Hopkins County, Kentucky
Encyclopedia
Hopkins County is a county located in the U.S. state
U.S. state
A U.S. state is any one of the 50 federated states of the United States of America that share sovereignty with the federal government. Because of this shared sovereignty, an American is a citizen both of the federal entity and of his or her state of domicile. Four states use the official title of...

 of Kentucky
Kentucky
The Commonwealth of Kentucky is a state located in the East Central United States of America. As classified by the United States Census Bureau, Kentucky is a Southern state, more specifically in the East South Central region. Kentucky is one of four U.S. states constituted as a commonwealth...

. It was formed in 1807. As of 2000, the population was 46,519. Its county seat
County seat
A county seat is an administrative center, or seat of government, for a county or civil parish. The term is primarily used in the United States....

 is Madisonville
Madisonville, Kentucky
Madisonville is a city in Hopkins County, Kentucky, United States of the Western Coal Field region, located along US 41 and The Pennyrile Parkway. The population was 19,307 at the 2000 census. It is the county seat of Hopkins County. The city was named in honor of U.S...

. The county is named for General Samuel Hopkins
Samuel Hopkins (congressman)
Samuel Hopkins was a U.S. Representative from Kentucky.Born in Albemarle County, Virginia, Hopkins was educated by private tutors...

, an officer
Officer (armed forces)
An officer is a member of an armed force or uniformed service who holds a position of authority. Commissioned officers derive authority directly from a sovereign power and, as such, hold a commission charging them with the duties and responsibilities of a specific office or position...

 in both the Revolutionary War and War of 1812
War of 1812
The War of 1812 was a military conflict fought between the forces of the United States of America and those of the British Empire. The Americans declared war in 1812 for several reasons, including trade restrictions because of Britain's ongoing war with France, impressment of American merchant...

, and later a Kentucky legislator and U.S. Congressman. It was founded in 1807, as an outgrowth of Henderson County
Henderson County, Kentucky
Henderson County is a county located in the U.S. state of Kentucky. It was formed in 1799. As the latest census data update of 2010, the population was counted 46,250. The county seat is the City of Henderson. The county was named for Colonel Richard Henderson who originally purchased of land...

. The Madisonville Micropolitan Statistical Area includes all of Hopkins County.

The topography ranges from flatlands along the broad river valleys of the Pond River
Pond River
The Pond River is a tributary of the Green River in western Kentucky in the United States. Via the Green and Ohio rivers, it is part of the watershed of the Mississippi River....

, Tradewater River
Tradewater River
The Tradewater River is a tributary of the Ohio River, approximately long, in western Kentucky in the United States. It drains an area of in the limestone hills south of Evansville, Indiana, between the basins of the Cumberland River on the west and the Green River on the east.-Description:It...

, and Green River
Green River (Kentucky)
The Green River is a tributary of the Ohio River that rises in Lincoln County in south-central Kentucky. Tributaries of the Green River include the Barren River, the Nolin River, the Pond River and the Rough River...

, to hilly and rolling land in the southern and central parts of the county. Coal mines operate in the southern part of Hopkins County and agriculture is a mainstay in the northern part. Major crops are soybeans, corn, and tobacco. Along with coal, resources include oil and natural gas. Hopkins County ranks second in the state both in terms of total coal extracted (782 million tons) and in total coal reserves remaining (7.2 billion tons).

History

The earliest inhabitants were prehistoric Native Americans who lived, hunted, and farmed in the region. One of their settlements was a rough stone structure on Fort Ridge, which has since been destroyed by strip mining. Some of the early settlers were veterans of the Revolutionary War who received land grants from Virginia
Virginia
The Commonwealth of Virginia , is a U.S. state on the Atlantic Coast of the Southern United States. Virginia is nicknamed the "Old Dominion" and sometimes the "Mother of Presidents" after the eight U.S. presidents born there...

 in the area southwest of the Green River. Among these was Baron Von Steuben, a Prussian general who had instructed the George Washington
George Washington
George Washington was the dominant military and political leader of the new United States of America from 1775 to 1799. He led the American victory over Great Britain in the American Revolutionary War as commander-in-chief of the Continental Army from 1775 to 1783, and presided over the writing of...

's Continental Army
Continental Army
The Continental Army was formed after the outbreak of the American Revolutionary War by the colonies that became the United States of America. Established by a resolution of the Continental Congress on June 14, 1775, it was created to coordinate the military efforts of the Thirteen Colonies in...

 at Valley Forge
Valley Forge
Valley Forge in Pennsylvania was the site of the military camp of the American Continental Army over the winter of 1777–1778 in the American Revolutionary War.-History:...

 in the winter of 1776-77. According to tradition, Von Steuben was wounded during an Indian attack while on his first visit and quit-claimed his property. A salt spring on his grant of several thousand acres in the northwest part of the county came to be known as Steuben's Lick. By the 1880s, the community at the lick was called Manitou
Manitou
Manitou is a general term for spirit beings among many Algonquian Native American groups.Manitou may also refer to:- Geography :* Manitou, Manitoba, Canada* Manitou, Kentucky, USA* Manitou, Oklahoma, USA- Other uses :...

.

Roads in the county often followed animal trails that led to the many salt and mineral springs, the major traces being the ones that connected the county seat of Madisonville with Henderson to the north, Hopkinsville to the south, and Russellville to the southeast. Numerous other trails led to the mills and ferries on the Pond and Tradewater rivers and their tributaries.

On January 3, 1829, Ashbyburg in the northeastern part of the county was incorporated. Located on the Green River, it thrived as a steamboat landing during the 19th century. Other antebellum communities included Nebo, Kentucky
Nebo, Kentucky
Nebo is a city in Hopkins County, Kentucky, United States. The population was 220 at the 2000 census. Founded in 1840, the city is named for the biblical Mount Nebo.-Geography:Nebo is located at ....

, northwest of Madisonville, and Charleston, Kentucky
Charleston, Kentucky
Charleston is an unincorporated community in southwestern Hopkins County, Kentucky, United States. It was named after Free Charles, a former slave, who had owned a tavern there....

, named after "Free Charles," a black freedman who operated a tavern in the southwest part of the county.

Hopkins County was divided by the American Civil War
American Civil War
The American Civil War was a civil war fought in the United States of America. In response to the election of Abraham Lincoln as President of the United States, 11 southern slave states declared their secession from the United States and formed the Confederate States of America ; the other 25...

. Union supporters joined the 35th Kentucky Mounted Infantry, a regiment recruited locally by James M. Shackelford
James M. Shackelford
James Murrell Shackelford was a lawyer, judge, and general in the Union Army during the American Civil War...

; Adam Rankin Johnson recruited Confederate
Confederate States of America
The Confederate States of America was a government set up from 1861 to 1865 by 11 Southern slave states of the United States of America that had declared their secession from the U.S...

 troops for his 10th Kentucky Cavalry Regiment. The courthouse in Madisonville was burned by Kentucky Confederates led by Gen. Hylan Benton Lyon on December 17, 1864, as they passed through western Kentucky because it was being used to house Union soldiers. The harsh policies imposed by the occupying Union armies, however, caused much more resentment and sparked an increase in sympathy for the Confederate cause. Since that time, local politics have been heavily dominated by the Democratic party.

Farming was the major occupation in Hopkins County for most of the 19th century, with tobacco
Tobacco
Tobacco is an agricultural product processed from the leaves of plants in the genus Nicotiana. It can be consumed, used as a pesticide and, in the form of nicotine tartrate, used in some medicines...

 the leading crop. Around 1837 local blacksmith James Woolfolk found an outcropping of coal on his land. John Bayless Earle, for whom the town of Earlington, Kentucky
Earlington, Kentucky
Earlington is a city in Hopkins County, Kentucky, United States. As of the 2000 census, the city had a population of 1,649. It was founded by European Americans in 1870 around the area coal fields, and was named for John Baylis Earl, a lawyer who was central in developing the coal industry in the...

 was named, opened the first coal mine in the county in 1869. Mining did not become a major industry until the Louisville & Nashville Railroad pushed its line southward from Henderson through Madisonville and toward Nashville in 1870. Two years later, the Elizabethtown and Paducah Railroad (now Paducah and Louisville Railway
Paducah and Louisville Railway
The Paducah & Louisville Railway is a Class II railroad that operates freight service between Paducah and Louisville, Kentucky.The 270-mile line was purchased from Illinois Central Gulf Railroad in August, 1986. The 223-mile main route runs between Paducah and Louisville with a branch line from...

) entered the county from the east. Many communities grew quickly as railroad stops, including Mortons Gap, Kentucky
Mortons Gap, Kentucky
Mortons Gap is a city in Hopkins County, Kentucky, United States. The population was 952 at the 2000 census. The city is named for Thomas Morton, who settled the area in 1804....

, Hanson, Kentucky
Hanson, Kentucky
Hanson is a city in Hopkins County, Kentucky, United States. The population was 625 at the 2000 census. It is named for Henry B. Hanson, a civil engineer and surveyor who plotted the town for the Henderson and Nashville Railroad . CSX Transportation runs through Hanson and operates a siding track...

, Nortonville, Kentucky
Nortonville, Kentucky
Nortonville is a city in Hopkins County, Kentucky, United States. The population was 1,264 at the 2000 census.-Geography:Nortonville is located at ....

, and White Plains, Kentucky
White Plains, Kentucky
White Plains is a city in Hopkins County, Kentucky, United States. The population was 800 at the 2000 census.-Geography:White Plains is located at ....

. Dawson Springs, Kentucky
Dawson Springs, Kentucky
Dawson Springs is a city in Caldwell and Hopkins counties in the Commonwealth of Kentucky. The population was 2,980 at the 2000 census. It is the birthplace of current governor of Kentucky, Steve L. Beshear. From the late 1800s to the 1930s, Dawson Springs was well known as a spa and resort town...

, in the southwestern part of the county, began to thrive in the 1880s as a health resort, but its popularity had faded by the time of the Great Depression
Great Depression
The Great Depression was a severe worldwide economic depression in the decade preceding World War II. The timing of the Great Depression varied across nations, but in most countries it started in about 1929 and lasted until the late 1930s or early 1940s...

 of the 1930s.

By 1970 Hopkins County was the second largest producer of coal in the Western Coal Field, after Muhlenberg County, and the third-largest coal producer in the entire state after Muhlenberg and Pike County
Pike County
Pike County is the name of ten counties in the United States:* Pike County, Alabama* Pike County, Arkansas* Pike County, Georgia* Pike County, Illinois* Pike County, Indiana* Pike County, Kentucky* Pike County, Mississippi* Pike County, Missouri...

. In 1971 the county also ranked fifth in Kentucky in oil production. Coal and oil-related businesses were major county employers by 1990. Development of resources was aided by the construction of the north-south Pennyrile Parkway
Pennyrile Parkway
The Edward T. Breathitt Pennyrile Parkway is a controlled-access highway from Henderson to Hopkinsville, Kentucky. The parkway begins at Henderson as a continuation of the limited-access U.S. Route 41 at exit 81; the northernmost three miles of the Pennyrile Parkway are signed as US 41...

 and the east-west Western Kentucky Parkway
Western Kentucky Parkway
The Wendell H. Ford Western Kentucky Parkway is a controlled-access highway running from Elizabethtown, Kentucky to near Eddyville, Kentucky. It intersects with Interstate 65 at its eastern terminus, and Interstate 24 at its western terminus. It is one of nine highways that are part of the...

 through the county by the early 1970s. In 1987 farms occupied 41 percent of the land area, with 72 percent of farmland under cultivation.

Geography

Hopkins County is part of the Western Coal Fields
Western Coal Fields
thumb|right|Regions of Kentucky, with the Western Coal Fields shown in brownThe Western Coal Fields of Kentucky compose an area in the west-central part of the state, bounded by the Dripping Springs Escarpment. This area is bordered on three sides by the Pennyroyal Plateau and to the north by the...

 region of Kentucky
Kentucky
The Commonwealth of Kentucky is a state located in the East Central United States of America. As classified by the United States Census Bureau, Kentucky is a Southern state, more specifically in the East South Central region. Kentucky is one of four U.S. states constituted as a commonwealth...

. According to the 2000 census, the county has a total area of 554.23 square miles (1,435.4 km²), of which 550.56 square miles (1,425.9 km²) (or 99.34%) is land and 3.67 square miles (9.5 km²) (or 0.66%) is water.

Adjacent counties

  • Webster County
    Webster County, Kentucky
    Webster County is a county located in the U.S. state of Kentucky. Webster County was formed in 1860 from parts of the counties of Henderson, Hopkins, and Union. As of 2000, the population is 14,120. Its county seat is Dixon. The county was named for American statesman Daniel Webster...

      (northwest)
  • McLean County
    McLean County, Kentucky
    McLean County is a county located in the U.S. state of Kentucky; its population was 9,938 in the 2000 Census. McLean County's county seat is at Calhoun....

      (northeast)
  • Muhlenberg County
    Muhlenberg County, Kentucky
    Muhlenberg County is a county located in the U.S. state of Kentucky. As of the 2010 Census, the population was 31,499. The county is named for Peter Muhlenberg. Its county seat is Greenville....

      (southeast)
  • Christian County
    Christian County, Kentucky
    Christian County is a county located in the U.S. state of Kentucky. It was formed in 1797. As of 2000, its population was 72,265. Its county seat is Hopkinsville, Kentucky...

      (south)
  • Caldwell County
    Caldwell County, Kentucky
    As of the census of 2010, there were 12,984 people, with 6,292 households in the county.-Communities:*Bakers*Baldwin Ford*Black Hawk*The Bluff*Cedar Bluff*Claxton*Cobb*Cresswell*Crider*Crowtown*Enon*Farmersville*Flat Rock*Friendship*Fryer...

      (southwest)

Demographics

As of the census
Census
A census is the procedure of systematically acquiring and recording information about the members of a given population. It is a regularly occurring and official count of a particular population. The term is used mostly in connection with national population and housing censuses; other common...

of 2000, there were 46,519 people, 18,820 households, and 13,399 families residing in the county. The population density
Population density
Population density is a measurement of population per unit area or unit volume. It is frequently applied to living organisms, and particularly to humans...

 was 84 /sqmi. There were 20,668 housing units at an average density of 38 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the county was 92.02% White
Race (United States Census)
Race and ethnicity in the United States Census, as defined by the Federal Office of Management and Budget and the United States Census Bureau, are self-identification data items in which residents choose the race or races with which they most closely identify, and indicate whether or not they are...

, 6.21% Black
Race (United States Census)
Race and ethnicity in the United States Census, as defined by the Federal Office of Management and Budget and the United States Census Bureau, are self-identification data items in which residents choose the race or races with which they most closely identify, and indicate whether or not they are...

 or African American
Race (United States Census)
Race and ethnicity in the United States Census, as defined by the Federal Office of Management and Budget and the United States Census Bureau, are self-identification data items in which residents choose the race or races with which they most closely identify, and indicate whether or not they are...

, 0.19% Native American
Race (United States Census)
Race and ethnicity in the United States Census, as defined by the Federal Office of Management and Budget and the United States Census Bureau, are self-identification data items in which residents choose the race or races with which they most closely identify, and indicate whether or not they are...

, 0.34% Asian
Race (United States Census)
Race and ethnicity in the United States Census, as defined by the Federal Office of Management and Budget and the United States Census Bureau, are self-identification data items in which residents choose the race or races with which they most closely identify, and indicate whether or not they are...

, 0.02% Pacific Islander
Race (United States Census)
Race and ethnicity in the United States Census, as defined by the Federal Office of Management and Budget and the United States Census Bureau, are self-identification data items in which residents choose the race or races with which they most closely identify, and indicate whether or not they are...

, 0.37% from other races
Race (United States Census)
Race and ethnicity in the United States Census, as defined by the Federal Office of Management and Budget and the United States Census Bureau, are self-identification data items in which residents choose the race or races with which they most closely identify, and indicate whether or not they are...

, and 0.86% from two or more races. 0.91% of the population were Hispanic
Race (United States Census)
Race and ethnicity in the United States Census, as defined by the Federal Office of Management and Budget and the United States Census Bureau, are self-identification data items in which residents choose the race or races with which they most closely identify, and indicate whether or not they are...

 or Latino
Race (United States Census)
Race and ethnicity in the United States Census, as defined by the Federal Office of Management and Budget and the United States Census Bureau, are self-identification data items in which residents choose the race or races with which they most closely identify, and indicate whether or not they are...

 of any race.

There were 18,820 households out of which 31.60% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 56.30% were married couples
Marriage
Marriage is a social union or legal contract between people that creates kinship. It is an institution in which interpersonal relationships, usually intimate and sexual, are acknowledged in a variety of ways, depending on the culture or subculture in which it is found...

 living together, 11.90% had a female householder with no husband present, and 28.80% were non-families. 25.80% of all households were made up of individuals and 11.50% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.43 and the average family size was 2.91.

In the county the population was spread out with 24.20% under the age of 18, 8.30% from 18 to 24, 28.20% from 25 to 44, 24.60% from 45 to 64, and 14.70% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 38 years. For every 100 females there were 91.00 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 87.70 males.

The median income for a household in the county was $30,868, and the median income for a family was $36,794. Males had a median income of $31,400 versus $20,014 for females. The per capita income
Per capita income
Per capita income or income per person is a measure of mean income within an economic aggregate, such as a country or city. It is calculated by taking a measure of all sources of income in the aggregate and dividing it by the total population...

 for the county was $17,382. About 13.60% of families and 16.50% of the population were below the poverty line, including 24.40% of those under age 18 and 10.50% of those age 65 or over.

Cities and towns

  • Charleston
    Charleston, Kentucky
    Charleston is an unincorporated community in southwestern Hopkins County, Kentucky, United States. It was named after Free Charles, a former slave, who had owned a tavern there....

  • Dawson Springs
    Dawson Springs, Kentucky
    Dawson Springs is a city in Caldwell and Hopkins counties in the Commonwealth of Kentucky. The population was 2,980 at the 2000 census. It is the birthplace of current governor of Kentucky, Steve L. Beshear. From the late 1800s to the 1930s, Dawson Springs was well known as a spa and resort town...

  • Earlington
    Earlington, Kentucky
    Earlington is a city in Hopkins County, Kentucky, United States. As of the 2000 census, the city had a population of 1,649. It was founded by European Americans in 1870 around the area coal fields, and was named for John Baylis Earl, a lawyer who was central in developing the coal industry in the...

  • Hanson
    Hanson, Kentucky
    Hanson is a city in Hopkins County, Kentucky, United States. The population was 625 at the 2000 census. It is named for Henry B. Hanson, a civil engineer and surveyor who plotted the town for the Henderson and Nashville Railroad . CSX Transportation runs through Hanson and operates a siding track...

  • Madisonville
    Madisonville, Kentucky
    Madisonville is a city in Hopkins County, Kentucky, United States of the Western Coal Field region, located along US 41 and The Pennyrile Parkway. The population was 19,307 at the 2000 census. It is the county seat of Hopkins County. The city was named in honor of U.S...

  • Mortons Gap
    Mortons Gap, Kentucky
    Mortons Gap is a city in Hopkins County, Kentucky, United States. The population was 952 at the 2000 census. The city is named for Thomas Morton, who settled the area in 1804....

  • Nebo
    Nebo, Kentucky
    Nebo is a city in Hopkins County, Kentucky, United States. The population was 220 at the 2000 census. Founded in 1840, the city is named for the biblical Mount Nebo.-Geography:Nebo is located at ....

  • Nortonville
    Nortonville, Kentucky
    Nortonville is a city in Hopkins County, Kentucky, United States. The population was 1,264 at the 2000 census.-Geography:Nortonville is located at ....

  • Dozier Heights
  • St. Charles
    St. Charles, Kentucky
    St. Charles is a city in Hopkins County, Kentucky, United States. The population was 309 at the 2000 census.-Geography:St. Charles is located at ....

  • White Plains
    White Plains, Kentucky
    White Plains is a city in Hopkins County, Kentucky, United States. The population was 800 at the 2000 census.-Geography:White Plains is located at ....

  • Manitou
    Manitou, Kentucky
    Manitou is an unincorporated rural community in Hopkins County, Kentucky, United States. It is a small community that lies a few miles northwest of Madisonville on US 41, at its intersection with KY 630 and KY 262.-References:# -Geography:...


  • Education

    Two public school districts operate in the county. Hopkins County Schools serves most of the county, except for the city of Dawson Springs, which is covered by the Dawson Springs Independent School District. The Dawson Springs district operates a single K-12 facility, Dawson Springs Community School.

    Elementary schools

    • Earlington Elementary
    • Grapevine Elementary
    • Hanson Elementary
    • Jesse Stuart Elementary
    • Pride Elementary
    • Southside Elementary
    • West Broadway Elementary
    • West Hopkins School
    • Dawson Springs Community School
    • Christ The King Elementary

    Middle schools

    • Browning Springs Middle School
    • James Madison Middle School
    • South Hopkins Middle School
    • West Hopkins School
    • Dawson Springs Community School

    High schools

    • Hopkins County Central High School
    • Madisonville North Hopkins High School
      Madisonville North Hopkins High School
      Madisonville-North Hopkins High School opened in Madisonville, Kentucky in fall 1968. The school, located on Hanson Road, replaced the old Madisonville High School. Classes had graduated from the Spring Street facility from 1939-1968. The building now houses Browning Springs Middle School...

    • Dawson Springs Community School
    • Grace Baptist

    See also

    • National Register of Historic Places listings in Hopkins County, Kentucky
      National Register of Historic Places listings in Hopkins County, Kentucky
      This is a list of the National Register of Historic Places listings in Hopkins County, Kentucky. It is intended to be a complete list of the properties and districts on the National Register of Historic Places in Hopkins County, Kentucky, United States...


    External links

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