Francisco Tadeo Calomarde y Arría
Encyclopedia
Francisco Tadeo Calomarde y Arría (10 February 1773 – 19 July 1842) was a Spanish
statesman.
, Aragon
, to poor parents.
He studied law in Zaragoza
, and procured through the marriage with the ugly niece of the royal personal physician Berga a post in the ministry of law--a marriage, he had to be threatened to be sent to the galleys by the king. 1808, Calomarde followed the central junta of Aranjuez
, who's lead he had become, to Seville
and Cádiz
, but was after the return of Ferdinand VII the first to acclaim the absolute monarch, for which he was named first administrator at the Secretaria general de Indias. For fraudulent sale of an American diocese, he was banished to Toledo
, and, after his secret return to Madrid
to Pamplona
. After the restitution of the constitution in 1820, he joined the liberals again, true to his flawed character, but only gained renewed influence after the abolishment of the constitution in 1823. He became secretary of the regency based in Madrid, then as a willing tool of the reactionaries
the secretary of the Camara del real patronato, finally, 1824, Secretary of Justice.
For eight years now the most important matters of the state passed through his hands, and the protection of the weak king secured him unfettered power, which he used to suppress freedom through the secret police
, to retrain the Jesuits, restitute the monasteries and ruthlessly prosecute the Liberals. At the same time, he tried to secure the favors of Don Carlos
, while he punished the Carlist uprising with great severity. When in September 1832, Ferdinand VII was struck by such a severe stroke of gout
that he was claimed dead, Calomarde was the first to greet Carlos as king. When the king recovered, Calomarde persuaded him to revoke his decrets and will, where the queen was named regent of the country, and to reinstate the Salic law
s.
The king however, on his unexpected convalescence, declared the change of testament on December 31, 1832 for void. Calomarde was banished to his estates in Aragon, and ordered to be arrested, but escaped disguised to France
, where he died in Toulouse.
Spain
Spain , officially the Kingdom of Spain languages]] under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages. In each of these, Spain's official name is as follows:;;;;;;), is a country and member state of the European Union located in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula...
statesman.
Biography
Calomarde was born in VillelVillel
Villel is a municipality located in the province of Teruel, Aragon, Spain. , the municipality has a population of 366 inhabitants.Villel is home to a ruined medieval castle. It is the birthplace of 19th century statesman Francisco Tadeo Calomarde....
, Aragon
Aragon
Aragon is a modern autonomous community in Spain, coextensive with the medieval Kingdom of Aragon. Located in northeastern Spain, the Aragonese autonomous community comprises three provinces : Huesca, Zaragoza, and Teruel. Its capital is Zaragoza...
, to poor parents.
He studied law in Zaragoza
Zaragoza
Zaragoza , also called Saragossa in English, is the capital city of the Zaragoza Province and of the autonomous community of Aragon, Spain...
, and procured through the marriage with the ugly niece of the royal personal physician Berga a post in the ministry of law--a marriage, he had to be threatened to be sent to the galleys by the king. 1808, Calomarde followed the central junta of Aranjuez
Mutiny of Aranjuez
The Mutiny of Aranjuez, or Motín de Aranjuez as it is known in Spain, was an early nineteenth century popular uprising against King Charles IV, which managed to overthrow him and place his son, Ferdinand VII, on the throne...
, who's lead he had become, to Seville
Seville
Seville is the artistic, historic, cultural, and financial capital of southern Spain. It is the capital of the autonomous community of Andalusia and of the province of Seville. It is situated on the plain of the River Guadalquivir, with an average elevation of above sea level...
and Cádiz
Cádiz
Cadiz is a city and port in southwestern Spain. It is the capital of the homonymous province, one of eight which make up the autonomous community of Andalusia....
, but was after the return of Ferdinand VII the first to acclaim the absolute monarch, for which he was named first administrator at the Secretaria general de Indias. For fraudulent sale of an American diocese, he was banished to Toledo
Toledo, Spain
Toledo's Alcázar became renowned in the 19th and 20th centuries as a military academy. At the outbreak of the Spanish Civil War in 1936 its garrison was famously besieged by Republican forces.-Economy:...
, and, after his secret return to Madrid
Madrid
Madrid is the capital and largest city of Spain. The population of the city is roughly 3.3 million and the entire population of the Madrid metropolitan area is calculated to be 6.271 million. It is the third largest city in the European Union, after London and Berlin, and its metropolitan...
to Pamplona
Pamplona
Pamplona is the historial capital city of Navarre, in Spain, and of the former kingdom of Navarre.The city is famous worldwide for the San Fermín festival, from July 6 to 14, in which the running of the bulls is one of the main attractions...
. After the restitution of the constitution in 1820, he joined the liberals again, true to his flawed character, but only gained renewed influence after the abolishment of the constitution in 1823. He became secretary of the regency based in Madrid, then as a willing tool of the reactionaries
Reactionary
The term reactionary refers to viewpoints that seek to return to a previous state in a society. The term is meant to describe one end of a political spectrum whose opposite pole is "radical". While it has not been generally considered a term of praise it has been adopted as a self-description by...
the secretary of the Camara del real patronato, finally, 1824, Secretary of Justice.
For eight years now the most important matters of the state passed through his hands, and the protection of the weak king secured him unfettered power, which he used to suppress freedom through the secret police
Secret police
Secret police are a police agency which operates in secrecy and beyond the law to protect the political power of an individual dictator or an authoritarian political regime....
, to retrain the Jesuits, restitute the monasteries and ruthlessly prosecute the Liberals. At the same time, he tried to secure the favors of Don Carlos
Infante Carlos, Count of Molina
The Infante Carlos of Spain was the second surviving son of King Charles IV of Spain and of his wife, Maria Luisa of Parma. As Carlos V he was the first of the Carlist claimants to the throne of Spain...
, while he punished the Carlist uprising with great severity. When in September 1832, Ferdinand VII was struck by such a severe stroke of gout
Gout
Gout is a medical condition usually characterized by recurrent attacks of acute inflammatory arthritis—a red, tender, hot, swollen joint. The metatarsal-phalangeal joint at the base of the big toe is the most commonly affected . However, it may also present as tophi, kidney stones, or urate...
that he was claimed dead, Calomarde was the first to greet Carlos as king. When the king recovered, Calomarde persuaded him to revoke his decrets and will, where the queen was named regent of the country, and to reinstate the Salic law
Salic law
Salic law was a body of traditional law codified for governing the Salian Franks in the early Middle Ages during the reign of King Clovis I in the 6th century...
s.
The king however, on his unexpected convalescence, declared the change of testament on December 31, 1832 for void. Calomarde was banished to his estates in Aragon, and ordered to be arrested, but escaped disguised to France
France
The French Republic , The French Republic , The French Republic , (commonly known as France , is a unitary semi-presidential republic in Western Europe with several overseas territories and islands located on other continents and in the Indian, Pacific, and Atlantic oceans. Metropolitan France...
, where he died in Toulouse.
See also
- Ominous DecadeOminous DecadeThe Ominous Decade is a term used to define the last ten years of reign of King Ferdinand VII of Spain, dating from the abolition of the Spanish Constitution of 1812, on 1 October 1823, and his death on 29 September 1833....
- CarlismCarlismCarlism is a traditionalist and legitimist political movement in Spain seeking the establishment of a separate line of the Bourbon family on the Spanish throne. This line descended from Infante Carlos, Count of Molina , and was founded due to dispute over the succession laws and widespread...