Charles Stanley Monck, 4th Viscount Monck
Encyclopedia
Charles Stanley Monck, 4th Viscount Monck, GCMG
, PC (Templemore
10 October 1819 – 29 November 1894 Enniskerry
) was the last Governor General of the Province of Canada
and the first Governor General of Canada
after Canadian Confederation
. Prior to Confederation he was concurrently Lieutenant Governor
of both Canada West and Canada East
. He was the son of Charles Joseph Kelly Monck, 3rd Viscount Monck and Bridget Willington.
.
Lord and Lady Monck, and their two sons and two daughters, came to Canada, but they did not remain throughout his term of office as Governor General of Canada. The family resided at Spencerwood
Quebec, during most of their stay in Canada. She died in June, 1892, aged 78. Her husband died in November, 1894, aged 75. They had issue:
. He married his cousin Elizabeth Monck in 1844, and in 1849 he inherited his father's title of Viscount Monck
. In 1852 he was elected MP
for Portsmouth
, and from 1855 to 1858 he served as Lord of the Treasury
under Lord Palmerston.
In 1861 he was appointed Governor General of British North America
as well as Governor of the Province of Canada
. During this time, the Canadian colonies were beginning to organize themselves into a confederation. The American Civil War
had just broken out, and the Trent Affair
caused diplomatic tension between the United States and Britain. The Canadian government was eager to gain some measure of independence during this turbulent period. The Quebec Conference
, the Charlottetown Conference
, and the London Conference
, at which the details of confederation were discussed, all took place during Monck's time as governor. Monck supported the idea, and worked closely with John A. Macdonald
, George Brown
, George-Étienne Cartier
, and Étienne-Paschal Taché
, who formed the "Great Coalition
" in 1864.
In 1866 Viscount Monck became a peer
with the title Baron Monck. When the Canadian colonies became a semi-independent confederation the next year, Monck became the country's first Governor General. Monck was also responsible for establishing Rideau Hall
as the residence of the Governor General in Ottawa
.
In 1868 Monck was succeeded by John Young, 1st Baron Lisgar
. He returned home to Ireland, where he became Lord Lieutenant of Dublin
in 1874. He died in 1894.
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Order of St Michael and St George
The Most Distinguished Order of Saint Michael and Saint George is an order of chivalry founded on 28 April 1818 by George, Prince Regent, later George IV of the United Kingdom, while he was acting as Prince Regent for his father, George III....
, PC (Templemore
Templemore
Templemore is a town in North Tipperary, Ireland. It is a civil parish in the historical barony of Eliogarty. It is part of the Roman Catholic parish of Templemore, Clonmore and Killea....
10 October 1819 – 29 November 1894 Enniskerry
Enniskerry
Enniskerry is a village in County Wicklow, Ireland. It had a population of 2,672 at the 2006 census.- Location :...
) was the last Governor General of the Province of Canada
Province of Canada
The Province of Canada, United Province of Canada, or the United Canadas was a British colony in North America from 1841 to 1867. Its formation reflected recommendations made by John Lambton, 1st Earl of Durham in the Report on the Affairs of British North America following the Rebellions of...
and the first Governor General of Canada
Governor General of Canada
The Governor General of Canada is the federal viceregal representative of the Canadian monarch, Queen Elizabeth II...
after Canadian Confederation
Canadian Confederation
Canadian Confederation was the process by which the federal Dominion of Canada was formed on July 1, 1867. On that day, three British colonies were formed into four Canadian provinces...
. Prior to Confederation he was concurrently Lieutenant Governor
Lieutenant Governor of Ontario
The Lieutenant Governor of Ontario is the viceregal representative in Ontario of the Canadian monarch, Queen Elizabeth II, who operates distinctly within the province but is also shared equally with the ten other jurisdictions of Canada and resides predominantly in her oldest realm, the United...
of both Canada West and Canada East
Canada East
Canada East was the eastern portion of the United Province of Canada. It consisted of the southern portion of the modern-day Canadian Province of Quebec, and was primarily a French-speaking region....
. He was the son of Charles Joseph Kelly Monck, 3rd Viscount Monck and Bridget Willington.
Family
Charles Monck married July 24th, 1844, his first cousin, Lady Elizabeth Louise Mary Monck, daughter of his uncle Henry, the 2nd ViscountHenry Stanley Monck, 1st Earl of Rathdowne
Henry Stanley Monck, 1st Earl of Rathdowne was the son of Charles Stanley Monck, 1st Viscount Monck and Anne Quin. On 28 July 1806 he married Lady Frances Mary Trench, daughter of William Power Keating Trench, 1st Earl of Clancarty and Anne Gardiner...
.
Lord and Lady Monck, and their two sons and two daughters, came to Canada, but they did not remain throughout his term of office as Governor General of Canada. The family resided at Spencerwood
Government House (Quebec)
Quebec's Government House, known as Spencerwood, was the Vice regal residence of Quebec. It was built in 1854. Located at the Bois-de-Coulonge park, it was purchased by the Quebec Government in 1870 and served as the residence of Quebec Lieutenant-Governors until 1966 when a major fire destroyed...
Quebec, during most of their stay in Canada. She died in June, 1892, aged 78. Her husband died in November, 1894, aged 75. They had issue:
- Frances Mary Monck (died 30 Oct 1930)
- Elizabeth Louise Mary Monck (died 16 May 1913)
- Henry Monck, 5th Viscount Monck (born 8 Jan 1849, died 18 Aug 1927)
- Richard Charles Stanley Mountjoy Monck (born 2 Aug 1858, died 13 Dec 1892)
Career
Monck obtained a law degree from Trinity College, DublinTrinity College, Dublin
Trinity College, Dublin , formally known as the College of the Holy and Undivided Trinity of Queen Elizabeth near Dublin, was founded in 1592 by letters patent from Queen Elizabeth I as the "mother of a university", Extracts from Letters Patent of Elizabeth I, 1592: "...we...found and...
. He married his cousin Elizabeth Monck in 1844, and in 1849 he inherited his father's title of Viscount Monck
Viscount Monck
Viscount Monck, of Ballytrammon in the County of Wexford, is a title in the Peerage of Ireland. It was created in 1801 for Charles Monck, 1st Baron Monck. He had already been created Baron Monck, of Ballytrammon in the County of Wexford, in 1797, also in the Peerage of Ireland...
. In 1852 he was elected MP
Member of Parliament
A Member of Parliament is a representative of the voters to a :parliament. In many countries with bicameral parliaments, the term applies specifically to members of the lower house, as upper houses often have a different title, such as senate, and thus also have different titles for its members,...
for Portsmouth
Portsmouth (UK Parliament constituency)
Portsmouth was a borough constituency based upon the borough of Portsmouth in Hampshire. It returned two Members of Parliament to the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom, elected by the bloc vote system.- History :...
, and from 1855 to 1858 he served as Lord of the Treasury
Lord of the Treasury
In the United Kingdom, there are at least six Lords of the Treasury who serve concurrently. Traditionally, this board consists of the First Lord of the Treasury, the Second Lord of the Treasury, and four or more junior lords .Strictly they are commissioners for exercising the office of Lord...
under Lord Palmerston.
In 1861 he was appointed Governor General of British North America
British North America
British North America is a historical term. It consisted of the colonies and territories of the British Empire in continental North America after the end of the American Revolutionary War and the recognition of American independence in 1783.At the start of the Revolutionary War in 1775 the British...
as well as Governor of the Province of Canada
Province of Canada
The Province of Canada, United Province of Canada, or the United Canadas was a British colony in North America from 1841 to 1867. Its formation reflected recommendations made by John Lambton, 1st Earl of Durham in the Report on the Affairs of British North America following the Rebellions of...
. During this time, the Canadian colonies were beginning to organize themselves into a confederation. The American Civil War
American Civil War
The American Civil War was a civil war fought in the United States of America. In response to the election of Abraham Lincoln as President of the United States, 11 southern slave states declared their secession from the United States and formed the Confederate States of America ; the other 25...
had just broken out, and the Trent Affair
Trent affair
The Trent Affair, also known as the Mason and Slidell Affair, was an international diplomatic incident that occurred during the American Civil War...
caused diplomatic tension between the United States and Britain. The Canadian government was eager to gain some measure of independence during this turbulent period. The Quebec Conference
Quebec Conference, 1864
The Quebec Conference was the second meeting held in 1864 to discuss Canadian Confederation.The 16 delegates from the Province of Canada, Nova Scotia, New Brunswick, and Prince Edward Island had agreed at the close of the Charlottetown Conference to meet again at Quebec City October 1864...
, the Charlottetown Conference
Charlottetown Conference
The Charlottetown Conference was held in Charlottetown, Prince Edward Island for representatives from the colonies of British North America to discuss Canadian Confederation...
, and the London Conference
London Conference of 1866
The London Conference was held in the United Kingdom and began on 4 December 1866, and it was the final in a series of conferences or debates that led to Canadian confederation in 1867. Sixteen delegates from the Province of Canada, Nova Scotia, and New Brunswick gathered with officials of the...
, at which the details of confederation were discussed, all took place during Monck's time as governor. Monck supported the idea, and worked closely with John A. Macdonald
John A. Macdonald
Sir John Alexander Macdonald, GCB, KCMG, PC, PC , QC was the first Prime Minister of Canada. The dominant figure of Canadian Confederation, his political career spanned almost half a century...
, George Brown
George Brown (Canadian politician)
George Brown was a Scottish-born Canadian journalist, politician and one of the Fathers of Confederation...
, George-Étienne Cartier
George-Étienne Cartier
Sir George-Étienne Cartier, 1st Baronet, PC was a French-Canadian statesman and Father of Confederation.The English spelling of the name, George, instead of Georges, the usual French spelling, is explained by his having been named in honour of King George III....
, and Étienne-Paschal Taché
Étienne-Paschal Taché
Sir Étienne-Paschal Taché was a Canadian doctor, politician and one of the Fathers of Confederation.Born in St. Thomas, Lower Canada, in 1795, the third son of Charles Taché and Geneviève Michon, Taché studied at the Séminaire de Québec until the War of 1812 when he joined the 5th battalion of the...
, who formed the "Great Coalition
Great Coalition
The Great Coalition was a grand coalition of the political parties of the two Canadas in 1864. The previous collapse after only three months of a coalition government formed by George-Étienne Cartier, George Brown and John A. MacDonald. The Great Coalition was formed to stop the political deadlock...
" in 1864.
In 1866 Viscount Monck became a peer
Peerage of the United Kingdom
The Peerage of the United Kingdom comprises most peerages created in the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland after the Act of Union in 1801, when it replaced the Peerage of Great Britain...
with the title Baron Monck. When the Canadian colonies became a semi-independent confederation the next year, Monck became the country's first Governor General. Monck was also responsible for establishing Rideau Hall
Rideau Hall
Rideau Hall is, since 1867, the official residence in Ottawa of both the Canadian monarch and the Governor General of Canada. It stands in Canada's capital on a 0.36 km2 estate at 1 Sussex Drive, with the main building consisting of 170 rooms across 9,500 m2 , and 24 outbuildings around the...
as the residence of the Governor General in Ottawa
Ottawa
Ottawa is the capital of Canada, the second largest city in the Province of Ontario, and the fourth largest city in the country. The city is located on the south bank of the Ottawa River in the eastern portion of Southern Ontario...
.
In 1868 Monck was succeeded by John Young, 1st Baron Lisgar
John Young, 1st Baron Lisgar
John Young, 1st Baron Lisgar, Bt, GCB, GCMG, PC was the second Governor General of Canada, in office from 1869 to 1872.-Biography:...
. He returned home to Ireland, where he became Lord Lieutenant of Dublin
Lord Lieutenant of Dublin
This is a list of those who have held the post of Lord Lieutenant of County Dublin. The office was created on 23 August 1831. There was also a separate Lord Lieutenant of the City of Dublin.* John Brabazon, 10th Earl of Meath 7 October 1831 – 15 March 1851...
in 1874. He died in 1894.
External links
- Biography at the Dictionary of Canadian Biography Online
- http://www.gg.ca
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