the eastern region of the Indian subcontinent, all the rulers bearing names ending with the suffix Pala , which means protector. The Palas were often described...
. Bengal Nawab Mir Kasim fought one of the last battles before the East India Company captured the eastern India. The Fort built by him has three gates and the Ganges on its fourth sides. Munger was known as Monghyr throughout British rule. In the early years of British rule Monghyr formed a part of Bhagalpur, and was not created a separate district till 1832.
Gaya has seen five districts partitioned off from its territory: Begusarai
Begusarai District
Begusarai District is one of the thirty-eight districts of Bihar state, India, and Begusarai town is the administrative headquarters of this district.-Etymology:The name of the district apparently comes from "Begum" + "Sarai"...
in 1976; Khagaria
Khagaria District
Khagaria district is an administrative district in the state of Bihar in India. The district headquarters are located at Khagaria. Khagaria district is a part of Munger Division....
in 1988; and Jamui
Jamui District
Jamui is one of the thirty-eight districts of Bihar state, India. The district was formed as a District on 21 February 1991 as a result of its separation from Munger district. It is located at a longitude of 86º-13'E and the latitude is 24º-55'N....
, Lakhisarai district
Lakhisarai District
Lakhisarai district is one of the thirty-eight districts of Bihar state, India, and Lakhisarai town is the administrative headquarters of this district. Lakhisarai district is a part of Munger Division. The district occupies an area of 1228 km2...
, and Sheikhpura
Sheikhpura District
Sheikhpura district is one of the thirty eight districts of Bihar state, India, and Sheikhpura town is the administrative headquarters of this district. Sheikhpura district is a part of Munger Division...
in 1999.
The district is currently a part of the Red Corridor
Red corridor
The Red Corridor is a term used to describe an impoverished region in the east of India that experiences considerable Naxalite communist insurgency...
.
Geography
MungerMunger
Munger town is the headquarters of Munger district, in the Indian state of Bihar. Historically, Munger is known for its manufacturing of iron articles such as firearms and swords. One of the major institutions in Munger is Bihar School of Yoga. It is one of the foremost learning center in the...
District is located in the southern part of Bihar and its headquarter is located on the southern bank of river Ganges. Munger district occupies an area of 1419 square kilometres (547.9 sq mi), comparatively equivalent to Russia
Russia
Russia or , officially known as both Russia and the Russian Federation , is a country in northern Eurasia. It is a federal semi-presidential republic, comprising 83 federal subjects...
's Urup Island. It accounts for 3.3% of the area of Bihar . It lies between 240 22 N to 250 30 N latitude and 850 30 E to 870 3 E longitude. Munger District was formed in 1832 out of Bhagalpur
Bhagalpur District
Bhagalpur district is one of the thirty-eight districts of Bihar state, India, and Bhagalpur town is the administrative headquarters of this district.-Geography:...
.
Bordered by river Ganges from north side. Lakhisarai
Lakhisarai District
Lakhisarai district is one of the thirty-eight districts of Bihar state, India, and Lakhisarai town is the administrative headquarters of this district. Lakhisarai district is a part of Munger Division. The district occupies an area of 1228 km2...
and Begusarai
Begusarai District
Begusarai District is one of the thirty-eight districts of Bihar state, India, and Begusarai town is the administrative headquarters of this district.-Etymology:The name of the district apparently comes from "Begum" + "Sarai"...
districts(on the opposite banks of river Ganga) lies on the northwest and southwest side respectively. Jamui
Jamui District
Jamui is one of the thirty-eight districts of Bihar state, India. The district was formed as a District on 21 February 1991 as a result of its separation from Munger district. It is located at a longitude of 86º-13'E and the latitude is 24º-55'N....
district on southern side, Bhagalpur
Bhagalpur District
Bhagalpur district is one of the thirty-eight districts of Bihar state, India, and Bhagalpur town is the administrative headquarters of this district.-Geography:...
and Banka
Banka District
Banka is one of the thirty-eight districts of Bihar in India.-History:Banka is the homeland of great revolutionary Satish Prasad Jha, one of seven martyrs who hoisted the flag of India at the Secretariat building near Patna on 11 August 1942. Jha was born in Khadihara near Dhakamod, Banka...
districts on northeast and southeast sides respectively and Khagaria
Khagaria District
Khagaria district is an administrative district in the state of Bihar in India. The district headquarters are located at Khagaria. Khagaria district is a part of Munger Division....
district on the northern side(across river Ganga).
Saharsa
Saharsa District
Saharsa is one of the thirty-eight districts of Bihar, India. Saharsa town is the administrative headquarters of this district. Saharsa district is a part of a larger territory, the Kosi Division and it became a district on 1 April 1954 and subsequently has become smaller with other districts being...
, Madhepura
Madhepura District
Madhepura district is one of the thirty-eight districts of Bihar state, India, and Madhepura town is the administrative headquarters of this district. Madhepura district is a part of Kosi division.-History:...
, Begusarai
Begusarai District
Begusarai District is one of the thirty-eight districts of Bihar state, India, and Begusarai town is the administrative headquarters of this district.-Etymology:The name of the district apparently comes from "Begum" + "Sarai"...
, Jamui
Jamui District
Jamui is one of the thirty-eight districts of Bihar state, India. The district was formed as a District on 21 February 1991 as a result of its separation from Munger district. It is located at a longitude of 86º-13'E and the latitude is 24º-55'N....
, Sheikhpura
Sheikhpura District
Sheikhpura district is one of the thirty eight districts of Bihar state, India, and Sheikhpura town is the administrative headquarters of this district. Sheikhpura district is a part of Munger Division...
, Khagaria
Khagaria District
Khagaria district is an administrative district in the state of Bihar in India. The district headquarters are located at Khagaria. Khagaria district is a part of Munger Division....
and Lakhisarai
Lakhisarai District
Lakhisarai district is one of the thirty-eight districts of Bihar state, India, and Lakhisarai town is the administrative headquarters of this district. Lakhisarai district is a part of Munger Division. The district occupies an area of 1228 km2...
districts were carved out of this district.
Munger district is so located in the southern Bihar and Munger town, its headquarters is located on the southern bank of the Ganges. The district lies between 24°20' and 25°30' north latitudes and between 85°37' and 87°30' east longitudes. The average height from the sea level is 30 to 65 m.
Rivers and lakes
The major rivers of this district are the Ganges, the Mohane, the Harohar and the Kiul.Temple and village
Chandika temple is one of the famous temple in this city. Dalahatta Buzar Kumhartoli is as a small village, 80% people who staying here are kumhar by cast that make pot (Miiti ke bartan).Kalai is a village near Kharagpur having mostly bhrahmins and rajputs as its population.
Climate
There are three distinct seasons in this zone, summer (March to May), monsoon (June to September) and winter (October to February). Average annual rainfall of this district is 1146 mm (average of 53 years).Economy
In 2006 the Ministry of Panchayati RajMinistry of Panchayati Raj
The Ministry of Panchayati Raj is a branch of the Government of India looking after the ongoing process of decentralization and local governance in the States....
named Munger one of the country's 250 most backward districts
Poverty in India
Poverty is widespread in India, with the nation estimated to have a third of the world's poor. According to a 2005 World Bank estimate, 41.6% of the total Indian population falls below the international poverty line of 1.25 a day...
(out of a total of 640
Districts of India
A district is an administrative division of an Indian state or territory. Districts are further subdivided, in some cases into Sub-Divisions, and otherwise directly into tehsils or talukas.District officials include:...
). It is one of the 36 districts in Bihar currently receiving funds from the Backward Regions Grant Fund Programme (BRGF).
Divisions
The district is divided into three sub-divisions: Jamalpur, KharagpurKharagpur (Munger)
Kharagpur is a town and a notified area in Munger district in the Indian state of Bihar.-Geography:Kharagpur is located at . It has an average elevation of 48 metres .-Demographics:...
and Tarapur, which are further divided into nine development blocks:Kharagpur
Kharagpur (Munger)
Kharagpur is a town and a notified area in Munger district in the Indian state of Bihar.-Geography:Kharagpur is located at . It has an average elevation of 48 metres .-Demographics:...
, Dharhara
Dharhara
Dharhara is a community development block in Munger District of Bihar, India.- Divisions :Panchayats under the Dharhara block include:* Ajimganj* Amari* Aurabagicha* Bahachouki * Bangalwa* Dharhara Maharna...
, mohanpur
Mohanpur
-In India:*Mohanpur, Uttar Pradesh, a town in Etah district, Uttar Pradesh*Mohanpur , a division in West Midnapore district, West Bengal*Mohanpur, Bihar, a village in Darbhanga district, Bihar...
Munger
Munger
Munger town is the headquarters of Munger district, in the Indian state of Bihar. Historically, Munger is known for its manufacturing of iron articles such as firearms and swords. One of the major institutions in Munger is Bihar School of Yoga. It is one of the foremost learning center in the...
, Jamalpur
Jamalpur, Bihar
Jamalpur is a town and a municipality in Munger district in the Indian state of Bihar.Jamalpur, the name literally means beautiful town and that is a literal description of the place...
, Tarapur
Tarapur
Tarapur may refer to places in India:* Tarapur, Maharashtra**Tarapur Atomic Power Station* Tarapur, Bihar* Tarapur, Gujarat* Tarapur, Orissa* Tarapur, Madhya Pradesh...
, Sangrampur, Bariarpur, Tetia Bambar and Asarganj.
Demographics
According to the 2011 census2011 census of India
The 15th Indian National census was conducted in two phases, houselisting and population enumeration. Houselisting phase began on April 1, 2010 and involved collection of information about all buildings...
Munger district has a population
Demographics of India
The demographics of India are inclusive of the second most populous country in the world, with over 1.21 billion people , more than a sixth of the world's population. Already containing 17.5% of the world's population, India is projected to be the world's most populous country by 2025, surpassing...
of 1,359,054, roughly equal to the nation of Swaziland
Swaziland
Swaziland, officially the Kingdom of Swaziland , and sometimes called Ngwane or Swatini, is a landlocked country in Southern Africa, bordered to the north, south and west by South Africa, and to the east by Mozambique...
or the US state of Hawaii
Hawaii
Hawaii is the newest of the 50 U.S. states , and is the only U.S. state made up entirely of islands. It is the northernmost island group in Polynesia, occupying most of an archipelago in the central Pacific Ocean, southwest of the continental United States, southeast of Japan, and northeast of...
. This gives it a ranking of 358th in India (out of a total of 640
Districts of India
A district is an administrative division of an Indian state or territory. Districts are further subdivided, in some cases into Sub-Divisions, and otherwise directly into tehsils or talukas.District officials include:...
). The district has a population density of 958 PD/sqkm . Its population growth rate
Family planning in India
Family planning in India is based on efforts largely sponsored by the Indian government. In the 1965-2009 period, contraceptive usage has more than tripled and the fertility rate has more than halved , but the national fertility rate is still high enough to cause long-term population growth...
over the decade 2001-2011 was 19.45 %. Munger has a sex ratio
Sex ratio
Sex ratio is the ratio of males to females in a population. The primary sex ratio is the ratio at the time of conception, secondary sex ratio is the ratio at time of birth, and tertiary sex ratio is the ratio of mature organisms....
of 879 females
Women in India
The status of women in India has been subject to many great changes over the past few millennia. From equal status with men in ancient times through the low points of the medieval period, to the promotion of equal rights by many reformers, the history of women in India has been eventful...
for every 1000 males, and a literacy rate
Literacy in India
Literacy in India is key for socio-economic progress, and the Indian literacy rate grew to 74.04% in 2011 from 12% at the end of British rule in 1947. Although this was a greater than sixfold improvement, the level is well below the world average literacy rate of 84%, and India currently has the...
of 73.3 %.
Languages
Languages used in the district include AngikaAngika language
Angika is an Indo-Iranian language of the Anga region of India, a 58,000 km² area approx. that falls within the states of Bihar, Jharkhand and West Bengal....
, an Indo-Aryan
Indo-Aryan languages
The Indo-Aryan languages constitutes a branch of the Indo-Iranian languages, itself a branch of the Indo-European language family...
language written in the Devanagari script and spoken by at least 725 000 people in the Angika Region
Angika Region
Angika region comprises the following districts in the eastern part of India.Eastern & North-Eastern BiharNorth-Eastern JharkhandNorth-central West BengalAngika is the mother-tongue of people of this area and is closely related to Bangla language....
.