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Chalco (municipality)
Encyclopedia
Chalco de Díaz Covarrubias is a city that is municipal seat of the surrounding municipality
of Chalco. It lies in the eastern part of the state of México
, just east of the Federal District
of Mexico
and is considered part of the Mexico City metropolitan area
.
Its church was constructed in 1585, after being evangelized by the Franciscans and has been considered a city since 1861. The city had a 2010 census population of 168,720 inhabitants. It is an important center for dairy production as well as the manufacturing of thread and yarn of wool and cotton. A major employer is the San Rafael paper factory. Government sources mention that the helicopter where Francisco Blake Mora
traveled collided in this municipality, leaving 8 top government officials dead.
As the municipal seat, the city of Chalco de Díaz Covarrubias has governing jurisdiction over the following communities:
Ampliación de San Pedro, Barrio de Guadalupe, Camino a Cruz de Cortés, Camino al Monte, Caserío de Cortez, Colonia Calle Santa Cruz Amalinalco, Colonia del Moral, Colonia Emiliano Zapata (Besana de Inclán), Colonia Guadalupe de los Tepetates, Colonia Jazmín de las Flores (El Jazmín), Colonia Marco Antonio Sosa Balderas, Colonia Michoacana, Colonia San José, Colonia San José Axalco, Ejido San Marcos, El Coyote, El Molinito, El Naranjo, El Recodo de San José Axalco, El Tlalchichil, Granja Guadalupana, Granja San Javier, Granja San José, Granja Santa Anita, Granja Sonora, Hacienda del Moral (El Moral), Huixtomatitla (Tepalcates), Instituto Damián (Ex-hda. San Juan de Dios), Kilómetro 39 Carretera México Cuautla, La Candelaria Tlapala, La Chimenea, La Longaniza, La Magueyera, La Taberna, Las Colonias, Llano del Moral, Lomas de San Pablo, Los Almendrales, Los Arenales, Los Hornos, Paraje las Nieves, Paseos de Chalco, Paso del Oyamel, Pozo el Cuartito Número Dos, Rancho Amigo, Rancho del Ahuehuete, Rancho el Corazón, Rancho el Cupido, Rancho Elodia, Rancho Maravillas, Rancho Nuevo, Rancho Nuevo San Miguel, Rancho San Jorge, Rancho San Miguel, Rancho Santa María Atoyac, Rancho Tamariz (Rancho la Caballeriza), San Gregorio Cuautzingo, San Juan y San Pedro Tezompa, San Lucas Amalinalco, San Marcos Huixtoco, San Martín Cuautlalpan, San Mateo Huitzilzingo, San Mateo Tezoquipan, San Pablo Atlazalpan, Santa Ana (Predio San Juan), Santa Catarina Ayotzingo, Santa María Huexoculco, and Subestación de Luz Chalco
The municipality, which has an area of 234.72 km² (90.626 sq mi), had a population of 310,130 inhabitants at the 2010 census.
Chalco is often confused with the Valle de Chalco Solidaridad municipality as the name Chalco is a part of both. The major difference is that Valle de Chalco Solidaridad is located near the ancient Lake Chalco
. In fact, Chalco is interconnected to Valle de Chalco through Avenida Solidaridad.
has eleven.) The largest localities (cities, towns, and villages) are:
and named themselves "chalcas"
The second group arriving were the Mihuaques, who hadn't leaders and adopted those ones of the Acxotecas. Circa 1160, the Chichimeca
s Teotenancas arrived from the Toluca
valley and came across Tlahuac
. They all together formed the Chalca civilization. They lived there until 1510, when the Spanish
conquistador
s arrived.
The place remained without inhabitants until the early 20th century. The municipality has expanded to the limits of Mexico City.
Now many capitalinos (residents of the capital) are moving to Chalco looking for more peace and tranquility also because housing prices are so high in Mexico City.
. Several colectivos also run from Chalco to Mexico City's Benito Juárez International Airport.
Municipalities of Mexico
Municipalities are the second-level administrative division in Mexico . There are 2,438 municipalities in Mexico, making the average municipality population 45,616...
of Chalco. It lies in the eastern part of the state of México
Mexico (state)
México , officially: Estado Libre y Soberano de México is one of the 31 states which, with the Federal District, comprise the 32 Federal Entities of the United Mexican States. It is divided in 125 municipalities and its capital city is Toluca de Lerdo....
, just east of the Federal District
Mexico City
Mexico City is the Federal District , capital of Mexico and seat of the federal powers of the Mexican Union. It is a federal entity within Mexico which is not part of any one of the 31 Mexican states but belongs to the federation as a whole...
of Mexico
Mexico
The United Mexican States , commonly known as Mexico , is a federal constitutional republic in North America. It is bordered on the north by the United States; on the south and west by the Pacific Ocean; on the southeast by Guatemala, Belize, and the Caribbean Sea; and on the east by the Gulf of...
and is considered part of the Mexico City metropolitan area
Metropolitan areas of Mexico
Metropolitan areas in Mexico have been traditionally defined as the group of municipalities that heavily interact with each other, usually around a core city...
.
The city
Francisco Blake Mora
José Francisco Blake Mora was a Mexican lawyer and politician who served as the Secretary of the Interior in the cabinet of Felipe Calderón from 2010 to 2011. He was Mexico's top cabinet secretary and key figure in the battle against the drug cartels and corruption in the country...
traveled collided in this municipality, leaving 8 top government officials dead.
The municipality of Chalco
Ampliación de San Pedro, Barrio de Guadalupe, Camino a Cruz de Cortés, Camino al Monte, Caserío de Cortez, Colonia Calle Santa Cruz Amalinalco, Colonia del Moral, Colonia Emiliano Zapata (Besana de Inclán), Colonia Guadalupe de los Tepetates, Colonia Jazmín de las Flores (El Jazmín), Colonia Marco Antonio Sosa Balderas, Colonia Michoacana, Colonia San José, Colonia San José Axalco, Ejido San Marcos, El Coyote, El Molinito, El Naranjo, El Recodo de San José Axalco, El Tlalchichil, Granja Guadalupana, Granja San Javier, Granja San José, Granja Santa Anita, Granja Sonora, Hacienda del Moral (El Moral), Huixtomatitla (Tepalcates), Instituto Damián (Ex-hda. San Juan de Dios), Kilómetro 39 Carretera México Cuautla, La Candelaria Tlapala, La Chimenea, La Longaniza, La Magueyera, La Taberna, Las Colonias, Llano del Moral, Lomas de San Pablo, Los Almendrales, Los Arenales, Los Hornos, Paraje las Nieves, Paseos de Chalco, Paso del Oyamel, Pozo el Cuartito Número Dos, Rancho Amigo, Rancho del Ahuehuete, Rancho el Corazón, Rancho el Cupido, Rancho Elodia, Rancho Maravillas, Rancho Nuevo, Rancho Nuevo San Miguel, Rancho San Jorge, Rancho San Miguel, Rancho Santa María Atoyac, Rancho Tamariz (Rancho la Caballeriza), San Gregorio Cuautzingo, San Juan y San Pedro Tezompa, San Lucas Amalinalco, San Marcos Huixtoco, San Martín Cuautlalpan, San Mateo Huitzilzingo, San Mateo Tezoquipan, San Pablo Atlazalpan, Santa Ana (Predio San Juan), Santa Catarina Ayotzingo, Santa María Huexoculco, and Subestación de Luz Chalco
The municipality, which has an area of 234.72 km² (90.626 sq mi), had a population of 310,130 inhabitants at the 2010 census.
Chalco is often confused with the Valle de Chalco Solidaridad municipality as the name Chalco is a part of both. The major difference is that Valle de Chalco Solidaridad is located near the ancient Lake Chalco
Lake Chalco
Lake Chalco was an endorheic lake formerly located in the Valley of Mexico and was important for human development in central Mexico. The lake was named after the city of Chalco on its eastern shore....
. In fact, Chalco is interconnected to Valle de Chalco through Avenida Solidaridad.
Towns and villages
Chalco is one of only three municipalities in Mexico that have at least nine localities of over 10,000 inhabitants. (It and Tijuana Municipality, Baja California both have nine, while Tlajomulco de Zúñiga Municipality, JaliscoTlajomulco de Zuñiga
Tlajomulco de Zúñiga is a town and municipality, in Jalisco in central-western Mexico in the state of Jalisco. It forms part of the Guadalajara metropolitan area and lies to the southeast of it...
has eleven.) The largest localities (cities, towns, and villages) are:
| Name | 2010 Census Population |
|---|---|
| Chalco de Díaz Covarrubias | 168,720 |
| San Martín Cuautlalpan | 23,501 |
| San Mateo Huitzilzingo | 15,389 |
| San Gregorio Cuautzingo | 13,138 |
| Santa María Huexoculco | 12,456 |
| San Marcos Huixtoco | 12,229 |
| San Juan Tezompa | 11,819 |
| San Pablo Atlazalpan | 11,236 |
| Santa Catarina Ayotzingo | 10,702 |
| Total Municipality | 310,130 |
History of the area
The first civilization which arrived to what today is Chalco were the Acxotecas. According to Chimalpahin, they came from TulaTula, Russia
Tula is an industrial city and the administrative center of Tula Oblast, Russia. It is located south of Moscow, on the Upa River. Population: -History:...
and named themselves "chalcas"
The second group arriving were the Mihuaques, who hadn't leaders and adopted those ones of the Acxotecas. Circa 1160, the Chichimeca
Chichimeca
Chichimeca was the name that the Nahua peoples of Mexico generically applied to a wide range of semi-nomadic peoples who inhabited the north of modern-day Mexico and southwestern United States, and carried the same sense as the European term "barbarian"...
s Teotenancas arrived from the Toluca
Toluca
Toluca, formally known as Toluca de Lerdo, is the state capital of Mexico State as well as the seat of the Municipality of Toluca. It is the center of a rapidly growing urban area, now the fifth largest in Mexico. It is located west-southwest of Mexico City and only about 40 minutes by car to the...
valley and came across Tlahuac
Tláhuac
Tláhuac is one of the 16 delegaciones into which Mexico's Federal District is divided. It is located on the east edge of the district and is largely rural in character. The main town, San Pedro Tláhuac, is situated alongside a lake, and is the site of a 16th century church. The borough had a 2010...
. They all together formed the Chalca civilization. They lived there until 1510, when the Spanish
Spain
Spain , officially the Kingdom of Spain languages]] under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages. In each of these, Spain's official name is as follows:;;;;;;), is a country and member state of the European Union located in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula...
conquistador
Conquistador
Conquistadors were Spanish soldiers, explorers, and adventurers who brought much of the Americas under the control of Spain in the 15th to 16th centuries, following Europe's discovery of the New World by Christopher Columbus in 1492...
s arrived.
The place remained without inhabitants until the early 20th century. The municipality has expanded to the limits of Mexico City.
Now many capitalinos (residents of the capital) are moving to Chalco looking for more peace and tranquility also because housing prices are so high in Mexico City.
Transportation
Chalco is served by the State of Mexico collective transports divided in geographical areas (AG-##) locating Chalco within the AG-10. Volkswagen vans ("combis" or "colectivos") transport people from the municipality to the boundaries of the Federal District in order to let people take the subway from that point into the inner Mexico CityMexico City
Mexico City is the Federal District , capital of Mexico and seat of the federal powers of the Mexican Union. It is a federal entity within Mexico which is not part of any one of the 31 Mexican states but belongs to the federation as a whole...
. Several colectivos also run from Chalco to Mexico City's Benito Juárez International Airport.