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Fender Esquire
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The Fender Esquire is a solid body electric guitar manufactured by Fender, and was the first guitar sold by Fender in 1950. Shortly after its introduction, the two-pickup version of the Esquire was first renamed Broadcaster, and then Telecaster, while the one-pickup version retained the Esquire name. Although the one-pickup Esquire was manufactured first, it is now generally regarded as a variant of the more popular Telecaster.
first prototype for the Esquire (and the later Telecaster) was completed by Leo Fender in the fall of 1949.
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Encyclopedia
The Fender Esquire is a solid body electric guitar manufactured by Fender, and was the first guitar sold by Fender in 1950. Shortly after its introduction, the two-pickup version of the Esquire was first renamed Broadcaster, and then Telecaster, while the one-pickup version retained the Esquire name. Although the one-pickup Esquire was manufactured first, it is now generally regarded as a variant of the more popular Telecaster.
Early development
The first prototype for the Esquire (and the later Telecaster) was completed by Leo Fender in the fall of 1949. The prototype shared with these guitars the now-familiar slab body shape with single cutaway to allow easier access to the upper frets. It likewise featured the distinctive combination bridge and pickup assembly, with a slanted pickup with individual pole pieces for each string, and three bridge saddles which allowed adjustment of string length in pairs and individual string height. The neck, like the first Esquires manufactured in 1950, was made from a single piece of maple without a truss rod. The neck was attached to the body with four screws and an anchor plate, unlike in traditional guitar construction, where a tenon on the neck is glued into the body. Unlike the Esquire, the neck was wider at the nut, and the head had 3 tuners on each side. The prototype differed from the later production guitars in several other respects: the body was made of pinewood, it was painted opaque white, its scratch plate covered the lower bout only, it lacked a selector switch, and its volume and tone knobs were mounted on a slanted plate. Like the production models, it had a removable pickup cover, but unlike on the production models, the cover had straight sides. Like all Esquires manufactured from 1951 onwards, the prototype had only one pickup.
Over the winter of 1949/50, Fender refined the design. The neck width at the nut was narrowed, and the head modified to accommodate all six tuners on one side. A tone selector switch was added, and the controls were mounted on a plate parallel to the strings. The scratch plate was enlarged. Around the spring of 1950, Fender had completed a neck pickup design, which was smaller than the lead pickup and was encased in a metal shielding cover. However, this last feature was not to make it onto Fender's first commercially introduced guitar, as Fender's distributor, the Radio & Television Equipment Company (RTEC), had decided that it would be easier to sell the single pickup version of the guitar.
The 1950 Esquire
The single pickup guitar was first manufactured in April 1950, and made its commercial debut as the Esquire in RTEC's Spring catalogue of that year. While the guitar pictured in the catalogue was painted black and had a white scratch plate, most of the Esquires produced at the time were painted semi-transparent "butterscotch" blonde and had a black scratch plate. Unlike the pinewood prototype, the bodies (thinner than the Broadcaster's at 1.5", instead of 1.75") were made of solid ash. The dual pickup version was first manufactured in June of that year. Neither version had a truss rod at that time, though in November, the dual pickup version acquired one and was renamed the Broadcaster. Following objections from Gretsch who produced a similarly-named drum kit, this name was dropped, and some guitars were shipped without names until the name Telecaster was adopted.
The Esquire from 1951 to present
Following the renaming of the dual pickup Broadcaster, production and promotion of the single pickup Esquire was briefly discontinued. It was reintroduced with a truss rod in January 1951. The only external differences between these second generation Esquires and the Broadcasters and Telecasters of 1951 are the lack of a neck pickup, and the Esquire label on the head. Although the Esquire had only a single pickup, it retained the three-way switch of the two-pickup guitars. This switch modified the tone of the pickup by making it bassier in the forward position, while enabling use of the tone control knob in the middle position. With the switch in the rear position, these tone controls were bypassed entirely for a "hotter" lead tone.
The Fender Esquire is responsible for creating one of the most distinctive and recognized sounds in American music history, as in 1954 Luther Perkins picked up a Honey Blonde Esquire and played it, recording the first Johnny Cash songs "Wide Open Road" and "Hey Porter". This guitar can also be heard on all records before "I Walk The Line", for which Luther played a new red Esquire. All through his career (which tragically ended in 1968) Perkins used Esquires in Blonde, White, Black, Red and (after 1965, and for example on the album "At Folsom Prison") Sunburst colors. Even though he was given the new Jazzmaster and Jaguar guitars from Leo Fender personally, Luther Perkins always returned to the guitar that had made possible the creation of the legendary "Boom Chicka Boom Sound" that identified Johnny Cash's music.
Like the two-pickup guitar, these Esquires had a routing cavity in the neck pickup position. Thus, with the purchase of a neck pickup and replacement or modification of the scratchplate, players could upgrade their instrument to a guitar identical to the Telecaster in every respect except for the model decal. Bruce Springsteen, for example, has long played an Esquire modified in this way. (Some people may find it worth noting that Bruce Springsteen, in an interview on a DVD that comes with the 30th Anniversary reissue of his 1975 album "Born To Run", has claimed that the guitar he is pictured with on the album cover is, in fact, a hybrid of two guitars, a Telecaster body and Esquire neck, but infact it is a first generation Esquire with two pickup routs. The esquires had Esquire pickguards to cover the neck pickup hole, but his has a neck pickup installed but not connected.
In 1966, Paul McCartney purchased a 1964 Fender Esquire model with a sunburst finish and rosewood fretboard: McCartney bought this guitar, a right-handed model which he restrung and played "upside-down," during the Revolver sessions. Also used on "Good Morning, Good Morning," "Helter Skelter" and "Maybe I'm Amazed," among other cuts from his solo career.
Syd Barrett, the original leader of Pink Floyd, was another prominent Esquire player. His successor David Gilmour, while not as prominent a user as Barrett, used an Esquire with an added pickup (as Springsteen did) on several songs, including "Dogs", "Run Like Hell" and his work on Paul McCartney's album Run Devil Run. On the single, "Born to Be Wild" by Steppenwolf, guitarist Michael Monarch played a single bridge pickup version of the Fender Esquire.
The initial rationale for reintroducing the single pickup Esquire in 1951 had been to offer a more affordable option for musicians who could not afford the two-pickup guitar. However, with the introduction of cheaper student models such as the Mustang, the more expensive Esquire became a less attractive option, and it was sold in smaller and smaller quantities. Consequently, Fender discontinued the Esquire in 1969.
In 1986 Fender Japan began producing the Esquire, based on the 1954 version. It featured threaded saddles and a white pickguard with either a butterscotch blonde or metallic red finish. Some people report that there was also a blackguard version, and a sunburst was also available. These Esquires were imported to the USA, and were incredible guitars in terms of fit and finish. The necks, in particular, were especially nice. Overall, many players prefer this era Esquire to the more recent Mexican-made reissues.
Fender currently offers several '50s Esquire reproductions in their . The company considers the Esquire to be a member of the "family of Telecaster guitars." These Esquires are part of the MIM (made in Mexico) series. The Fender Custom Shop also manufactures a 1959 Esquire reproduction as part of its "Time Machine" series, a model distinguished by its top-loading bridge design.
See also
Citations
External links
- , with some history.
- of current Esquire models.
- at Fender UK has descriptions of the very first Esquire/Telecaster prototype guitar, and of Springsteen's upgraded Esquire (Archived version accessed 18 October 2006).
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