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The name United Empire Loyalists is a honorific name which has been given after the fact to those American Loyalists
Loyalist (American Revolution)

Loyalists were Thirteen Colonies who remained loyal to the Kingdom of Great Britain during and after the American Revolutionary War. They were often referred to as Tories, Royalists, or King's Men by the Patriot , those that supported the American cause....
 who resettled in British North America
British North America

British North America consisted of the colonies and territories of the British Empire in continental North America after the end of the American Revolutionary War and the recognition of United States ....
 and other British Colonies as an act of fealty
Fealty

An oath of fealty, from the Latin fidelitas , is a pledge of allegiance of one person to another. Typically the oath is made upon a religious object such as a Bible or saint relic, thus binding the oath-taker before God.thus had to swear the oath....
 to King George III
George III of the United Kingdom

George III was Kingdom of Great Britain and Kingdom of Ireland from 25 October 1760 until the union of these two countries on 1 January 1801, after which he was King of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland until his death....
 after the British
Kingdom of Great Britain

The Kingdom of Great Britain, also known as the United Kingdom of Great Britain, was a country in North-West Europe, in existence from 1707 to 1801....
 defeat in the American Revolutionary War
American Revolutionary War

The American Revolutionary War , also known as the American War of Independence, began as a war between the Kingdom of Great Britain and Thirteen Colonies on the North America, and ended in a global war between several European great powers....
 and prior to the Treaty of Paris
Treaty of Paris (1783)

The Treaty of Paris, signed on September 3, 1783, ratified by the Congress of the Confederation on January 14, 1784 and by the King of Great Britain on April 9, 1784 , formally ended the American Revolutionary War between the Kingdom of Great Britain and United States, which had rebelled against British rule starting in 1775....
. Some sought to recover fortunes (land and private property) lost under laws enacted by the Continental Congress
Continental Congress

The Continental Congress was a convention of delegates from the Thirteen Colonies that became the governing body of the United States during the American Revolution....
 as a way of financing the revolution. Most, however, are believed to have gone north because the British offered them free land, or because they rejected the republican ideals of the American Revolution, which they regarded as anarchistic.






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The name United Empire Loyalists is a honorific name which has been given after the fact to those American Loyalists
Loyalist (American Revolution)

Loyalists were Thirteen Colonies who remained loyal to the Kingdom of Great Britain during and after the American Revolutionary War. They were often referred to as Tories, Royalists, or King's Men by the Patriot , those that supported the American cause....
 who resettled in British North America
British North America

British North America consisted of the colonies and territories of the British Empire in continental North America after the end of the American Revolutionary War and the recognition of United States ....
 and other British Colonies as an act of fealty
Fealty

An oath of fealty, from the Latin fidelitas , is a pledge of allegiance of one person to another. Typically the oath is made upon a religious object such as a Bible or saint relic, thus binding the oath-taker before God.thus had to swear the oath....
 to King George III
George III of the United Kingdom

George III was Kingdom of Great Britain and Kingdom of Ireland from 25 October 1760 until the union of these two countries on 1 January 1801, after which he was King of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland until his death....
 after the British
Kingdom of Great Britain

The Kingdom of Great Britain, also known as the United Kingdom of Great Britain, was a country in North-West Europe, in existence from 1707 to 1801....
 defeat in the American Revolutionary War
American Revolutionary War

The American Revolutionary War , also known as the American War of Independence, began as a war between the Kingdom of Great Britain and Thirteen Colonies on the North America, and ended in a global war between several European great powers....
 and prior to the Treaty of Paris
Treaty of Paris (1783)

The Treaty of Paris, signed on September 3, 1783, ratified by the Congress of the Confederation on January 14, 1784 and by the King of Great Britain on April 9, 1784 , formally ended the American Revolutionary War between the Kingdom of Great Britain and United States, which had rebelled against British rule starting in 1775....
. Some sought to recover fortunes (land and private property) lost under laws enacted by the Continental Congress
Continental Congress

The Continental Congress was a convention of delegates from the Thirteen Colonies that became the governing body of the United States during the American Revolution....
 as a way of financing the revolution. Most, however, are believed to have gone north because the British offered them free land, or because they rejected the republican ideals of the American Revolution, which they regarded as anarchistic. A portion of the Loyalists were recent settlers in the 13 colonies
Thirteen Colonies

The Thirteen Colonies were part of what became known as British America, a name that was used by Great Britain until the Treaty of Paris recognized the independence of the original thirteen United States of America in 1783....
 and had few economic or social ties to leave. These Loyalists settled in what was initially Quebec
Quebec

Quebec , in French language, Qu?bec , is a Provinces and territories of Canada in the Central Canada and Eastern Canada regions of Canada....
 (including the Eastern Townships
Eastern Townships

The Eastern Townships is a historical region in south-eastern Quebec, lying between the former Seigneurial system of New France south of the Saint Lawrence River and the United States border....
) and modern-day Ontario
Ontario

Ontario is a Provinces and territories of Canada located in the Central Canada part of Canada, the largest by population and second largest, after Quebec, in total area....
, where they received land grants of two hundred acres per person, and in Nova Scotia
Nova Scotia

Nova Scotia is a Canadian Provinces and territories of Canada located on Canada's southeastern coast. It is the most populous province in Atlantic Canada....
 (including modern-day New Brunswick
New Brunswick

New Brunswick is one of Canada's three Maritime provinces and is the only Constitution of Canada bilingual province in the federation. The provincial capital is Fredericton....
). Their arrival marked the beginning of a predominantly English-speaking
English language

English is a West Germanic language that originated in Anglo-Saxon England and has lingua franca status in many parts of the world as a result of the military, economic, scientific, political and cultural influence of the British Empire in the 18th, 19th and early 20th centuries and that of the United States from the mid 20th century onwa...
 population in the future Canada
Canada

Canada is a country occupying most of northern North America, extending from the Atlantic Ocean in the east to the Pacific Ocean in the west and northward into the Arctic Ocean....
 west and east of the Quebec border. Many Loyalists brought their slaves with them because slavery was legal there
Slavery in Canada

Slavery in Canada was practiced for millennia by First Nations, who routinely captured slavery from neighbouring tribes.Chattel Slavery, also a form of hereditary slavery was established by European colonization and settlement of Canada during the 17th century....
. An imperial law in 1790 assured prospective immigrants to Canada that their slaves would remain their property. However some black Loyalists were free and they arrived too.

Origins

During the American Revolution, a significant proportion of the population of New York
New York

The State of New York is a U.S. state in the Mid-Atlantic States and Northeastern United States regions of the United States and is the nation's List of U.S....
, Pennsylvania
Pennsylvania

The Commonwealth of Pennsylvania , often colloquially referred to as PA by natives and Northeasterners, is a U.S. state located in the Northeastern United States and Mid-Atlantic States regions of the United States....
, Virginia
Virginia

The Commonwealth of Virginia is an United States U.S. state on the East Coast of the United States of the Southern United States. The state is known as the "Old Dominion" and sometimes as "Mother of Presidents", because it is the birthplace of Lists of United States Presidents by place of birth#By state....
, North Carolina
North Carolina

North Carolina is a U.S. state located on the Atlantic Seaboard in the southeastern United States. The state borders South Carolina and Georgia to the south, Tennessee to the west and Virginia to the north....
, Georgia
Georgia (U.S. state)

Georgia is a U.S. state in the United States and was one of the original Thirteen Colonies that revolted against United Kingdom rule in the American Revolution....
, East Florida
East Florida

East Florida was originally a part of Spanish Florida. Under the terms of the Treaty of Paris , which ended the Seven Years' War, Spain ceded all of its territory east and southeast of the Mississippi River to the Kingdom of Great Britain....
, West Florida
West Florida

West Florida was a region on the north shore of the Gulf of Mexico, which underwent several boundary and sovereignty changes during its history....
 and other colonies remained loyal to the Crown, and later chose to flee to the protection of their King, within the British Empire. The reasons were as varied as the people themselves, but the overriding principle was loyalty to the King, and unwillingness to rebel against the Crown. Leaving as refugees had more to do with their place, property and security in a new country after the Revolution, in a well-armed population hostile to the King and his loyal subjects.

Refugees, later called United Empire Loyalists, began leaving at the end of the war whenever transport was available, at considerable loss of property and transfer of wealth. An estimated 70,000 left the thirteen newly independent states, representing about 3% of the total American population, of which 20-30% had supported the Crown during the American War for Independence. Approximately 62,000 were White and 8,000 Black; 46,000 went to Canada, 7,000 to Britain and 17,000 to the Caribbean. Beginning in the mid-1780s and lasting until the end of the century, some returned from the Caribbean and Nova Scotia.

Following the end of the Revolution and the signing of the Treaty of Paris
Treaty of Paris (1783)

The Treaty of Paris, signed on September 3, 1783, ratified by the Congress of the Confederation on January 14, 1784 and by the King of Great Britain on April 9, 1784 , formally ended the American Revolutionary War between the Kingdom of Great Britain and United States, which had rebelled against British rule starting in 1775....
 in 1783, Loyalist soldiers and civilians were evacuated from New York
New York

The State of New York is a U.S. state in the Mid-Atlantic States and Northeastern United States regions of the United States and is the nation's List of U.S....
 and resettled in other colonies of the British Empire
British Empire

The British Empire comprised the dominions, Crown colony, protectorates, League of Nations mandate, and other Dependent territory ruled or administered by the United Kingdom , that had originated with the overseas colonies and trading posts established by England in the late 16th and early 17th centuries....
, most notably in the future Canada. The two colonies of Nova Scotia (including modern-day New Brunswick), received about 34,000 Loyalist refugees, Prince Edward Island
Prince Edward Island

Prince Edward Island is a Canada Provinces and territories of Canada consisting of an island of the same name. The Maritimes is the smallest in the nation in both land area and population ....
 2,000 and Quebec (including the Eastern Townships and modern-day Ontario) received some 10,000 refugees.

Accommodation


The arrival of the Loyalists after the war of independence (1783) led to the division of Canada into the provinces of Upper Canada
Upper Canada

The Province of Upper Canada was a British colony located in what is now the southern portion of the Province of Ontario in Canada. Upper Canada officially existed from 26 December 1791 to 10 February 1841 and generally comprised present-day Southern Ontario and, until 1797, the Upper Peninsula of what is now part of the U.S....
 (what is now southern Ontario
Ontario

Ontario is a Provinces and territories of Canada located in the Central Canada part of Canada, the largest by population and second largest, after Quebec, in total area....
) and Lower Canada
Lower Canada

The Province of Lower Canada was a British colonization of the Americas on the lower Saint Lawrence River and the shores of the Gulf of Saint Lawrence ....
 (what is now southern Quebec
Quebec

Quebec , in French language, Qu?bec , is a Provinces and territories of Canada in the Central Canada and Eastern Canada regions of Canada....
). The creation of Upper and Lower Canada allowed most Loyalists to live under British laws and institutions while the French-speaking population of Lower Canada could maintain French civil law and the Catholic religion.

Realizing the importance of some type of recognition, on November 9, 1789, Lord Dorchester, the governor of Quebec and Governor General
Governor-General

The term governor general or governor-general refers to a Viceroy representative of a Monarch in an independent realm or a major colonial circonscription....
 of British North America, declared "that it was his Wish to put the mark of Honour upon the Families who had adhered to the Unity of the Empire." As a result of Dorchester's statement, the printed militia rolls carried the notation:

Those Loyalists who have adhered to the Unity of the Empire, and joined the Royal Standard
Royal Standard

The Royal Standard of the United Kingdom is the flag used by Elizabeth II of the United Kingdom in her capacity as Sovereign of the United Kingdom....
 before the Treaty of Separation in the year 1783, and all their Children and their Descendants by either sex, are to be distinguished by the following Capitals, affixed to their names: U.E. Alluding to their great principle The Unity of the Empire.


Some of the richest and most prominent Loyalists went to Britain
Kingdom of Great Britain

The Kingdom of Great Britain, also known as the United Kingdom of Great Britain, was a country in North-West Europe, in existence from 1707 to 1801....
 to rebuild their lives, and many received pensions. Southern Loyalists, some even taking along their slaves, went to the West Indies and the Bahamas, particularly to the Abaco Islands
Abaco Islands

The Abaco Islands lie in the northern Bahamas and comprise the main islands of Great Abaco and Little Abaco, together with the smaller Wood Cay, Elbow Cay, Lubbers Quarters Cay, Green Turtle Cay, Great Guana Cay, Castaway Cay, Man-o-War Cay, Stranger's Cay, Umbrella Cay, Great Stirrup Cay, Walker's Cay, Moore's Island, and Sandy Point....
.

Thousands of Iroquois and other pro-British Native Americans
First Nations

First Nations is a term of ethnicity that refers to the Aboriginal peoples in Canada who are neither Inuit nor M?tis people....
 were expelled from New York and other states and resettled in Canada. The descendants of one such group of Iroquois
Iroquois

The Iroquois Confederacy is a group of First Nations/Native Americans in the United States that originally consisted of five nations: the Mohawk nation, the Oneida tribe, the Onondaga , the Cayuga nation, and the Seneca nation....
, led by Joseph Brant Thayendenegea
Joseph Brant

Thayendanegea or Joseph Brant was a Mohawk nation leader and Kingdom of Great Britain military officer during the American Revolutionary War....
, settled at Six Nations of the Grand River, the largest First Nations
First Nations

First Nations is a term of ethnicity that refers to the Aboriginal peoples in Canada who are neither Inuit nor M?tis people....
 Reserve
Indian reserve

In Canada, an Indian reserve is specified by the Indian Act as a "tract of land, the legal title to which is vested in Elizabeth II of the United Kingdom, that has been set apart by Her Majesty for the use and benefit of a band." The Act also specifies that land reserved for the use and benefit of a band which is not vested in the Crown is...
 in Canada. Another smaller group of Iroquois settled on the shores of the Bay of Quinte in modern day South-eastern Ontario. A group of Black Loyalists settled in Nova Scotia but, facing discrimination there, some emigrated again for Sierra Leone
Sierra Leone

Sierra Leone, officially the Republic of Sierra Leone, is a country in West Africa. It is bordered by Guinea in the northeast, Liberia in the southeast, and the Atlantic Ocean in the southwest....
.

Many of the Loyalists were forced to abandon substantial amounts of property, and restoration or compensation for this lost property was a major issue during the negotiation of the Jay Treaty
Jay Treaty

The Jay Treaty, also known as Jay's Treaty and the Treaty of London of 1794, between the United States and Kingdom of Great Britain averted war, solved many issues left over from the American Revolution, and opened ten years of largely peaceful trade in the midst of the French Revolutionary Wars....
 in 1795. Negotiations rested on the concept of the American negotiators 'advising' the Congress to provide restitution. For the English this concept carried significant legal weight, far more than it did with the Americans; the U. S. Congress
United States Congress

The United States Congress is the Bicameralism legislature of the Federal government of the United States of the United States of America, consisting of two houses, the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives....
 declined to accept the advice. More than two centuries later, some of the descendants of Loyalists still assert claims to their ancestors' property in the United States.

Today

Modern-day descendants of those original refugee
Refugee

Convention Relating to the Status of Refugees, a refugee is a person who flees to a foreign country or power to escape danger or persecutionOwing to a well-founded fear of being persecuted for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership of a particular social group, or political opinion, is outside the country of their nationality,...
s often apply the term United Empire Loyalist to themselves, using "UE" as postnominal letters; the honorific
Honorific

An honorific is a word or expression that conveys esteem or respect when used in addressing or referring to a person. "Honorific" may refer broadly to the style of language or particular words or grammatical markings used in this way, including words used to express honor to one perceived as a social superior....
 is one of few hereditary title
Hereditary Title

Hereditary titles, in a general sense, are titles, positions or Style s that are hereditary and thus tend or are bound to remain in particular families....
s in Canada, although it is not part of the official Canadian honours system. Such everyday practice is rare, even in the original Loyalist strongholds like southeastern Ontario. However, it is used extensively by historians and genealogists.

In Canadian heraldry
Heraldry

Heraldry is the profession, study, or art of devising, granting, and blazoning Coat of arms and ruling on questions of rank or protocol, as exercised by an officer of arms....
, Loyalist descendants are also entitled to use a Loyalist coronet in their coat of arms
Coat of arms

A coat of arms, more properly called an armorial achievement, armorial bearings or often just arms for short, in European tradition, is a design belonging to a particular person and used by them in a wide variety of ways....
. The influence of the Loyalists on the evolution of Canada remains. Their ties with Britain and their antipathy to the United States provided the strength needed to keep Canada independent and distinct in North America. The Loyalists' basic distrust of republicanism
Republicanism

Republicanism is the ideology of governing a nation as a republic, where the head of state is appointed by other means than hereditary, often elections....
 and "mob rule" influenced Canada's gradual "paper-strewn" path to independence. In effect, the new British North American provinces of Upper Canada
Upper Canada

The Province of Upper Canada was a British colony located in what is now the southern portion of the Province of Ontario in Canada. Upper Canada officially existed from 26 December 1791 to 10 February 1841 and generally comprised present-day Southern Ontario and, until 1797, the Upper Peninsula of what is now part of the U.S....
 (the forerunner of Ontario) and New Brunswick
New Brunswick

New Brunswick is one of Canada's three Maritime provinces and is the only Constitution of Canada bilingual province in the federation. The provincial capital is Fredericton....
 were created as places of refuge for the United Empire Loyalists. The mottos of the two Provinces reflect this history - Ontario's motto is "Ut incepit fidelis sic permanet" (Loyal she began, loyal she remains), New Brunswick's motto is: "Spem Reduxit" (Hope restored).

The word "Loyalist" appears frequently in school, street, and business names in loyalist-settled communities such as Belleville
Belleville, Ontario

Belleville is a city located at the mouth of the Moira River on the Bay of Quinte in southeastern Ontario, Canada, in the Quebec City-Windsor Corridor....
, Ontario. The nearby city of Kingston
Kingston, Ontario

Kingston, Ontario is a Canadian city located at the eastern end of Lake Ontario, where the lake runs into the St. Lawrence River and the Thousand Islands begin....
 was established as a loyalist stronghold, named in honour of King George III. There is also a township
Township (Canada)

The term township generally means the district or area associated with a town. However in some systems no town needs to be involved. The specific use of the term to describe political subdivisions has varied by country, usually to describe a local rural or semi-rural government within the county itself....
 named Loyalist
Loyalist, Ontario

Loyalist is a township in central eastern Ontario, Canada on Lake Ontario. It is in Lennox and Addington County, Ontario and consists of two parts: the mainland and Amherst Island....
 in the suburban outskirts of Kingston.

In 1996, Canadian politicians John Godfrey
John Godfrey

John Ferguson Godfrey, Queen's Privy Council for Canada is a Canada educator, journalist and former Member of Parliament....
 and Peter Milliken
Peter Milliken

Peter Andrew Stewart Milliken, Member of the Canadian House of Commons is a Canada lawyer and politician. He has been a member of the Canadian House of Commons since 1988, and has served as Speaker of the Canadian House of Commons since 2001....
 sponsored the Godfrey-Milliken Bill
Godfrey-Milliken Bill

The Godfrey-Milliken Bill, officially Bill C-339: The American Liberty and Democratic Solidarity Act was a Private Member's Bill introduced in the Canadian parliament by Liberal Party of Canada Member of Parliament Peter Milliken and John Godfrey....
, which would have entitled Loyalist descendants to reclaim ancestral property in the United States that was confiscated by the American government
Federal government of the United States

The Federal Government of the United States is the central current reigning United States governmental body, established by the United States Constitution....
 during the American Revolution
American Revolution

The American Revolution refers to the political upheaval during the last half of the 18th century in which the Thirteen Colonies of North America overthrew the governance of the British Empire and then rejected the British monarchy to become the sovereign United States of America....
. The bill, which did not pass in the House of Commons, was primarily intended as a satirical response to the contemporaneous American Helms-Burton Act
Helms-Burton Act

The Cuban Liberty and Democratic Solidarity Act of 1996 is a United States federal law which strengthens and continues the United States embargo against Cuba....
.

List of Loyalist settlements in present-day Canada

18th-century names are listed first, alongside their present-day equivalents.

  • Antigonish, Nova Scotia
    Antigonish, Nova Scotia

    Antigonish is a Canada town in Antigonish County, Nova Scotia.The town is home to St. Francis Xavier University and the oldest continuous Highland Games in North America....
  • Belleville, Ontario
    Belleville, Ontario

    Belleville is a city located at the mouth of the Moira River on the Bay of Quinte in southeastern Ontario, Canada, in the Quebec City-Windsor Corridor....
  • Buell's Bay ? Brockville, Ontario
    Brockville, Ontario

    Brockville is located in the Thousand Islands region on the St. Lawrence River in Leeds and Grenville United Counties, Ontario, Eastern Ontario, Canada....
  • Butlersbury ? Newark ? Niagara-on-the-Lake, Ontario
    Niagara-on-the-Lake, Ontario

    Niagara-on-the-Lake is a Canadian town located where the Niagara River meets Lake Ontario in the Regional Municipality of Niagara, Ontario of the southern part of the province of Ontario....
  • Cataraqui ? Kingston, Ontario
    Kingston, Ontario

    Kingston, Ontario is a Canadian city located at the eastern end of Lake Ontario, where the lake runs into the St. Lawrence River and the Thousand Islands begin....
  • Clifton ? Niagara Falls, Ontario
    Niagara Falls, Ontario

    Niagara Falls is a Canadian city of 82,184 residents on the Niagara River in the Golden Horseshoe region of south-central Ontario. It lies across the river from Niagara Falls, New York, and was incorporated on June 12, 1903....
  • Cobourg, Ontario
    Cobourg, Ontario

    Cobourg is a town in the Canada province of Ontario, located 110km east of Toronto. It is the largest town in Northumberland County, Ontario. Its nearest neighbour is Port Hope, Ontario, to the west....
  • Cornwall, Ontario
    Cornwall, Ontario

    Cornwall is a city in eastern Ontario, Canada and the seat of the United Counties of Stormont, Dundas and Glengarry. Cornwall is Ontario's easternmost city, located on the St....
  • Digby, Nova Scotia
    Digby, Nova Scotia

    Digby is a town in western Nova Scotia which lies on the Annapolis Basin of the Bay of Fundy. Digby is the shire town and commercial hub of Digby County, Nova Scotia....
  • Eastern Townships
    Eastern Townships

    The Eastern Townships is a historical region in south-eastern Quebec, lying between the former Seigneurial system of New France south of the Saint Lawrence River and the United States border....
    , Quebec
  • Effingham, Ontario
    Effingham, Ontario

    Effingham is a Hamlet on Effingham Creek, a tributary of the Twelve Mile Creek , in the northern part of the Town of Pelham, Ontario in Ontario, Canada....
  • Grimsby, Ontario
    Grimsby, Ontario

    Grimsby is a town on Lake Ontario in the Regional Municipality of Niagara, Ontario, Ontario, Canada. Grimsby is a part of the Hamilton Census Metropolitan Area....
  • Merrittsville ? Welland, Ontario
    Welland, Ontario

    Welland is a city in the Regional Municipality of Niagara, Ontario in Ontario, Canada.The city has been traditionally known as the place where rails and water meet, referring to the railways from Buffalo, New York to Toronto and southwestern Ontario, and the waterways of Welland Canal and Welland River, which played a great role in the...
  • Port Roseway ? Shelburne, Nova Scotia
    Shelburne, Nova Scotia

    Shelburne is a town located in southwestern Nova Scotia, Canada. It is the shire town of Shelburne County, Nova Scotia....
  • Prescott, Ontario
    Prescott, Ontario

    Prescott is a town of approximately 4,200 people on the north shore of the Saint Lawrence River in Leeds and Grenville United Counties, Ontario, Canada....
  • Prince Edward County, Ontario
    Prince Edward County, Ontario

    Prince Edward County is a single-tier municipality and a census division of the Canadian province of Ontario....
  • Saint John, New Brunswick
    Saint John, New Brunswick

    Saint John is the largest city in the province of New Brunswick, and the oldest incorporated city in Canada. In 2006 the city proper had a population of 68,043....
  • Shelburne, Nova Scotia
    Shelburne, Nova Scotia

    Shelburne is a town located in southwestern Nova Scotia, Canada. It is the shire town of Shelburne County, Nova Scotia....
  • Six Nations
    Six Nations 40, Ontario

    Six Nations of the Grand River is the name applied to two contiguous Indian reserves southeast of Brantford, Ontario, Canada – Six Nations reserve no....
     and Brantford, Ontario
    Brantford, Ontario

    Brantford is a city located on the Grand River in south-western Ontario, Canada. This single-tier municipality is part of Brant County, Ontario....
  • St. Andrews-by-the-Sea ? St. Andrews, New Brunswick
    St. Andrews, New Brunswick

    St. Andrews is a Canada town in Charlotte County, New Brunswick, New Brunswick.It is sometimes referred to in tourism marketing by its unofficial nickname "St....
  • St. Anne's Point ? Fredericton, New Brunswick
    Fredericton, New Brunswick

    Fredericton is the capital city of the Canadian province of New Brunswick, by virtue of the provincial parliament which seat there. An important cultural, artistic, and educational centre for the province, Fredericton is home to three universities, as well as cultural institutions such as the Beaverbrook Art Gallery, the York-Sunbury Museum...
  • The Twelve ? Shipman's Corners ? St. Catharines, Ontario
    St. Catharines, Ontario

    St. Catharines is the largest city in Canada's Regional Municipality of Niagara, Ontario and the sixth largest urban area in Ontario, Canada, with 97.11 square kilometres of land....
  • York ? Toronto
    Toronto

    Toronto is the List of the 100 largest municipalities in Canada by population in Canada and the Provinces and territories of Canada Provincial and territorial capitals of Canada of Ontario....


See also

  • Loyalist (American Revolution)
    Loyalist (American Revolution)

    Loyalists were Thirteen Colonies who remained loyal to the Kingdom of Great Britain during and after the American Revolutionary War. They were often referred to as Tories, Royalists, or King's Men by the Patriot , those that supported the American cause....
  • Canadian honorifics
    Canadian honorifics

    Canada honorifics are few, many of which are maintained from before Confederation and originate from the Orders, decorations, and medals of the United Kingdom....


Further reading

  • Lawrence Hill; The Book of Negroes; Harper Collins
    HarperCollins

    HarperCollins is a publishing company owned by News Corporation. It is the combination of the publishers William Collins, Sons and Co Ltd, a British company, and Harper & Row, an American company....
     Publishers Ltd. 2007.
  • Christopher Moore; The Loyalists: Revolution, Exile, Settlement; 1984, ISBN 0-7710-6093-9.
  • W. Stewart Wallace; The United Empire Loyalists: A Chronicle of the Great Migration; Volume 13 of the "Chronicles of Canada (32 volumes); 1914, Toronto.


External links

  • - fraternal association for descendants of Loyalists
  • at Project Gutenberg
    Project Gutenberg

    Project Gutenberg, abbreviated as PG, is a volunteer effort to digitize, archive and distribute cultural works, as founder Michael Hart said "To encourage the creation and distribution of eBooks."....
  • , argues that it is misleading to describe Joseph Brant and other Iroquois leaders as "Loyalists"
  • A major source of information regarding the installation of more than 50 thousand American Loyalists in Canada : Cataraqui, Quebec, Sorel, Nova-Scotia, New-Brunswick
  • (Opinion of Benjamin Franklin
    Benjamin Franklin

    Benjamin Franklin was one of the Founding Fathers of the United States of the United States. A noted polymath, Franklin was a leading author and Printer , Satire, list of political philosophers, politician, scientist, inventor, activism, statesman, and diplomacy....
     on persons who called themselves "Loyalists", whom he judged better called "Royalists")
  • - Black and Women Loyalists Perspective