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Forbury Gardens
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Forbury Gardens is a public park in the town of Reading in the English county of Berkshire.
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Encyclopedia
Forbury Gardens is a public park in the town of Reading in the English county of Berkshire. The park is on the site of the outer court of Reading Abbey, which was in front of the Abbey Church. Fairs were held on the site three times a year until the early 1800s.
The Dunedin, New Zealand, suburb of Forbury was named for the gardens by early resident William Henry Valpy, who was born in Reading.
History
In bygone days, monasteries in English towns had a forbury, which was simply a 'borough in front', or a large area of open land either just inside or just outside the abbey walls. The monks and the townspeople could mix freely together there. The Forbury in Reading was part of the outer court of the Abbey, and provided a market place as well as a meeting place.
In 1150, Forbury Hill was constructed to help fortify the Abbey during the war between King Henry I's daughter, Matilda, and his nephew, Stephen.
In 1539, after Hugh Cook of Farringdon, the last abbot, was hung drawn and quartered, the Abbey had ceased to be a religious centre and was confiscated by the Crown to became a royal palace. This was part of Henry VIII's dissolution of the monasteries in the 1530s.
In the English Civil War (which started in 1642), Forbury Hill was used as a gun emplacement during the siege of Reading. The abbey sustained further damage during the war.
Forbury Hill and the eastern section of the present gardens were sold to Reading Corporation in 1854. In those days, the site was on the edge of town, and had been used as a rubbish tip. A pleasure garden 'with a botanical character' including a fountain and summer house were planned, and work began in 1855. The Pleasure Gardens opened on Easter Sunday 1856. The western part of the gardens were bought a year later. Until 1873 it was separated from the Pleasure Gardens by a wall. A tunnel was built on the eastern side in 1859 to link the gardens and the Abbey ruins.
The Maiwand Lion statue was erected in 1886 to commemorate the officers and men of the Royal Berkshire Regiment, who had fought in the Battle of Maiwand at Girishk Maiwand and Kandahar in Afghanistan in 1880. A cross memorializing Henry I was put up at about the same time on the north west corner of the footings of the Abbey Church.
The Victoria Gates on the southern side of the gardens commemorate Queen Victoria's Diamond Jubilee in 1897. The shields on the gates are those of the Borough and the Abbey.
The gardens today
A grand re-opening event took place on May 14 2005, to mark the completion of a one year restoration project. The Heritage Lottery Fund awarded Reading Borough Council £2.13 million to restore the historic features of the Forbury Gardens and improve safety and access for visitors. The scheme was developed in consultation with residents and interested local groups.
Work in the gardens themselves has included the restoration of the Forbury Lion, the bandstand, water feature and the garden's walls, fencing and gateways.
The new Keeper's Lodge also includes a refreshment kiosk, public toilets and a resident gardener.
After the restoration, closed circuit cameras monitor the whole Gardens area, in a bid to deter the drug users and other miscreants that used to make ordinary people fearful of using the public gardens. The garden has received a Green Flag Award for being welcoming, safe, well maintained and involving the community.
The Maiwand Lion was named after a village in Afghanistan and was built by George Blackall Simonds to commemorate the deaths of 329 men from the 66th Berkshire Regiment in the Battle of Maiwand. It is sometimes known locally as the Forbury Lion.
The bandstand was renovated recently as part of a heritage restoration project. Reading Borough Council organises summer concerts there on Sunday afternoons during July and August.
The Hill is now accessible by two winding footpaths (wheelchair-accessible) that lead to an area that is elevated about 3 metres above the surrounding gardens. A single plane tree stands in the middle, and around the outer edge of the top of the hill are wooden seats.
There is a mulberry tree dating from Victorian times in the Inner Forbury area very close to the kiosk.
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