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A chawan is a bowl
Bowl (vessel)

A bowl is a common open-top container used in many cultures to serve food, and is also used for drinking and storing other items. They are typically small and shallow, although some, such as Punch bowls and salad bowls, are larger and often intended to serve many people....
 used for preparing and drinking matcha (powdered green tea
Green tea

'Green tea' is a type of tea made solely with the leaves of Camellia sinensis, that has undergone minimal oxidation during processing. Green tea originates from China and has become associated with many cultures in Asia from Japan to the Middle East....
) in Japanese tea ceremonies
Japanese tea ceremony

What is commonly known in English as the Japanese tea ceremony is called chanoyu or also chado or sado in Japanese....
. In Japan
Japan

Japan is an island country in East Asia. Located in the Pacific Ocean, it lies to the east of the Sea of Japan, People's Republic of China, North Korea, South Korea and Russia, stretching from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north to the East China Sea and Taiwan in the south....
, "chawan" also is the standard term for bowls for rice
Rice

Rice is a staple food for a large part of the world's human population, especially in tropical Latin America, and East Asia, South Asia and Southeast Asia, making it the second-most consumed cereal grain, after maize....
. If it is necessary to distinguish between them, bowls for rice are called gohan chawan (usually pronounced gohan-jawan), while the ones for use in chanoyu are called matcha chawan (matcha-jawan).






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Encyclopedia


Black Raku Tea Bowl
A chawan is a bowl
Bowl (vessel)

A bowl is a common open-top container used in many cultures to serve food, and is also used for drinking and storing other items. They are typically small and shallow, although some, such as Punch bowls and salad bowls, are larger and often intended to serve many people....
 used for preparing and drinking matcha (powdered green tea
Green tea

'Green tea' is a type of tea made solely with the leaves of Camellia sinensis, that has undergone minimal oxidation during processing. Green tea originates from China and has become associated with many cultures in Asia from Japan to the Middle East....
) in Japanese tea ceremonies
Japanese tea ceremony

What is commonly known in English as the Japanese tea ceremony is called chanoyu or also chado or sado in Japanese....
. In Japan
Japan

Japan is an island country in East Asia. Located in the Pacific Ocean, it lies to the east of the Sea of Japan, People's Republic of China, North Korea, South Korea and Russia, stretching from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north to the East China Sea and Taiwan in the south....
, "chawan" also is the standard term for bowls for rice
Rice

Rice is a staple food for a large part of the world's human population, especially in tropical Latin America, and East Asia, South Asia and Southeast Asia, making it the second-most consumed cereal grain, after maize....
. If it is necessary to distinguish between them, bowls for rice are called gohan chawan (usually pronounced gohan-jawan), while the ones for use in chanoyu are called matcha chawan (matcha-jawan). The handle-less cups used for drinking regular course steeped tea are generally referred to as yunomi (lit., cups for hot water), while the small porcelain cups used for fine-quality steeped green tea are often distinguished as senchawan. When the word chawan stands alone, it is normally prefixed with the honorific o-.

There are many types of chawan used in the tea ceremony, and the choice of their use depends upon many considerations.

History


The first chawan for the tea ceremony came from China
China

China is a Culture of China, an ancient civilization, and, depending on perspective, a national or multinational entity extending over a large area in East Asia....
.

Styles and classification


Chawan
In tea ceremony, chawan are classified according to their place of origin or manufacture, colour, shape, materials and other characteristics. More than one classification may apply to a given bowl.

Most chawan are bowl-shaped, but shapes vary widely. There are names for each general shape, within which there may be many variations. Common shapes include cylindrical, flat and round. Cylindrical bowls are called tsutsu-jawan, while shallow bowls are called hira-jawan.

Chawan are also classified according to the type of tea that will be served in them: bowls for "thin tea" are referred to as usuchawan, and those for and "thick tea", koichawan.

Karamono


Karamono refers generally to styles of chawan that originated in China. These bowls were designed for drinking tea. Note that in all cases, the names are Japanese.

  • Tenmoku
    • Haikatsugi
    • Yohen
    • Kensan
    • Yuteki
    • Taihisan
  • Seiji (??, celadon-ware)
  • Hakuji (??, white porcelain)
  • Sometsuki (blue and white porcelain)


Koraimono


Green Tea
Koraimono refers generally to styles of chawan that originated in Korea. Korean chawan were originally rice bowls that were adapted for tea when they entered Japan, much like Chinese oil bottles became tea caddies
Chaki

Chaki is a Japanese term that literally means "tea implement." In the vocabulary of chanoyu, it broadly means 1) any implement used in the practice of chanoyu, and more narrowly means 2) the caddy for the powdered green tea used in the tea-making procedures , although usually this infers 3) the caddies used in the procedures for maki...
. Korean bowls were a favourite of Sen no Rikyu because of their rough simplicity.

  • Iji
  • Mishima
  • Kaki-no-heta
  • Kinsan
  • Ido
  • Goki
  • Gosho Maru
  • Totoya
  • Katade Komogai
  • Kohiki
  • Amamori
  • Hagame
  • Sohaku
  • Gohon
  • Tamagote
  • Soba
  • Unkaku
  • Wari-kodai
  • Iraho


Wamono


Chano1
Wamono can refer to anything that is traditionally Japanese, or made in Japan. In the case of chawan, it refers to styles that were developed in Japan.

Wamono chawan can be further divided by location and by kiln:

Provincial

  • Karatsu
  • Asahi
  • Oku-gorai
  • Iga
  • Hagi
  • Seto
  • Setoguro
  • Izumo
  • Shigaraki
  • Oribe
  • Shonzui
  • Genpin
  • Shino
  • Satsuma


Raku (kiln)

Raku
Raku

Raku-yaki , or Raku ware, is a type of Japanese pottery that is traditionally and primarily used in the Japanese tea ceremony in Japan, most often in the form of tea bowls....
 is also known as raku-yaki.

  • Chojiro I
  • Koetsu
  • Nonko


See also


  • List of Japanese tea ceremony utensils


External links