Marie Anne of Portugal
Encyclopedia
Infanta Maria Ana of Portugal (or of Beja or Braganza), Grand Duchess of Luxembourg, (Schloss Bronnbach 13 July 1861 – New York City
, New York
, 31 July 1942) was a Portuguese
infanta and Grand Duchess consort of Luxembourg and its Regent
. She was a House of Braganza
member.
, Baden-Württemberg
, West Germany
, Infanta Marie Anne (or Maria Ana) was the fifth child and second-youngest daughter of deposed king Miguel I of Portugal and his consort Adelaide of Löwenstein-Wertheim-Rosenberg
. As such, she was titled and styled from birth as an Infanta of Portugal. At the time of her birth, her father had been exiled, and the family lived as guests in the Austrian-Hungarian empire.
In spite of their straitened circumstances, the daughters of Miguel I made good marriages, some to reigning monarchs and deposed heads of Roman Catholic European dynasties.
, to the Protestant Guillaume IV, Grand Duke of Luxembourg
(1852–1912), Hereditary Prince of the Grand Duchy
of Luxembourg
, the eldest child and heir of Adolphe, Grand Duke of Luxembourg
, head of the House of Nassau
. It was agreed that the children would be raised in their mother's Catholic faith, because that was the religion of the overwhelming majority of Luxembourg's population.
The couple had six daughters and no sons.
Guillaume became the reigning Grand Duke on the death of his father on 17 November 1905, and Maria Ana became the Grand Duchess, under the French version of her name, Marie Anne.
Because Guillaume IV, Grand Duke of Luxembourg
was the last agnate of the House of Nassau, he declared his daughters as his successors, and Marie-Adelaide was confirmed and proclaimed Heir Apparent
on 10 July 1907. Upon her father's death, she became the first reigning Grand Duchess of Luxembourg. Following her abdication on 14 January 1919, her sister, the second daughter, Charlotte of Luxembourg, succeeded her on the throne.
Grand Duchess Marie Anne was Regent for her husband during his terminal illness from 19 November 1908 to 15 February 1912, and then Regent for her daughter, Grand Duchess Marie-Adélaïde, during her minority from 25 February 1912 to 18 June 1912.
Dowager Grand Duchess Marie Anne died in exile in New York on 31 July 1942, the family having fled Germany because of World War II
.
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New York City
New York is the most populous city in the United States and the center of the New York Metropolitan Area, one of the most populous metropolitan areas in the world. New York exerts a significant impact upon global commerce, finance, media, art, fashion, research, technology, education, and...
, New York
New York
New York is a state in the Northeastern region of the United States. It is the nation's third most populous state. New York is bordered by New Jersey and Pennsylvania to the south, and by Connecticut, Massachusetts and Vermont to the east...
, 31 July 1942) was a Portuguese
Portugal
Portugal , officially the Portuguese Republic is a country situated in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula. Portugal is the westernmost country of Europe, and is bordered by the Atlantic Ocean to the West and South and by Spain to the North and East. The Atlantic archipelagos of the...
infanta and Grand Duchess consort of Luxembourg and its Regent
Regent
A regent, from the Latin regens "one who reigns", is a person selected to act as head of state because the ruler is a minor, not present, or debilitated. Currently there are only two ruling Regencies in the world, sovereign Liechtenstein and the Malaysian constitutive state of Terengganu...
. She was a House of Braganza
House of Braganza
The Most Serene House of Braganza , an important Portuguese noble family, ruled the Kingdom of Portugal and its colonial Empire, from 1640 to 1910...
member.
Family
Born at Schloss Bronnbach in Bronnbach, Wertheim am MainWertheim am Main
Wertheim is a town in southwestern Germany, in the state of Baden-Württemberg with a population of 24,202. It is located on the confluence of the rivers Tauber and Main.It is known for its wine, castle and medieval town centre.-Geography:...
, Baden-Württemberg
Baden-Württemberg
Baden-Württemberg is one of the 16 states of Germany. Baden-Württemberg is in the southwestern part of the country to the east of the Upper Rhine, and is the third largest in both area and population of Germany's sixteen states, with an area of and 10.7 million inhabitants...
, West Germany
West Germany
West Germany is the common English, but not official, name for the Federal Republic of Germany or FRG in the period between its creation in May 1949 to German reunification on 3 October 1990....
, Infanta Marie Anne (or Maria Ana) was the fifth child and second-youngest daughter of deposed king Miguel I of Portugal and his consort Adelaide of Löwenstein-Wertheim-Rosenberg
Adelaide of Löwenstein-Wertheim-Rosenberg
Princess Adelaide of Löwenstein-Wertheim-Rosenberg was the wife of King Miguel of Portugal but only following his deposition. As a widow, she secured advantageous marriages for their six daughters.-Family:...
. As such, she was titled and styled from birth as an Infanta of Portugal. At the time of her birth, her father had been exiled, and the family lived as guests in the Austrian-Hungarian empire.
In spite of their straitened circumstances, the daughters of Miguel I made good marriages, some to reigning monarchs and deposed heads of Roman Catholic European dynasties.
Marriage and children
Infanta Maria Ana was married on 21 June 1893 at Schloss Fischhorn, Zell am SeeZell am See
Zell am See is the capital city of the Zell am See district in the Austrian state of Salzburg. The city has about 10,000 inhabitants.Zell am See is a tourist destination and a transportation hub for the region...
, to the Protestant Guillaume IV, Grand Duke of Luxembourg
Guillaume IV, Grand Duke of Luxembourg
William IV, Grand Duke of Luxembourg reigned as the sovereign Grand Duke of Luxembourg from 17 November 1905 until his death. He succeeded his father, Adolphe, Grand Duke of Luxembourg. He also held the titular title of Duke of Nassau.William IV was a Protestant, the religion of the House of Nassau...
(1852–1912), Hereditary Prince of the Grand Duchy
Grand duchy
A grand duchy, sometimes referred to as a grand dukedom, is a territory whose head of state is a monarch, either a grand duke or grand duchess.Today Luxembourg is the only remaining grand duchy...
of Luxembourg
Luxembourg
Luxembourg , officially the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg , is a landlocked country in western Europe, bordered by Belgium, France, and Germany. It has two principal regions: the Oesling in the North as part of the Ardennes massif, and the Gutland in the south...
, the eldest child and heir of Adolphe, Grand Duke of Luxembourg
Adolphe, Grand Duke of Luxembourg
Adolphe I, Grand Duke of Luxembourg was the last Duke of Nassau, and the fourth Grand Duke of Luxembourg.-Biography:...
, head of the House of Nassau
House of Nassau
The House of Nassau is a diversified aristocratic dynasty in Europe. It is named after the lordship associated with Nassau Castle, located in present-day Nassau, Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. The lords of Nassau were originally titled Count of Nassau, then elevated to the princely class as...
. It was agreed that the children would be raised in their mother's Catholic faith, because that was the religion of the overwhelming majority of Luxembourg's population.
The couple had six daughters and no sons.
- Marie-Adélaïde, Grand Duchess of Luxembourg (1894–1924) who remained unmarried and childless
- Charlotte, Grand Duchess of LuxembourgCharlotte, Grand Duchess of LuxembourgCharlotte, Grand Duchess of Luxembourg was the reigning Grand Duchess of Luxembourg from 1919 to 1964.-Early life and life as Grand Duchess:...
(1896–1985) who married her first cousin Prince Felix of Bourbon-Parma, a son of Marie Anne's younger sister. - Princess Hilda Sophie Marie Adélaïde Wilhelmine (Berg CastleBerg CastleBerg Castle , also called Colmar-Berg, is the principal residence of the Grand Duke of Luxembourg. It is situated in the town of Colmar-Berg, in central Luxembourg, near the confluence of the Alzette and the Attert, two of Luxembourg's most important rivers.-History:The estate at Colmar-Berg first...
, 15 February 1897 - Berg CastleBerg CastleBerg Castle , also called Colmar-Berg, is the principal residence of the Grand Duke of Luxembourg. It is situated in the town of Colmar-Berg, in central Luxembourg, near the confluence of the Alzette and the Attert, two of Luxembourg's most important rivers.-History:The estate at Colmar-Berg first...
, 8 September 1979), married in Berg CastleBerg CastleBerg Castle , also called Colmar-Berg, is the principal residence of the Grand Duke of Luxembourg. It is situated in the town of Colmar-Berg, in central Luxembourg, near the confluence of the Alzette and the Attert, two of Luxembourg's most important rivers.-History:The estate at Colmar-Berg first...
on 29 October 1930 Adolf 10te Fürst zu Schwarzenberg (FrauenbergFrauenbergFrauenberg may refer to:* Frauenberg, Rhineland-Palatinate, in Germany* Frauenberg, Austria, in Austria* Frauenberg, Moselle, a commune of the Moselle department in France* Hluboká nad Vltavou, a town in South Bohemia, known as Frauenberg in German...
, 18 August 1890 - BordigheraBordigheraBordighera is a town and comune in the Province of Imperia, Liguria .-History:The city was founded around the 4th century BC by the Ligures....
, 27 February 1950), without issue - Princess Antonia (1899–1954), who married Crown Prince Rupprecht of Bavaria as his second wife
- Princess Elisabeth Marie WilhelminePrincess Elisabeth of Luxembourg (1901–1950)Princess Elisabeth Marie Wilhelmine of Luxembourg, full French name: Elisabeth Marie Wilhelmine de Nassau-Weilburg, Princesse de Luxembourg was a member of the House of Nassau-Weilburg and a Princess of Luxembourg by birth and a member of the House of Thurn...
(LuxembourgLuxembourg (city)The city of Luxembourg , also known as Luxembourg City , is a commune with city status, and the capital of the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg. It is located at the confluence of the Alzette and Pétrusse Rivers in southern Luxembourg...
, 7 March 1901 - Schloss Hohenburg, 2 August 1950), married in Schloss Hohenburg on 14 November 1922 Prince Ludwig Philipp of Thurn and TaxisPrince Ludwig Philipp of Thurn and TaxisPrince Ludwig Philipp Maria Friedrich Joseph Maximilian Antonius Ignatius Lamoral of Thurn and Taxis, full German name: Ludwig Philipp Maria Friedrich Joseph Maximilian Antonius Ignatius Lamoral, Prinz von Thurn und Taxis, also Louis Philippe was a...
(RegensburgRegensburgRegensburg is a city in Bavaria, Germany, located at the confluence of the Danube and Regen rivers, at the northernmost bend in the Danube. To the east lies the Bavarian Forest. Regensburg is the capital of the Bavarian administrative region Upper Palatinate...
, 2 February 1901 - Schloss Niederaichbach, 22 April 1933), son of Albert I, Prince of Thurn and TaxisAlbert I, Prince of Thurn and TaxisAlbert Maria Joseph Maximilian Lamoral, Prince of Thurn and Taxis, full German name: Albert Maria Joseph Maximilian Lamoral Fürst von Thurn und Taxis was the eighth Prince of Thurn and Taxis and Head of the Princely House of Thurn and Taxis from 2 June 1885 until his death on 22...
, and had issue - Princess Sophie Caroline Marie WilhelminePrincess Sophie of LuxembourgPrincess Sophie of Luxembourg was a Princess of Luxembourg by birth and a Princess of Saxony by marriage. Sophie was the sixth and youngest daughter of William IV, Grand Duke of Luxembourg and his wife Infanta Marie Anne of Portugal...
(Berg CastleBerg CastleBerg Castle , also called Colmar-Berg, is the principal residence of the Grand Duke of Luxembourg. It is situated in the town of Colmar-Berg, in central Luxembourg, near the confluence of the Alzette and the Attert, two of Luxembourg's most important rivers.-History:The estate at Colmar-Berg first...
, 14 February 1902 - MunichMunichMunich The city's motto is "" . Before 2006, it was "Weltstadt mit Herz" . Its native name, , is derived from the Old High German Munichen, meaning "by the monks' place". The city's name derives from the monks of the Benedictine order who founded the city; hence the monk depicted on the city's coat...
, 24 May 1941), married at Schloss Hohenburg on 12 April 1921 Prince Ernst Heinrich of SaxonyPrince Ernst Heinrich of SaxonyPrince Ernst Heinrich of Saxony, Duke of Saxony was a member of the Saxon Royal Family. Ernst Heinrich was the youngest son of the last Saxon monarch Frederick Augustus III and his wife Archduchess Luise of Austria, Princess of Tuscany...
(DresdenDresdenDresden is the capital city of the Free State of Saxony in Germany. It is situated in a valley on the River Elbe, near the Czech border. The Dresden conurbation is part of the Saxon Triangle metropolitan area....
, 9 December 1896 - Coolamber, IrelandIrelandIreland is an island to the northwest of continental Europe. It is the third-largest island in Europe and the twentieth-largest island on Earth...
, 14 June 1971), youngest son of king Frederick Augustus III of SaxonyFrederick Augustus III of SaxonyThis article is about King Frederick Augustus III of Saxony. For the elector Frederick Augustus III, see Frederick Augustus I of Saxony.Frederick Augustus III was the last King of Saxony and a member of the House of Wettin.Born in Dresden, Frederick Augustus was the son of King George of Saxony...
, and had issue
Guillaume became the reigning Grand Duke on the death of his father on 17 November 1905, and Maria Ana became the Grand Duchess, under the French version of her name, Marie Anne.
Because Guillaume IV, Grand Duke of Luxembourg
Guillaume IV, Grand Duke of Luxembourg
William IV, Grand Duke of Luxembourg reigned as the sovereign Grand Duke of Luxembourg from 17 November 1905 until his death. He succeeded his father, Adolphe, Grand Duke of Luxembourg. He also held the titular title of Duke of Nassau.William IV was a Protestant, the religion of the House of Nassau...
was the last agnate of the House of Nassau, he declared his daughters as his successors, and Marie-Adelaide was confirmed and proclaimed Heir Apparent
Heir apparent
An heir apparent or heiress apparent is a person who is first in line of succession and cannot be displaced from inheriting, except by a change in the rules of succession....
on 10 July 1907. Upon her father's death, she became the first reigning Grand Duchess of Luxembourg. Following her abdication on 14 January 1919, her sister, the second daughter, Charlotte of Luxembourg, succeeded her on the throne.
Grand Duchess Marie Anne was Regent for her husband during his terminal illness from 19 November 1908 to 15 February 1912, and then Regent for her daughter, Grand Duchess Marie-Adélaïde, during her minority from 25 February 1912 to 18 June 1912.
Dowager Grand Duchess Marie Anne died in exile in New York on 31 July 1942, the family having fled Germany because of World War II
World War II
World War II, or the Second World War , was a global conflict lasting from 1939 to 1945, involving most of the world's nations—including all of the great powers—eventually forming two opposing military alliances: the Allies and the Axis...
.
Titles and styles
- 13 July 1861 – 21 June 1893: Her Royal Highness Infanta Maria Ana of Portugal, Princess of Braganza
- 21 June 1893 – 17 November 1905: Her Royal Highness The Hereditary Grand Duchess of Luxembourg
- 17 November 1905 – 25 February 1912: Her Royal Highness The Grand Duchess of Luxembourg
- 25 February 1912 – 31 July 1942: Her Royal Highness The Dowager Grand Duchess of Luxembourg
Ancestry
External links
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