Gopher may refer to* Gopher , including** True gopher, i.e. pocket gopher or member of Geomyidae, native to North America** Richardson's Ground Squirrel, a species of Spermophilus... .
Distributed computing deals with hardware and software systems containing more than one processing element or Computer data storage element, Concurrent computing processes, or multiple programs, running under a loosely or tightly controlled regime.... document
Document
A document is a bounded physical representation of body of information designed with the capacity to communication. A document may manifest symbolic, diagrammatic or sensory-representational information.... search and retrieval network protocol designed for the Internet
Internet
The Internet is a global network of interconnected computers, enabling users to share information along multiple channels. Typically, a computer that connects to the Internet can access information from a vast array of available server and other computers by moving information from them to the computer's local memory.... . Its goal is to function as an improved form of Anonymous FTP
File Transfer Protocol
File Transfer Protocol is a network protocol used to transfer data from one computer to another through a network such as the Internet.FTP is a file transfer protocol for exchanging and manipulating files over a Transmission Control Protocol computer network.... , enhanced with hyperlinking
Hyperlink
In computing, a hyperlink, usually shortened to link, is a directly followable reference within a hypertext document.The area from which the hyperlink can be activated is called its anchor; its target is what the link points to, which may be another location within the same page or document, another page or document, or a... features similar to those of the World Wide Web
World Wide Web
The World Wide Web is a very large set of interlinked hypertext documents accessed via the Internet. With a Web browser, one can view Web pages that may contain writing, s, videos, and other multimedia and navigate between them using hyperlinks.... .
The Gopher protocol offers some features not natively supported by the Web and imposes a much stronger hierarchy on information stored on it.
Gopher may refer to* Gopher , including** True gopher, i.e. pocket gopher or member of Geomyidae, native to North America** Richardson's Ground Squirrel, a species of Spermophilus... .
Distributed computing deals with hardware and software systems containing more than one processing element or Computer data storage element, Concurrent computing processes, or multiple programs, running under a loosely or tightly controlled regime.... document
Document
A document is a bounded physical representation of body of information designed with the capacity to communication. A document may manifest symbolic, diagrammatic or sensory-representational information.... search and retrieval network protocol designed for the Internet
Internet
The Internet is a global network of interconnected computers, enabling users to share information along multiple channels. Typically, a computer that connects to the Internet can access information from a vast array of available server and other computers by moving information from them to the computer's local memory.... . Its goal is to function as an improved form of Anonymous FTP
File Transfer Protocol
File Transfer Protocol is a network protocol used to transfer data from one computer to another through a network such as the Internet.FTP is a file transfer protocol for exchanging and manipulating files over a Transmission Control Protocol computer network.... , enhanced with hyperlinking
Hyperlink
In computing, a hyperlink, usually shortened to link, is a directly followable reference within a hypertext document.The area from which the hyperlink can be activated is called its anchor; its target is what the link points to, which may be another location within the same page or document, another page or document, or a... features similar to those of the World Wide Web
World Wide Web
The World Wide Web is a very large set of interlinked hypertext documents accessed via the Internet. With a Web browser, one can view Web pages that may contain writing, s, videos, and other multimedia and navigate between them using hyperlinks.... .
The Gopher protocol offers some features not natively supported by the Web and imposes a much stronger hierarchy on information stored on it. Its text menu interface is well-suited to computing environments that rely heavily on remote computer terminal
Computer terminal
A computer terminal is an electronic or electromechanical computer hardware device that is used for entering data into, and displaying data from, a computer or a computing system.... s, common in universities at the time of its creation in 1991 until 1993.
Origins
The original Gopher system was released in late spring of 1991 by Mark McCahill, Farhad Anklesaria, Paul Lindner, Daniel Torrey, and Bob Alberti of the University of Minnesota
University of Minnesota
The University of Minnesota, Twin Cities is a public university research university located in Minneapolis and St. Paul, Minnesota, Minnesota, United States.... . Its central goals are:
A file-like hierarchical arrangement that would be familiar to users
A simple syntax
A system that can be created quickly and inexpensively
Extending the file system metaphor to include things like searches
The source of the name "Gopher" is claimed to be threefold:
Users instruct it to "go for" information
It does so through a web of menu items analogous to gopher
Gopher (animal)
A gopher is a small burrowing rodent that comes in many varieties including:* Pocket gophers of the family Geomyidae, native to North America, also called true gophers.... holes
The sports teams of the University of Minnesota are the Golden Gophers
Minnesota Golden Gophers
The Minnesota Golden Gophers are the college sports team for the University of Minnesota. The university fields both men's and women's teams in basketball, cross country running, gymnastics, golf, ice hockey, swimming, tennis, and track and field....
Gopher combines document hierarchies with collections of services, including WAIS
Wide area information server
Wide Area Information Servers or WAIS is a client-server text searching system that uses the American National Standards Institute Standard Z39.50 Information Retrieval Service Definition and Protocol Specifications for Library Applications" to search index databases on remote computers.... , the Archie
Archie search engine
Archie is a tool for indexing File Transfer Protocol archives, allowing people to find specific files. It is considered to be the first Internet Search engine .... and Veronica
Veronica (computer)
Veronica is a Search engine system for the Gopher , developed in 1992 by Steven Foster and Fred Barrie at the University of Nevada, Reno.Veronica is a constantly updated database of the names of almost every menu item on thousands of Gopher servers.... search engines, and gateways to other information systems such as ftp and Usenet
Usenet
Usenet, a portmanteau of "user" and "network", is a worldwide distributed Internet discussion system. It evolved from the general purpose UUCP architecture of the same name.... .
The general interest in Campus-Wide Information Systems (CWISs) in higher education at the time, and the ease with which a Gopher server could be set up to create an instant CWIS with links to other sites' online directories and resources were the factors contributing to Gopher's rapid adoption. By 1992, the standard method of locating someone's e-mail address was to find their organization's CCSO nameserver
CCSO Nameserver
A CCSO name-server or Ph protocol was an early form of database search on the web. In its most common form it was used to lookup information such as phone numbers and e-mail addresses.... entry in Gopher, and query the nameserver.
The exponential scaling of utility in social networked systems (Reed's law
Reed's law
Reed's law is the assertion of David P. Reed that the utility of large wiktionary:Network, particularly social networks, can exponential growth with the size of the network.... ) seen in Gopher, and then the Web, is a common feature of networked hypermedia systems with distributed authoring. In 1993–1994, Web pages commonly contained large numbers of links to Gopher-delivered resources, as the Web continued Gopher's embrace and extend tradition of providing gateways to other services.
The World Wide Web is a very large set of interlinked hypertext documents accessed via the Internet. With a Web browser, one can view Web pages that may contain writing, s, videos, and other multimedia and navigate between them using hyperlinks.... was in its infancy in 1991, and Gopher services quickly became established. By the late 1990s, Gopher had ceased expanding. Several factors contributed to Gopher's stagnation:
The University of Minnesota, Twin Cities is a public university research university located in Minneapolis and St. Paul, Minnesota, Minnesota, United States.... announced that it would charge licensing fees for the use of its implementation of the Gopher server. As a consequence of this some users suspected that a licensing fee would also be charged for independent implementations. In contrast, no such limitation has yet been imposed on the World Wide Web. The University of Minnesota eventually re-licensed its Gopher software under the GNU GPL.
Gopher Client functionality was quickly duplicated by early Web browsers, such as Mosaic
Mosaic (web browser)
Mosaic is the web browser credited with popularizing the World Wide Web. It was also a client for earlier protocols such as FTP, Usenet, and Gopher .... . Furthermore, the user friendliness of the World Wide Web, with its integration of text and graphics, made Gopher less appealing.
Gopher has an inflexible structure when compared to the free-form HTML
HTML
HTML, an Acronym and initialism of HyperText Markup Language, is the predominant markup language for Web pages. It provides a means to describe the structure of text-based information in a document?by denoting certain text as links, headings, paragraphs, lists, and so on?and to supplement that text with interactive forms, embedded '... of the Web. With Gopher, every document has a defined format and type, and the typical user must navigate through a single server-defined menu system to get to a particular document.
Availability of Gopher today
As of 2008, there are approximately 125 gopher servers indexed by Veronica-2
Veronica (computer)
Veronica is a Search engine system for the Gopher , developed in 1992 by Steven Foster and Fred Barrie at the University of Nevada, Reno.Veronica is a constantly updated database of the names of almost every menu item on thousands of Gopher servers.... , a slow growth from 2007 when there were fewer than 100. Many of them are owned by universities in various parts of the world. Most of them are neglected and rarely updated except for the ones run by enthusiasts of the protocol. A handful of new servers are set up every year by hobbyists — 30 have been set up and added to Floodgap's list since 1999 and possibly some more that haven't been added.
Some have suggested that the bandwidth-sparing simple interface of Gopher would be a good match for mobile phone
Mobile phone
A mobile phone is a long-range, electronic device used for mobile voice or data communication over a network of specialized base stations known as cell sites.... s and Personal digital assistants (PDAs), but so far, Wireless Markup Language
Wireless Markup Language
Wireless Markup Language, based on XML, is a markup language intended for devices that implement the Wireless Application Protocol specification, such as mobile phones, and preceded the use of other markup languages now used with WAP, such as XHTML and even standard HTML .... (WML)/Wireless Application Protocol
Wireless Application Protocol
Wireless Application Protocol is an open standard international standard standard for application layer network communications in a wireless communication environment.... (WAP), DoCoMo i-mode
I-mode
NTT DoCoMo's i-mode is a wireless internet service popular in Japan. Unlike Wireless Application Protocol, i-mode encompasses a wider variety of internet standards, including web access, e-mail and the packet switching network that delivers the data.... , XHTML Basic or other adaptations of HTML
HTML
HTML, an Acronym and initialism of HyperText Markup Language, is the predominant markup language for Web pages. It provides a means to describe the structure of text-based information in a document?by denoting certain text as links, headings, paragraphs, lists, and so on?and to supplement that text with interactive forms, embedded '... and XML, have proved more popular. The PyGopherd
PyGopherd
PyGopherd is a modern Internet Gopher server written in Python and is maintained by John Goerzen. In addition to support for RFC 1436 Gopher and Gopher+, PyGopherd also supports [] and Wireless Application Protocol.... server, however, provides a built-in WML front-end to Gopher sites served with it.
Windows Internet Explorer , commonly abbreviated to IE, is a series of graphical user interface web browsers developed by Microsoft and included as part of the Microsoft Windows line of operating systems starting in 1995....
Internet Explorer 1.0 debuted from Microsoft in August 1995. It was a reworked version of Spyglass Mosaic which Microsoft had licensed, like many other companies initiating browser development, from Spyglass Inc....
Microsoft Internet Explorer 6 , is a graphical user interface web browser developed by Microsoft and included as part of the Microsoft Windows XP and Windows Server 2003 lines of operating systems.... RTM
Re-enable with registry patch. Always uses port 70.
Internet Explorer for Mac was a Proprietary software web browser developed by Microsoft for the Macintosh platform. Initial versions were developed from the same code base as Internet Explorer....
Mozilla Firefox is a web browser descended from the Mozilla Application Suite and managed by Mozilla Corporation. Official versions are distributed under the terms of the proprietary EULA....
Seamonkey may refer to:* Sea-Monkey, a sales trade name for a certain hybrid of brine shrimps* SeaMonkey, a web browser suite. It is the continuation of the Mozilla Application Suite ...
Camino is a free software, open source, graphical user interface Web browser based on Mozilla Foundation's Gecko and specifically designed for the Mac OS X operating system....
Konqueror is a web browser, file manager and file viewer designed as a core part of the KDE. It is developed by volunteers and can run on most Unix-like operating systems....
Lynx is a free open-source, text-only World Wide Web web browser for use on cursor-addressable, character cell computer terminal. Supported protocols are Gopher , [], [], FTP, Wide area information server, and NNTP....
ELinks is a free software text-based console web browser for Unix-like operating systems.It began in late 2001 as an Experimental fork by Petr Baudis of the Links Web browser, hence the name....
Safari is a web browser developed by Apple Inc.. First released as a beta on January 7, 2003 on the company's Mac OS X operating system, it became Apple's default browser beginning with Mac OS X v10.3, commonly known as "OS X Panther." Apple has also made Safari the native browser for the iPhone OS....
Opera is a web browser and Internet suite developed by the Opera Software company. Opera handles common Internet-related tasks such as displaying web sites, sending and receiving e-mail messages, managing contacts, IRC online chatting, downloading files via BitTorrent , and reading web feeds....
Windows Internet Explorer , commonly abbreviated to IE, is a series of graphical user interface web browsers developed by Microsoft and included as part of the Microsoft Windows line of operating systems starting in 1995.... versions 5.* and 6 for Windows in June 2002 by a patch meant to fix a security vulnerability in the browser's Gopher protocol handler; however, it can be re-enabled by editing the Windows registry
Windows registry
The Windows Registry is a directory which stores settings and options for Microsoft Windows operating systems. It contains information and settings for all the hardware, operating system software, most non-operating system software, and per-user settings.... .
In Internet Explorer 7
Internet Explorer 7
Windows Internet Explorer 7 is a web browser released by Microsoft in October 2006. Internet Explorer 7 is part of a long line of versions of Internet Explorer and was the first major update to the browser in more than 5 years.... , Gopher support was removed on the WinINET level.
The Mozilla Application Suite is a cross-platform integrated Internet suite. Its development was initiated by Netscape Communications Corporation, before their acquisition by AOL.... (deprecated), still support the protocol, but incompletely—the most obvious deficiency is that they cannot display the informational text found on many Gopher menus.
Gopher clients
Gopher was at its height of popularity during a time when there were still many equally competing computer architectures and operating systems. As such, there are several Gopher Clients available for Acorn RISC OS, AmigaOS
AmigaOS
AmigaOS is the default native operating system of the Amiga personal computer. It was developed first by Commodore International, and initially introduced in 1985 with the Amiga 1000.... , Atari MiNT
MiNT
MiNT is a free software alternative operating system Kernel for the Atari ST and its successors. Together with the free system components fVDI , XaAES , and TeraDesk , MiNT provides a free Atari TOS compatible replacement OS that is capable of computer multitasking.... , CMS
Conversational Monitor System
The Conversational Monitor System is a relatively simple interactive computing single-user operating system.* CMS is part of IBM's VM , which runs on IBM mainframe computers.... , DOS
DOS
DOS, short for "Disk Operating System", is a shorthand term for several closely related operating systems that dominated the IBM PC compatible market between 1981 and 1995, or until about 2000 if one includes the partially DOS-based Microsoft Windows versions Windows 95, Windows 98, and Windows Me.... , MacOS 7x, MVS
MVS
Multiple Virtual Storage, more commonly called MVS, was the most commonly used operating system on the System/370 and System/390 IBM mainframes.... , NeXT
NeXT
NeXT, Inc. was an American computer company headquartered in Redwood City, California, California, that developed and manufactured a series of computer workstations intended for the higher education and business markets.... , OS/2 Warp
OS/2
OS/2 is a computer operating system, initially created by Microsoft and IBM, then later developed by IBM exclusively. The name stands for "Operating System/2," because it was introduced as part of the same generation change release as IBM's "IBM Personal System/2 " line of second-generation personal computers.... , most UNIX-like operating systems, VMS
OpenVMS
OpenVMS , previously known as VAX-11/VMS, VAX/VMS or VMS, is the name of a high-end computer server operating system that runs on the VAX and DEC Alpha families of computers, developed by Digital Equipment Corporation of Maynard, Massachusetts, Massachusetts , and most recently on Hewlett-Packard systems built around the In... , Windows 3x
Windows 3.1x
Windows 3.1x is a line of operating systems produced by Microsoft for use on personal computers. The line began with Windows 3.1, which was released in March 1992 as a successor to Windows 3.0.... , and Windows 9x
Windows 9x
Windows 9x is the family of Microsoft Windows operating systems that comprises the hybrid 16/32-bit Windows versions: Windows 95, Windows 98, which were produced in the 1990s, and often also Windows Me, which was produced in 2000.... . GopherVR
GopherVR
GopherVR is an enhanced version of the Unix and Mac OS Gopher clients that includes a 3D visualization tool for viewing resource collections as 3D scenes.... was a client designed for 3D visualization, and there is even a Gopher Client MOO object
Moo
Moo or MOO can refer to a wide variety of things.* An onomatopoeia imitating the sound made by a cattle*Molly Moo-Cow, an animated character dating from the 1930s... . The majority of these clients are hard coded to work on Port 70.
Example Gopher Web Search:
gopher://gopher.floodgap.com/7/v2/vs
Gopher to HTTP gateways
Users of Web browsers that have incomplete or no support for Gopher can access content on Gopher servers via a server gateway that converts Gopher menus into HTML
HTML
HTML, an Acronym and initialism of HyperText Markup Language, is the predominant markup language for Web pages. It provides a means to describe the structure of text-based information in a document?by denoting certain text as links, headings, paragraphs, lists, and so on?and to supplement that text with interactive forms, embedded '... . One such server is at . By default any Squid cache
Squid cache
Squid is a proxy server and web cache daemon . It has a wide variety of uses, from speeding up a web server by caching repeated requests, to caching World Wide Web, Domain Name System and other computer network lookups for a group of people sharing network resources, to aiding security by filtering traffic.... proxy server will act as a Gopher to HTTP gateway.
PyGopherd is a modern Internet Gopher server written in Python and is maintained by John Goerzen. In addition to support for RFC 1436 Gopher and Gopher+, PyGopherd also supports [] and Wireless Application Protocol.... , also have built-in Gopher to HTTP interfaces.
Gopher characteristics
Gopher functions and appears much like a mountable read-only global network file system
Network File System
Network File System is a network file system protocol originally developed by Sun Microsystems in 1984, allowing a user on a client computer to access files over a computer network as easily as if the network devices were attached to its local disks.... (and software, such as [gopher://hal3000.cx/1/Begin_Here/Clients/Unix-based/gopherfs gopherfs], is available that can actually mount a Gopher server as a FUSE
Filesystem in Userspace
Filesystem in Userspace is a loadable kernel module for Unix-like computer operating systems, that allows non-privileged users to create their own file systems without editing the Kernel code.... resource). At a minimum, whatever a person can do with data files on a CD-ROM
CD-ROM
CD-ROM is a pre-pressed Compact Disc that contains Computer data storage accessible to, but not writable by, a computer. While the Compact Disc format was originally designed for music storage and playback, the 1985 Yellow Book standard developed by Sony and Philips adapted the format to hold any form of Binary file.... , they can do on Gopher.
A Gopher system consists of a series of hierarchical hyperlinkable menus. The choice of menu items and titles is controlled by the administrator of the server.
Similar to a file on a Web server, a file on a Gopher server can be linked to as a menu item from any other Gopher server. Many servers take advantage of this inter-server linking to provide a directory of other servers that the user can access.
The Internet Assigned Numbers Authority is the entity that oversees global IP address, root nameserver for the Domain Name System , Internet media type, and other Internet protocol assignments.... has assigned TCP
Transmission Control Protocol
The Transmission Control Protocol is one of the core protocols of the Internet Protocol Suite. TCP is so central that the entire suite is often referred to as "TCP/IP".... port 70 to the Gopher protocol.
The gopher protocol is extremely simple in its conception, making it possible to browse without using a client. A standard gopher Telnet
TELNET
Telnet is a network protocol used on the Internet or Local Area Network connections. It was developed in 1969 beginning with RFC 15 and standardized as Internet Engineering Task Force STD 8, one of the first Internet standards.... session may therefore appear as follows:
telnet quux.org 70
Trying 64.85.160.193...
Connected to quux.org.
Escape character is '^]'.
/Reference
1CIA World Factbook /Archives/mirrors/textfiles.com/politics/CIA gopher.quux.org 70
0Jargon 4.2.0 /Reference/Jargon 4.2.0 gopher.quux.org 70 +
1Online Libraries /Reference/Online Libraries gopher.quux.org 70 +
1RFCs: Internet Standards /Computers/Standards and Specs/RFC gopher.quux.org 70
1U.S. Gazetteer /Reference/U.S. Gazetteer gopher.quux.org 70 +
iThis file contains information on United Statesfake (NULL) 0
icities, counties, and geographical areas. It has fake (NULL) 0
ilatitude/longitude, population, land and water area, fake (NULL) 0
iand ZIP codes. fake (NULL) 0
i fake (NULL) 0
iTo search for a city, enter the city's name. To searchfake (NULL) 0
ifor a county, use the name plus County -- for instance,fake (NULL) 0
iDallas County. fake (NULL) 0
Connection closed by foreign host.
Here, the client has established a TCP connection with the server, on Port 70, the standard gopher port. The client then it sends "/Reference" followed by a carriage return followed by a line feed
Newline
In computing, a newline is a special character or sequence of characters signifying the end of a line of text. The name comes from the fact that the next character after the newline will appear on a new line?that is, on the next line below the text, immediately proceeding the newline.... (a "CR + LF" sequence). This is the item selector, which identifies the document to be retrieved. If the item selector were an empty line, the default directory will be selected. The server then replies with the requested item and closes the connection. According to the protocol, before the connection is closed, the server should send a full-stop on a line by itself. However, as is the case here, not all servers conform to this part of the protocol and the server may close the connection without returning the final full-stop.
In this example, the item sent back is a directory, consisting of a sequence of lines, each of which describes an item that can be retrieved. Most clients will display these as hypertext
Hypertext
Hypertext is text, displayed on a computer, with references to other text that the reader can immediately follow, usually by a mouse click or keypress sequence.... links, and so allow the user to navigate through the gopherspace by following the links.
All lines in a directory listing are ended with "CR + LF" and consist of five fields: Type (see below), User_Name (i.e. the description text to display), Selector (i.e. a file-system pathname), Host (i.e. the domain name of the server on which the item resides), and Port (i.e. the port number used by that server). The Type and User_Name fields are joined without a space; while the other fields are separated by tabs.
Gopher File-Types
File-types are described in gopher menus by a single number or (case specific) letter. Every client must understand file-types 0 and 1. All known clients understand file-types 0 through 9, g, and s; while all but the very oldest also understand file-types h and i.
In computing, plain text is a term used for an ordinary "unformatted" sequential file readable as textual material without much processing.The Character encoding has traditionally been either ASCII, one of its many derivatives such as ISO/IEC 646 etc., or sometimes EBCDIC.... file
In computing, a directory, folder, catalog, or drawer is a virtual container within a digital file system, in which groups of files and other directories can be kept and organized.... menu listing
BinHex, short for "binary-to-hexadecimal", is a binary-to-text encoding system that was used on the Mac OS for sending binary files through e-mail.... text file
A file archiver is a computer program that combines a number of computer file together into one archive file, or a series of archive files, for easier transportation or storage.... file
Telnet is a network protocol used on the Internet or Local Area Network connections. It was developed in 1969 beginning with RFC 15 and standardized as Internet Engineering Task Force STD 8, one of the first Internet standards.... pointer
A binary file is a computer file which may contain any type of data, encoded in Binary numeral system form for computer storage and processing purposes; for example, Document file format containing formatted text....
The Graphics Interchange Format is a Raster graphics that was introduced by CompuServe in 1987 and has since come into widespread usage on the World Wide Web due to its wide support and portability.... file
HTML, an Acronym and initialism of HyperText Markup Language, is the predominant markup language for Web pages. It provides a means to describe the structure of text-based information in a document?by denoting certain text as links, headings, paragraphs, lists, and so on?and to supplement that text with interactive forms, embedded '... file
WAV , short for Waveform audio format, is a Microsoft and International Business Machines audio file format standard for storing an audio bitstream on personal computer.... file
A list of additional file-type definitions has continued to evolve over time, with some clients supporting them and others not. As such, many servers assign the generic 9 to every binary file, hoping that the client's computer will be able to correctly process the file.
URL links
Historically, to create a link to a Web server, "GET /" was used as the file to simulate an HTTP client request. John Goerzen
John Goerzen
John Goerzen is a prominent member of the Internet Gopher community and a former president/chairman of Software in the Public Interest. He is the developer for the PyGopherd Gopher server and runs [gopher://gopher.quux.org/ gopher.quux.org], one of the largest maintained Gopher servers.... created an addition to the Gopher protocol, commonly referred to as "URL
Uniform Resource Locator
In Information technology, a Uniform Resource Locator is a type of Uniform Resource Identifier that specifies where an identified resource is available and the mechanism for retrieving it.... links", that allows links to any protocol that supports URLs. For example, to create a link to http://gopher.quux.org, the item type is "h", the description is arbitrary, the item selector is "URL:http://gopher.quux.org", and the domain and port are that of the originating Gopher server. For clients that do not support URL links, the server creates an HTML redirection page.
Veronica is a Search engine system for the Gopher , developed in 1992 by Steven Foster and Fred Barrie at the University of Nevada, Reno.Veronica is a constantly updated database of the names of almost every menu item on thousands of Gopher servers.... . Veronica offers a keyword search of most Gopher server menu titles in the gopher web. A Veronica search produces a menu of Gopher items, each of which is a direct pointer to a Gopher data source. Currently, there is only one Veronica-2 server.
GopherVR is an enhanced version of the Unix and Mac OS Gopher clients that includes a 3D visualization tool for viewing resource collections as 3D scenes.... is a 3D variant of the original Gopher system.
bucktooth is one of the modern servers for Gopher written by Cameron Kaiser. Instead of using the .link and .cap files found in the University of Minnesota gopherd, bucktooth uses the gophermap format.... — modern gopher server written in Perl.
[gopher://gopher.r-36.net/1/geomyidae.gph Geomyidae] — written in C. Public domain
[gopher://gopher.pcrpg.org Gopher Cannon] — Win32/Win64, freeware, written in .NET 3.5
[gopher://gopher.viste-family.net/1/grumpy Grumpy] — Linux, GPLv3, written in FreeBASIC
FreeBASIC
FreeBASIC is a free software/open source , 32-bit BASIC compiler for Microsoft Windows, protected-mode DOS , Linux, and Xbox.FreeBASIC allows a high level of support for Computer programs written for QBasic, by using the "QB" dialect.... .
PyGopherd is a modern Internet Gopher server written in Python and is maintained by John Goerzen. In addition to support for RFC 1436 Gopher and Gopher+, PyGopherd also supports [] and Wireless Application Protocol.... — modern gopher+ server written in Python.
Veronica is a Search engine system for the Gopher , developed in 1992 by Steven Foster and Fred Barrie at the University of Nevada, Reno.Veronica is a constantly updated database of the names of almost every menu item on thousands of Gopher servers.... — the search engine system for the Gopher protocol, an acronym for "Very Easy Rodent-Oriented Net-wide Index to Computer Archives".
Jugtail — an alternative search engine system for the Gopher protocol. Jugtail was formerly known as Jughead.
Gopher+ is a forward compatible enhancement to the Request for Comments [ftp://ftp.ietf.org/rfc/rfc1436.txt 1436] Gopher . Gopher+ works by sending extra data between the client and the server.... — early proposed extensions to the Gopher protocol
Super Dimension Fortress is one of the oldest and largest nonprofit public access Unix systems on the Internet.It has been in continual operation since 1987 as a non-profit organization starting as a social club, evolving into a community supported public access UNIX.... — a non-profit organization which provides free Gopher hosting
The term "phlog" may also be used to refer to a PhotoblogA phlog is a type of daybook, similar to a blog, but run off a Gopher protocol server.... — The gopher version of a weblog
Wide Area Information Servers or WAIS is a client-server text searching system that uses the American National Standards Institute Standard Z39.50 Information Retrieval Service Definition and Protocol Specifications for Library Applications" to search index databases on remote computers.... — a search engine whose popularity was contemporary with Gopher
External links
[gopher://hal3000.cx/1/Begin_Here Archive of every known Gopher server and client software] (gopher link)
[gopher://gopher.floodgap.com/1/new List of new Gopher servers since 1999] (gopher link)
Standards
[gopher://hal3000.cx/1/Begin_Here/References Gopher Reference Material Repository] (gopher link)
