Ioan Lupas
Encyclopedia
Ioan Lupaş was an Austro-Hungarian-born Romania
n historian, academic, politician, Orthodox
theologian and priest. He was a member of the Romanian Academy
.
(near Sibiu
, Transylvania
, at the time part of Austria-Hungary
), Lupaş attended between 1892 and 1900 the State School in Sibiu and the Orthodox School "Andrei Şaguna
" in Braşov
. He studied Philosophy and Literature at the University of Budapest, graduating in 1904, and received his PhD
from the University of Berlin (1905) with the thesis The Romanian Orthodox Church in Transylvania and the Communion with Rome
in the 18th Century. Between 1905 and 1909, Lupaş taught Church History and Romanian History at the "Andreian" Institute of Theology in Sibiu and attended Theology courses.
During his studies he made his debut in journalism and co-founded the Romanian-language Luceafărul magazine. Due to his firm stance in favor of political rights for the Romanians in Transylvania, Lupaş was imprisoned for three months in Szeged
in 1907, forced out of the Institute in 1909, and appointed priest to the Sălişte parish.
The Romanian Academy elected him an associate member in 1914 and full member in 1916, at Nicolae Iorga
's suggestion.
After Romania's entry in the World War I
on the Allied
side, Lupaş was exiled to Sopron County
(western Hungary
) and placed under house arrest. In 1918, he was elected representative for Sălişte in the Transylvanian National Assembly that declared the Union of Transylvania with the Kingdom of Romania
.
Starting with 1919 he became professor at the University of Cluj
, teaching Modern History and Transylvanian History until 1946, and in 1920, together with Alexandru Lepădatu, co-founded the National History Institute, located also in Cluj
; he also taught Church History at the Theological Academy. Lupaş was elected president of the History Section of ASTRA and, between 1932 and 1935, president of the History Section of the Romanian Academy.
In the interwar period
, Ioan Lupaş served in the Chamber of Deputies for several mandates, and as Minister of Health and Social Security in the Alexandru Averescu
cabinet
(1926 1927) and as Minister of Culture and Arts in the Octavian Goga
cabinet (1937 1938).
Due to his political activity, he was arrested by the communist regime
on May 5, 1950, and detained at Sighet prison
until May 5, 1955.
Romania
Romania is a country located at the crossroads of Central and Southeastern Europe, on the Lower Danube, within and outside the Carpathian arch, bordering on the Black Sea...
n historian, academic, politician, Orthodox
Romanian Orthodox Church
The Romanian Orthodox Church is an autocephalous Eastern Orthodox church. It is in full communion with other Eastern Orthodox churches, and is ranked seventh in order of precedence. The Primate of the church has the title of Patriarch...
theologian and priest. He was a member of the Romanian Academy
Romanian Academy
The Romanian Academy is a cultural forum founded in Bucharest, Romania, in 1866. It covers the scientific, artistic and literary domains. The academy has 181 acting members who are elected for life....
.
Biography
Born in SălişteSaliste
Sălişte is a town in Sibiu County in the centre of Romania, 21 km west of the county capital, Sibiu, the main locality in the Mărginimea Sibiului area.-Geography:...
(near Sibiu
Sibiu
Sibiu is a city in Transylvania, Romania with a population of 154,548. Located some 282 km north-west of Bucharest, the city straddles the Cibin River, a tributary of the river Olt...
, Transylvania
Transylvania
Transylvania is a historical region in the central part of Romania. Bounded on the east and south by the Carpathian mountain range, historical Transylvania extended in the west to the Apuseni Mountains; however, the term sometimes encompasses not only Transylvania proper, but also the historical...
, at the time part of Austria-Hungary
Austria-Hungary
Austria-Hungary , more formally known as the Kingdoms and Lands Represented in the Imperial Council and the Lands of the Holy Hungarian Crown of Saint Stephen, was a constitutional monarchic union between the crowns of the Austrian Empire and the Kingdom of Hungary in...
), Lupaş attended between 1892 and 1900 the State School in Sibiu and the Orthodox School "Andrei Şaguna
Andrei Saguna
Andrei Şaguna was a Metropolitan bishop of the Romanian Orthodox Church in Transylvania, and one of the Romanian community political leaders in the Habsburg Monarchy, especially active during the 1848 Revolution...
" in Braşov
Brasov
Brașov is a city in Romania and the capital of Brașov County.According to the last Romanian census, from 2002, there were 284,596 people living within the city of Brașov, making it the 8th most populated city in Romania....
. He studied Philosophy and Literature at the University of Budapest, graduating in 1904, and received his PhD
Doctor of Philosophy
Doctor of Philosophy, abbreviated as Ph.D., PhD, D.Phil., or DPhil , in English-speaking countries, is a postgraduate academic degree awarded by universities...
from the University of Berlin (1905) with the thesis The Romanian Orthodox Church in Transylvania and the Communion with Rome
Romanian Church United with Rome, Greek-Catholic
The Romanian Church United with Rome, Greek-Catholic is an Eastern Catholic Church which is in full union with the Roman Catholic Church. It is ranked as a Major Archiepiscopal Church and uses the Byzantine liturgical rite in the Romanian language....
in the 18th Century. Between 1905 and 1909, Lupaş taught Church History and Romanian History at the "Andreian" Institute of Theology in Sibiu and attended Theology courses.
During his studies he made his debut in journalism and co-founded the Romanian-language Luceafărul magazine. Due to his firm stance in favor of political rights for the Romanians in Transylvania, Lupaş was imprisoned for three months in Szeged
Szeged
' is the third largest city of Hungary, the largest city and regional centre of the Southern Great Plain and the county town of Csongrád county. The University of Szeged is one of the most distinguished universities in Hungary....
in 1907, forced out of the Institute in 1909, and appointed priest to the Sălişte parish.
The Romanian Academy elected him an associate member in 1914 and full member in 1916, at Nicolae Iorga
Nicolae Iorga
Nicolae Iorga was a Romanian historian, politician, literary critic, memoirist, poet and playwright. Co-founder of the Democratic Nationalist Party , he served as a member of Parliament, President of the Deputies' Assembly and Senate, cabinet minister and briefly as Prime Minister...
's suggestion.
After Romania's entry in the World War I
World War I
World War I , which was predominantly called the World War or the Great War from its occurrence until 1939, and the First World War or World War I thereafter, was a major war centred in Europe that began on 28 July 1914 and lasted until 11 November 1918...
on the Allied
Allies of World War I
The Entente Powers were the countries at war with the Central Powers during World War I. The members of the Triple Entente were the United Kingdom, France, and the Russian Empire; Italy entered the war on their side in 1915...
side, Lupaş was exiled to Sopron County
Sopron (county)
Sopron is the name of a historic administrative county of the Kingdom of Hungary in present-day eastern Austria and northwestern Hungary. The capital of the county was Sopron.- Geography :...
(western Hungary
Hungary
Hungary , officially the Republic of Hungary , is a landlocked country in Central Europe. It is situated in the Carpathian Basin and is bordered by Slovakia to the north, Ukraine and Romania to the east, Serbia and Croatia to the south, Slovenia to the southwest and Austria to the west. The...
) and placed under house arrest. In 1918, he was elected representative for Sălişte in the Transylvanian National Assembly that declared the Union of Transylvania with the Kingdom of Romania
Kingdom of Romania
The Kingdom of Romania was the Romanian state based on a form of parliamentary monarchy between 13 March 1881 and 30 December 1947, specified by the first three Constitutions of Romania...
.
Starting with 1919 he became professor at the University of Cluj
Babes-Bolyai University
The Babeș-Bolyai University in Cluj-Napoca is an university in Romania. With almost 50,000 students, the university offers 105 specialisations, of which there are 105 in Romanian, 67 in Hungarian, 17 in German, and 5 in English...
, teaching Modern History and Transylvanian History until 1946, and in 1920, together with Alexandru Lepădatu, co-founded the National History Institute, located also in Cluj
Cluj-Napoca
Cluj-Napoca , commonly known as Cluj, is the fourth most populous city in Romania and the seat of Cluj County in the northwestern part of the country. Geographically, it is roughly equidistant from Bucharest , Budapest and Belgrade...
; he also taught Church History at the Theological Academy. Lupaş was elected president of the History Section of ASTRA and, between 1932 and 1935, president of the History Section of the Romanian Academy.
In the interwar period
Interwar period
Interwar period can refer to any period between two wars. The Interbellum is understood to be the period between the end of the Great War or First World War and the beginning of the Second World War in Europe....
, Ioan Lupaş served in the Chamber of Deputies for several mandates, and as Minister of Health and Social Security in the Alexandru Averescu
Alexandru Averescu
Alexandru Averescu was a Romanian marshal and populist politician. A Romanian Armed Forces Commander during World War I, he served as Prime Minister of three separate cabinets . He first rose to prominence during the peasant's revolt of 1907, which he helped repress in violence...
cabinet
Government of Romania
The Government of Romania forms one half of the country's executive branch . It is headed by the Prime-Minister, and consists of the Ministries, various subordinated institutions and agencies, and the 42 Prefectures...
(1926 1927) and as Minister of Culture and Arts in the Octavian Goga
Octavian Goga
Octavian Goga was a Romanian politician, poet, playwright, journalist, and translator.-Life:Born in Răşinari, nearby Sibiu, he was an active member in the Romanian nationalistic movement in Transylvania and of its leading group, the Romanian National Party in Austria-Hungary. Before World War I,...
cabinet (1937 1938).
Due to his political activity, he was arrested by the communist regime
Communist Romania
Communist Romania was the period in Romanian history when that country was a Soviet-aligned communist state in the Eastern Bloc, with the dominant role of Romanian Communist Party enshrined in its successive constitutions...
on May 5, 1950, and detained at Sighet prison
Sighet prison
The Sighet prison, located in the town of Sighetu Marmaţiei, Maramureş county, Romania, was used by the communist regime to hold political prisoners...
until May 5, 1955.
Works
- Câteva pagini din trecutul comunei Sălişte
- Schiţă istorică, Sibiu, 1903
- Şovinismul confesional în istoriografia românească ardeleană. Studiu critic, Sibiu, 1903
- Biserica ortodoxă din Transilvania şi unirea religioasă din veacul al XVIII-lea, Budapest, 1904
- Contribuţii la istoria culturală şi politică a epocii lui ŞagunaAndrei SagunaAndrei Şaguna was a Metropolitan bishop of the Romanian Orthodox Church in Transylvania, and one of the Romanian community political leaders in the Habsburg Monarchy, especially active during the 1848 Revolution...
, Sibiu, 1907 - Mitropolitul Andrei Şaguna. Scriere comemorativă la serbarea centenară a naşterii lui, Sibiu, 1909
- Viaţa unei mame credincioase: Anastasia Şaguna, Sibiu, 1912
- Misiunea episcopilor Gherasim Adamovici şi Ioan Bob la Curtea din Viena în anul 1792, Sibiu, 1912
- Viaţa şi faptele lui Andrei Şaguna, mitropolitul Transilvaniei, Bucharest, 1913
- Principele ardelean Acaţiu Barciai şi mitropolitul Sava Brancovici. 1658-1661, Bucharest, 1913
- Contribuţiuni la istoria românilor ardeleni. 1780-1792, Bucharest, 1915
- Episcopul Vasile Moga şi profesorul Gheorghe LazărGheorghe LazarGheorghe Lazăr , born and died in Avrig, Sibiu County, was a Transylvanian-born Romanian scholar, the founder of the first Romanian language school - in Bucharest, 1818.-Biography:...
, Bucharest, 1915 - Din istoricul ziaristicii româneşti, Arad, 1916, 78 p.
- Luptători pentru lumină, Arad, 1916
- 12 peţitori ai episcopiei transilvane vacante de la 1796 la 1810, Bucharest, 1916
- Istoria bisericească a românilor ardeleni, Sibiu, 1918
- Mitropolitul Andrei Şaguna, Sibiu, 1921
- Andrei Şaguna şi conducătorii "Asociaţiei transilvane" (1861-1922)", Bucharest, 1923
- Din activitatea ziaristică a lui Andrei MureşanuAndrei MuresanuAndrei Mureșianu was a Romanian poet and revolutionary of Transylvania .Born to a family of peasants, he studied philosophy and theology in Blaj. Starting in 1838, Mureșianu was a professor at Brașov...
, Bucharest, 1925 - Contribuţii la istoria ziaristicii româneşti ardelene, Sibiu, 1926
- Lecturi din izvoarele istorice române, Cluj, 1928
- Istoria unirii românilor, Bucharest, 1937
- Paralelism istoric, Bucharest, 1937
- Realităţi istorice în voivodatul Transilvaniei în secolele XII-XVI, Bucharest, 1938
- Doctorul Ioan Piuariu Molnar. Viaţa şi opera lui, 1749-1815, Bucharest, 1939
- Emanuil Gojdu, 1802-1870. Originea şi opera sa, Bucharest, 1940
- Documente istorice transilvane , Cluj, 1940
- La Transilvania nel quadro geografico e nel ritmo storico rumeno, Bucharest, 1942
- Zur Geschichte der Rumänen. Aufsätze und Vorträge, Sibiu, 1943
- O carte de istorie bisericească ilustrată, Bucharest, 1933
- Manual de istorie a românilor pentru clasa VIII-a secundară, Sibiu, 1944
- Manual de istoria Bisericii Române pentru clasa a IV-a de liceu, Craiova, 1944