List of National Historic Sites of Canada in New Brunswick
Encyclopedia
This is a list of National Historic Sites of Canada in the province
of New Brunswick
. There are 60 National Historic Sites designated in New Brunswick, of which 8 are administered by Parks Canada
.
This list uses names designated by the Historic Sites and Monuments Board of Canada, which may differ from other names for these sites.
Provinces and territories of Canada
The provinces and territories of Canada combine to make up the world's second-largest country by area. There are ten provinces and three territories...
of New Brunswick
New Brunswick
New Brunswick is one of Canada's three Maritime provinces and is the only province in the federation that is constitutionally bilingual . The provincial capital is Fredericton and Saint John is the most populous city. Greater Moncton is the largest Census Metropolitan Area...
. There are 60 National Historic Sites designated in New Brunswick, of which 8 are administered by Parks Canada
Parks Canada
Parks Canada , also known as the Parks Canada Agency , is an agency of the Government of Canada mandated to protect and present nationally significant natural and cultural heritage, and foster public understanding, appreciation, and enjoyment in ways that ensure their ecological and commemorative...
.
This list uses names designated by the Historic Sites and Monuments Board of Canada, which may differ from other names for these sites.
National Historic Sites
- 1 Chipman Hill – Fine residence with interior mural painting
- Sir Howard Douglas HallSir Howard Douglas HallSir Howard Douglas Hall, commonly referred to as "The Old Arts Building" is the oldest university building still in use in Canada, completed in 1827. The building is located on the Fredericton campus of the University of New Brunswick. The lobby of the building resembles a small museum due to the...
– Oldest extant university building in Canada, 1826–27 - Augustine Mound – Pre-contact burial mound
- Beaubears Island ShipbuildingBeaubears IslandBeaubears Island is an island at the confluence of the Northwest Miramichi and Southwest Miramichi Rivers near Miramichi, New Brunswick. The island is most famous for being the site of an Acadian refugee camp during the French and Indian War. The camp was under the command of leader of the Acadian...
– Archaeological site associated with nineteenth-century shipbuildingShipbuildingShipbuilding is the construction of ships and floating vessels. It normally takes place in a specialized facility known as a shipyard. Shipbuilders, also called shipwrights, follow a specialized occupation that traces its roots to before recorded history.Shipbuilding and ship repairs, both... - Belmont House / R. Wilmot Home – Home of politician and Father of Confederation, Robert Duncan WilmotRobert Duncan WilmotRobert Duncan Wilmot, PC was a Canadian politician and a Father of Confederation.- Biography :Wilmot was born in Fredericton, New Brunswick, but moved to Saint John with his family at around the age of five, and there he was educated. His father, John McNeil Wilmot, was a big tank and shipowner...
, circa 1820 - BoishébertBeaubears IslandBeaubears Island is an island at the confluence of the Northwest Miramichi and Southwest Miramichi Rivers near Miramichi, New Brunswick. The island is most famous for being the site of an Acadian refugee camp during the French and Indian War. The camp was under the command of leader of the Acadian...
– Acadian refugee settlement, 1756–59 - Carleton Martello TowerCarleton Martello TowerCarleton Martello Tower in Saint John, New Brunswick, is one of the nine surviving Martello Towers in Canada. The tower dates from the War of 1812 and had military significance in conflicts up until the Second World War. The site now features a restored powder magazine, a restored barracks room,...
– Fortification built to defend Saint JohnSaint John, New BrunswickCity of Saint John , or commonly Saint John, is the largest city in the province of New Brunswick, and the first incorporated city in Canada. The city is situated along the north shore of the Bay of Fundy at the mouth of the Saint John River. In 2006 the city proper had a population of 74,043...
during War of 1812War of 1812The War of 1812 was a military conflict fought between the forces of the United States of America and those of the British Empire. The Americans declared war in 1812 for several reasons, including trade restrictions because of Britain's ongoing war with France, impressment of American merchant...
. Designated: 1930 Location: St. John 45.252091, -66.075983 - Chandler House / Rocklyn – Fine Neoclassical residence of politician and Father of Confederation, Edward Barron ChandlerEdward Barron ChandlerEdward Barron Chandler was a New Brunswick politician and lawyer from a United Empire Loyalist family. He was one of the Fathers of Confederation....
- Charlotte County Court HouseCharlotte County ArchivesThe Charlotte County Archives collection reflects the social, political and economic history of Charlotte County, New Brunswick. Collections date back to the 18th century, and include thousands of original documents reflecting various individuals, groups, and businesses who have contributed to the...
– Fine early example of Maritime court house - Christ Church Anglican – Archetypal Gothic Revival parish church, 1856
- Christ Church CathedralChrist Church Cathedral (Fredericton)Christ Church Cathedral is the cathedral church located in Fredericton, New Brunswick, the see city. Construction on the cathedral began in 1845. It was officially opened in 1853. The "Gothic Revival" style cathedral is modelled after St. Mary's Church, Snettisham, Norfolk.G. Ernest Fairweather ...
– Exceptional example of Gothic Revival style, built in 1845 - Connell HouseCharles Connell HouseThe Charles Connell House is the present name of the residence of the Hon. Charles Connell . It is located at 128 Connell Street, Woodstock, New Brunswick, Canada. The house was designated a National Historic Sites of Canada in 1975.- History :...
– Greek Revival style residence of Charles ConnellCharles ConnellCharles Connell was a Canadian politician, now remembered mainly for placing his image on a 5-cent postage stamp...
, lumber merchant and politician; circa 1840 - Denys Fort / Habitation – 17th century French trading post
- Fort Beauséjour – Fort CumberlandFort BeauséjourFort Beauséjour, was built during Father Le Loutre's War from 1751-1755; it is located at the Isthmus of Chignecto in present-day Aulac, New Brunswick, Canada...
– Remnants of 1750–51 French fort; captured by British and New England troops in 1755. Designated: 1920 Location: Aulac 45.864581,-64.291561 - Fort Charnisay – Site of French fort, 1645
- Fort GaspareauxFort GaspareauxFort Gaspareaux was a French fort at the head of Baie Verte near the mouth of the Gaspareaux River and just southeast of the modern village of Port Elgin, New Brunswick, Canada, on the Isthmus of Chignecto...
– Military ruins and cemetery of 1751 French fort. Designated: 1920 Location: Port Elgin 46.042889,-64.07075 - Fort HoweFort HoweFort Howe was built during the American Revolution shortly after the American Siege of Saint John to protect Saint John from further American raids. The 18th and 19th century British Army fortification is built in present-day New Brunswick, Canada at the mouth of the Saint John River where it...
– Built 1777 to defend the Saint John River from U.S. attack. This was the nation's first National Historic Site, designated a "National Historic Park" in 1914. It was once in the National Park System, then returned to the City of Saint JohnSaint John, New BrunswickCity of Saint John , or commonly Saint John, is the largest city in the province of New Brunswick, and the first incorporated city in Canada. The city is situated along the north shore of the Bay of Fundy at the mouth of the Saint John River. In 2006 the city proper had a population of 74,043...
. - Fort Jemseg – Site of 1659 English post, captured by Dutch in 1674
- Fort La TourCharles de Saint-Étienne de la TourCharles de Saint-Étienne de la Tour, the French King's appointed Governor of Acadia from 1631–1642 and again from 1653–1657, was born in France in 1593 and died at Cap de Sable in 1666...
– Site of French fort, 1631 - Fort Nashwaak (Naxoat)Nashwaak RiverThe Nashwaak River located in west-central New Brunswick, Canada; is a tributary of the Saint John River. It is 113 kilometres long. The river rises from Nashwaak Lake and flows south and east through uninhabited land and rapids to the village of Stanley...
– Site of French fort, 1692–98 - Fort NerepisFort BoishebertFort Boishébert is a National Historic Site located at modern day Woodmans Point in the town of Grand Bay–Westfield, Kings County, New Brunswick, Canada. Located at the confluence of the Saint John River and Nerepis rivers, the fort may have had its origins as a fortified aboriginal village...
– Site of 1749 French fort on aboriginal site, Fort BoishebertFort BoishebertFort Boishébert is a National Historic Site located at modern day Woodmans Point in the town of Grand Bay–Westfield, Kings County, New Brunswick, Canada. Located at the confluence of the Saint John River and Nerepis rivers, the fort may have had its origins as a fortified aboriginal village... - Fredericton City Hall – Multi-functional municipal hall, 1875–76
- Fredericton Military Compound – Important grouping of British Colonial military buildings
- Free Meeting House – Meeting house, symbol of ecumenical spirit, built in 1821
- Greenock Church – Fine Palladian style meeting house, 1821–24
- Hammond House (Sackville) – Fine example of Queen Anne Revival style, 1899
- Hartland Covered BridgeHartland BridgeThe Hartland Bridge in Hartland, New Brunswick, is the world's longest covered bridge, at long. It crosses the Saint John River from Hartland to Somerville in Canada. The framework consists of seven small Howe Truss bridges joined together on six piers....
– Longest extant covered bridgeCovered bridgeA covered bridge is a bridge with enclosed sides and a roof, often accommodating only a single lane of traffic. Most covered bridges are wooden; some newer ones are concrete or metal with glass sides...
in the world - Imperial TheatreImperial Theatre, Saint JohnThe Imperial Theatre, in Saint John, New Brunswick, was designed by Philadelphia architect Albert Westover and built in 1912 by the Imperial Theatre by the Keith-Albee-Orpheum Corporation vaudeville chain of New York City and their Canadian subsidiary, the Saint John Amusements Company Ltd...
– Grand playhouse / vaudevilleVaudevilleVaudeville was a theatrical genre of variety entertainment in the United States and Canada from the early 1880s until the early 1930s. Each performance was made up of a series of separate, unrelated acts grouped together on a common bill...
theatre, 1912–23 - La Coupe Dry Dock – Site may represent 18th century AcadianAcadianThe Acadians are the descendants of the 17th-century French colonists who settled in Acadia . Acadia was a colony of New France...
construction. Designated: 1933 Location: Aulac 45.863594, -64.274837 - Landing of United Empire Loyalists in New Brunswick – Three separate fleets of ships carrying LoyalistsUnited Empire LoyalistsThe name United Empire Loyalists is an honorific given after the fact to those American Loyalists who resettled in British North America and other British Colonies as an act of fealty to King George III after the British defeat in the American Revolutionary War and prior to the Treaty of Paris...
from New England, 1783 - Loyalist House – New England-influenced architecture; residence built circa 1820
- Marine Hospital – Oldest surviving marine hospital in Canada, Miramichi, 1830–31
- Marysville Cotton Mill – Typical late 19th century textile mill
- Marysville Historic DistrictMarysville, New BrunswickMarysville is a Canadian suburban neighbourhood in the city of Fredericton, New Brunswick.Located in the northeast end of the city, Marysville is situated on the Nashwaak River 5 kilometres north of its confluence with the Saint John River...
– Important intact 19th century company town - McAdam Railway Station (Canadian Pacific) – Large Château style railway station, 1900
- Meductic Indian Village / Fort Meductic – Principal Maliseet settlement
- Minister's IslandMinister's IslandMinisters Island is an historic Canadian island in New Brunswick's Passamaquoddy Bay near the town of St. Andrews.The island stands several hundred metres offshore immediately northeast of the town and is a geographical novelty in that it is accessible at low tide by a wide gravel bar suitable for...
– Cultural landscape; seasonal estate begun in the late 19th century by Sir William Van Horne - Minister's Island Pre-contact Sites – Pre-contact shell middenMiddenA midden, is an old dump for domestic waste which may consist of animal bone, human excrement, botanical material, vermin, shells, sherds, lithics , and other artifacts and ecofacts associated with past human occupation...
, 500 BC - 1500 AD - Miscou Island Lighthouse – Strategic Baie des Chaleurs octagonal colonial lighthouseLighthouseA lighthouse is a tower, building, or other type of structure designed to emit light from a system of lamps and lenses or, in older times, from a fire, and used as an aid to navigation for maritime pilots at sea or on inland waterways....
- Monument LefebvreMonument LefebvreMonument–Lefebvre National Historic Site is an imposing rusticated sandstone building in Memramcook, New Brunswick. It was designated a National Historic Site of Canada in 1994 by the Historic Sites and Monuments Board of Canada, as a memorial to Father Camille Lefebvre, who established...
– Multi-function building, symbol of Acadian cultural revival. Designated: 1994 Location: Memramcook 45.979389, -64.566661 - Number 2 Mechanics' Volunteer Company Engine House – 19th century Neoclassical style fire hall for hand-operated pumper fire engines, 1840s
- Old Government House – Georgian-era vice-regal residence, 1826–28
- Oxbow – Well-preserved, 3000-year archaeological record
- Partridge Island Quarantine StationPartridge Island, New BrunswickPartridge Island is a Canadian island located in the Bay of Fundy off the coast of New Brunswick on the west side of the mouth of the Saint John River and Saint John Harbour.The island is designated as both a national and provincial historic site...
– Established 1830 to prevent spread of smallpoxSmallpoxSmallpox was an infectious disease unique to humans, caused by either of two virus variants, Variola major and Variola minor. The disease is also known by the Latin names Variola or Variola vera, which is a derivative of the Latin varius, meaning "spotted", or varus, meaning "pimple"... - Prince William Streetscape – Important late 19th century architecture, commercial streetscape
- Rothesay Railway Station (European and North American)Rothesay Railway Station (European and North American)The Rothesay Railway Station is one of the oldest standing railway stations in Canada, built between 1858 and 1860. It is a National Historic Site located in Rothesay, New Brunswick. The building offers an example of the standard station design of its era with its wooden two storey configuration...
– Example of standard design station, 1858–60 - Saint John City MarketSaint John City MarketThe Saint John City Market is the oldest continuing farmer's market in Canada, with a charter dating from 1785. Located in Saint John, New Brunswick and completed in 1876, the current market building has a unique roof structure that resembles an inverted ship's keel. Made of wooden trusses, the...
– Rare example of 19th century market building still in use; Second Empire style - Saint John County Court House – Early symbol of British colonial justice
- Seal Cove Smoked Herring Stands – HerringHerringHerring is an oily fish of the genus Clupea, found in the shallow, temperate waters of the North Pacific and the North Atlantic oceans, including the Baltic Sea. Three species of Clupea are recognized. The main taxa, the Atlantic herring and the Pacific herring may each be divided into subspecies...
stands and related structures in environment evocative of late 19th century Atlantic herring fishery - St. Andrews Blockhouse – Restored wooden blockhouseBlockhouseIn military science, a blockhouse is a small, isolated fort in the form of a single building. It serves as a defensive strong point against any enemy that does not possess siege equipment or, in modern times, artillery...
from War of 1812 - St. Andrews Historic District – Distinctive town with surviving 18th century British colonial plan and classically-inspired architecture
- St. Anne's Chapel of Ease – Early and excellent example of Gothic Revival chapel, 1846–47
- St. John's Anglican Church / Stone Church – One of earliest Gothic Revival churches in Canada, 1824–25
- St. Luke's Anglican Church – Fine Vernacular Wren-Gibbsian church, 1831–33
- St. Paul's United Church – Fine High Victorian Gothic church, 1886
- St. Stephen Post Office – Early symbol of federal government presence
- Tilley House – Boyhood home of Sir Samuel Leonard TilleySamuel Leonard TilleySir Samuel Leonard Tilley, PC, KCMG was a Canadian politician and one of the Fathers of Confederation. Tilley was descended from United Empire Loyalists on both sides of his family...
, Father of Confederation, built 1790s - Tonge's Island – Capital of Acadia, 1678–84
- Trinity Church and Rectory, New Brunswick – Oldest Anglican church and rectory in New Brunswick, 1787–89
- William Brydone Jack Observatory – First astronomical observatory in Canada, 1851
- York County Court HouseYork County Court HouseThe York County Court House is a major court in Toronto, Canada located behind Osgoode Hall. It was built in 1967 at 393 University Avenue north of Queen Street West. It was the York County Courts from 1967 to 1980, then for Toronto since 1980...
– Early brick court house
See also
- History of New BrunswickHistory of New BrunswickNew Brunswick , is one of the three Maritime provinces in Canada, and the only officially bilingual province in the country...