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In particle physics
Particle physics

Particle physics is a branch of physics that studies the elementary particle constituents of matter and radiation, and the interactions between them....
, a glueball is a hypothetical composite particle
Subatomic particle

A subatomic particle is an elementary particle or composite particle particle smaller than an atom. Particle physics and nuclear physics are concerned with the study of these particles, their interactions, and non-atomic QCD matter....
. It solely consists of gluon particles, without valence quark
Quark

Quarks are a type of elementary particle and major constituents of matter. They are the only particles in the Standard Model to experience all four fundamental interaction, which are also known as fundamental interactions....
s. Such a state is possible because gluons carry color charge
Color charge

In particle physics, color charge is a property of quarks and gluons which are related to their strong interactions in the context of quantum chromodynamics ....
 and experience the strong interaction
Strong interaction

In particle physics, the strong interaction, or strong force, or color force, holds quarks and gluons together to form protons, neutrons and other particles....
. Glueballs are extremely difficult to identify in particle accelerator
Particle accelerator

A particle accelerator is a device that uses electric fields to propel electric charge Elementary particles to high speeds and to contain them....
s, because they mix
Quantum superposition

Quantum superposition is the fundamental law of quantum mechanics. It defines the allowed state space of a quantum mechanical system.In Probability theory, every possible event has a non-negative real number between zero and one associated to it, the probability, which gives the chance that it happens....
 with ordinary meson
Meson

In particle physics, mesons are subatomic particles composed of one quark and one antiquark. They are part of the hadron particle family ? particles made of quarks....
 states.

Theoretical calculations show that glueballs should exist at energy ranges accessible with current collider
Collider

A collider is a type of a particle accelerator involving directed beams of elementary particle.Colliders may either be Particle accelerator#Circular or cyclic acceleratorss or linear accelerators....
 technology.






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Encyclopedia


In particle physics
Particle physics

Particle physics is a branch of physics that studies the elementary particle constituents of matter and radiation, and the interactions between them....
, a glueball is a hypothetical composite particle
Subatomic particle

A subatomic particle is an elementary particle or composite particle particle smaller than an atom. Particle physics and nuclear physics are concerned with the study of these particles, their interactions, and non-atomic QCD matter....
. It solely consists of gluon particles, without valence quark
Quark

Quarks are a type of elementary particle and major constituents of matter. They are the only particles in the Standard Model to experience all four fundamental interaction, which are also known as fundamental interactions....
s. Such a state is possible because gluons carry color charge
Color charge

In particle physics, color charge is a property of quarks and gluons which are related to their strong interactions in the context of quantum chromodynamics ....
 and experience the strong interaction
Strong interaction

In particle physics, the strong interaction, or strong force, or color force, holds quarks and gluons together to form protons, neutrons and other particles....
. Glueballs are extremely difficult to identify in particle accelerator
Particle accelerator

A particle accelerator is a device that uses electric fields to propel electric charge Elementary particles to high speeds and to contain them....
s, because they mix
Quantum superposition

Quantum superposition is the fundamental law of quantum mechanics. It defines the allowed state space of a quantum mechanical system.In Probability theory, every possible event has a non-negative real number between zero and one associated to it, the probability, which gives the chance that it happens....
 with ordinary meson
Meson

In particle physics, mesons are subatomic particles composed of one quark and one antiquark. They are part of the hadron particle family ? particles made of quarks....
 states.

Theoretical calculations show that glueballs should exist at energy ranges accessible with current collider
Collider

A collider is a type of a particle accelerator involving directed beams of elementary particle.Colliders may either be Particle accelerator#Circular or cyclic acceleratorss or linear accelerators....
 technology. However, due to the mentioned difficulty, they have so far not been observed and identified with certainty.

See also

  • Exotic meson
    Exotic meson

    Non-quark model mesons include#exotic mesons, which have quantum numbers not possible for mesons in the quark model;#glueballs or gluonium, which have no quark model quarks at all;...
  • GlueX
    GlueX

    GlueX will be a particle physics experiment located at the Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility particle accelerator. Its primary purpose is to understand the nature of color confinement in quantum chromodynamics by mapping the spectrum of exotic mesons generated by the excitation of the gluonic field binding the quarks....


Further reading

  • Frank Close
    Frank Close

    Frank Close Order of the British Empire is a noted particle physicist who is currently Professor of Physics at the University of Oxford and a Fellow of Exeter College, Oxford....
     and Phillip R. Page, "Glueballs", Scientific American, vol. 279 no. 5 (November 1998) pp. 80-85