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Intramuscular injection

 

 
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Intramuscular injection
 
 
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Intramuscular (or IM) injection is the injection of a substance directly into a muscle
MUSCLE

MUSCLE is public domain, multiple sequence alignment software for protein and nucleotide sequences.MUSCLE is integrated into UGENE bioinformatics tool as a plugin....
. In medicine
Medicine

Medicine is the art and science of healing. It encompasses a range of health care practices evolved to maintain and restore health by the prevention and treatment of illness....
, it is one of several alternative methods for the administration of medication
Medication

A pharmaceutical drug, also referred to as medicine or medicament, can be loosely defined as any substance intended for use in the diagnosis, cure, mitigation, treatment, or prevention of disease....
s (see Route of administration
Route of administration

In pharmacology and toxicology, a route of administration is the path by which a medication, fluid, poison or other substance is brought into contact with the body....
). It is used for particular forms of medication that are administered in small amounts. Depending on the chemical properties of the drug, the medication may either be absorbed fairly quickly or more gradually. Intramuscular injections are often given in the deltoid
Deltoid muscle

In human anatomy, the deltoid muscle is the muscle forming the rounded contour of the shoulder.It was previously called the Deltoideus and the name is still used by some anatomists....
, vastus lateralis, ventrogluteal and dorsogluteal muscles.

the gluteal muscles
Gluteal muscles

The gluteal muscles are the three muscles that make up the buttocks: the gluteus maximus, gluteus medius and gluteus minimus....
 are used, injections should be made on the upper, outer quadrant of the buttock to avoid damaging the sciatic nerve
Sciatic nerve

The sciatic nerve is a large nerve that starts in the lower back and runs through the buttock and down the lower limb. It is the longest and widest single nerve in the body....
.






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Intramuscular (or IM) injection is the injection of a substance directly into a muscle
MUSCLE

MUSCLE is public domain, multiple sequence alignment software for protein and nucleotide sequences.MUSCLE is integrated into UGENE bioinformatics tool as a plugin....
. In medicine
Medicine

Medicine is the art and science of healing. It encompasses a range of health care practices evolved to maintain and restore health by the prevention and treatment of illness....
, it is one of several alternative methods for the administration of medication
Medication

A pharmaceutical drug, also referred to as medicine or medicament, can be loosely defined as any substance intended for use in the diagnosis, cure, mitigation, treatment, or prevention of disease....
s (see Route of administration
Route of administration

In pharmacology and toxicology, a route of administration is the path by which a medication, fluid, poison or other substance is brought into contact with the body....
). It is used for particular forms of medication that are administered in small amounts. Depending on the chemical properties of the drug, the medication may either be absorbed fairly quickly or more gradually. Intramuscular injections are often given in the deltoid
Deltoid muscle

In human anatomy, the deltoid muscle is the muscle forming the rounded contour of the shoulder.It was previously called the Deltoideus and the name is still used by some anatomists....
, vastus lateralis, ventrogluteal and dorsogluteal muscles.

Complications and contraindications

When the gluteal muscles
Gluteal muscles

The gluteal muscles are the three muscles that make up the buttocks: the gluteus maximus, gluteus medius and gluteus minimus....
 are used, injections should be made on the upper, outer quadrant of the buttock to avoid damaging the sciatic nerve
Sciatic nerve

The sciatic nerve is a large nerve that starts in the lower back and runs through the buttock and down the lower limb. It is the longest and widest single nerve in the body....
. Injection fibrosis
Injection fibrosis

Injection fibrosis is a complication of intramuscular injection, occurring especially often in infants and children. Injections are often delivered to the quadriceps, triceps, and gluteal muscles, and thus the complication often manifests itself in those muscles....
 is a complication that may occur if the injections are delivered with great frequency or with improper technique.

Thrombocytopenia
Thrombocytopenia

Thrombocytopenia is the presence of relatively few platelets in blood.Generally speaking, in humans, a normal platelet count ranges from 150,000 and 450,000 per mm3....
 (low platelet
Platelet

Platelets, or Thrombocyte, are small, irregularly shaped anuclear cells, 2-4?m in diameter, which are derived from fragmentation of precursor megakaryocytes....
 counts) and coagulopathy
Coagulopathy

Coagulopathy is a medical term for a defect in the body's mechanism for blood clotting....
 (bleeding tendency) are contraindication
Contraindication

In medicine, a contraindication is a condition or factor that increases the risks involved in using a particular medication, carrying out a medical procedure, or engaging in a particular activity....
s for intramuscular injections, as they may lead to hematoma
Hematoma

A hematoma, or haematoma, is a collection of blood outside the blood vessels, generally the result of hemorrhage, or more specifically, internal bleeding....
s.

Uses

Examples of medications that are sometimes administered intramuscularly are:
  • codeine
    Codeine

    Codeine or methylmorphine is an opiate used for its analgesic, Cough medicine and Antidiarrhoeal properties. It is by far the most widely used opiate in the world and probably the most commonly used drug overall according to numerous reports over the years by organizations such as the World Health Organization and its League of Nations...
  • methotrexate
    Methotrexate

    Methotrexate , abbreviated MTX and formerly known as amethopterin, is an antimetabolite and antifolate drug used in treatment of cancer and autoimmune diseases....
  • metoclopramide
    Metoclopramide

    Metoclopramide is a potent dopamine receptor antagonist used for its antiemetic and prokinetic properties. Thus it is primarily used to treat nausea and vomiting, and to facilitate gastric emptying in patients with gastroparesis....
  • olanzapine
    Olanzapine

    Olanzapine is an atypical antipsychotic, approved by the Food and Drug Administration for the treatment of: schizophrenia on September 6, 1996; depressive episodes associated with bipolar disorder, as part of the Symbyax formulation, on December 24, 2003; acute manic episodes and maintenance treatment in bipolar disorder on January 14, 2004...
  • Streptomycin
    Streptomycin

    Streptomycin is an antibiotic drug, the first of a class of drugs called aminoglycosides to be discovered, and was the first antibiotic remedy for tuberculosis....
  • diazepam
    Diazepam

    Diazepam , first marketed as Valium by Hoffmann-La Roche, is a benzodiazepine derivative drug. It possesses anxiolytic, anticonvulsant, hypnotic, sedative, skeletal muscle relaxant and amnestic properties....
  • prednisone
    Prednisone

    Prednisone is a synthetic corticosteroid drug that is usually taken orally but can be delivered by intramuscular injection and can be used for a number of different conditions....
  • Interferon beta-1a
    Interferon beta-1a

    Interferon beta-1a is a medication in the interferon family used to treat multiple sclerosis . It is produced by mammalian cells while Interferon beta-1b is produced in modified E....
  • sex hormones, such as testosterone
    Testosterone

    Testosterone is a steroid hormone from the androgen group. In mammals, testosterone is primarily secreted in the testis of males and the ovaries of females, although small amounts are also secreted by the adrenal glands....
    , estradiol valerate, and Depo Provera
    Depo Provera

    Depot medroxyprogesterone acetate is a progestin-only hormonal contraception birth control drug which is injected every 3 months.Depot medroxyprogesterone acetate is an aqueous suspension for Injection #Depot injection of the pregnanes 17-Hydroxyprogesterone-derivative progestin medroxyprogesterone acetate....
  • dimercaprol
    Dimercaprol

    Dimercaprol or British anti-Lewisite , is a compound developed by British biochemists at Oxford University during World War II. It was developed secretly as an antidote for Lewisite, the now-obsolete arsenic-based chemical warfare agent....
  • ketamine
    Ketamine

    Ketamine is a drug used in human and veterinary medicine developed by Parke-Davis in 1962. Its hydrochloride salt is sold as Ketanest, Ketaset, and Ketalar....
  • lupron
  • naloxone
    Naloxone

    Naloxone is a medication used to counter the effects of opioid Drug overdose, for example heroin or morphine overdose. Naloxone is specifically used to counteract life-threatening depression of the central nervous system and respiratory system....
  • quinine
    Quinine

    Quinine is a natural white crystalline alkaloid having antipyretic , antimalarial drug, analgesic , and anti-inflammatory properties and a bitter taste....
     in its gluconate form


In addition, some vaccine
Vaccine

A vaccine is a biological preparation that establishes or improves immunity to a particular disease.Vaccines can be prophylaxis , or Medication ....
s are administered intramuscularly:

  • Gardasil
    Gardasil

    Gardasil , also known as Gardisil or Silgard, is a HPV vaccine .Gardasil is designed to prevent infection with human papillomavirus types 16, 18, 6, and 11....
  • hepatitis A
    Hepatitis A

    Hepatitis A, , is an Acute infectious disease of the liver caused by Hepatitis A virus, which is most commonly transmitted by the fecal-oral route via contaminated food or drinking water....
     vaccine


Also certain substances (i.e. ketamine
Ketamine

Ketamine is a drug used in human and veterinary medicine developed by Parke-Davis in 1962. Its hydrochloride salt is sold as Ketanest, Ketaset, and Ketalar....
) are injected intramuscularly for recreational
Recreational drug use

Recreational drug use is the use of psychoactive drugs for recreational purposes rather than for employment, Medicine or Spirituality purposes, although the distinction is not always clear ....
 purposes.

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