Cavagnago
Encyclopedia
Cavagnago is a municipality
in the district of Leventina
in the canton
of Ticino
in Switzerland
.
of Segno, Mascengo and Codaghengo formed the village of Cavagnago which was a Degagna
of the old Vicinanza
of Giornico. In the Middle Ages
, Cavagnago and Sobrio both worshiped at the 13-century Chapel of St. Ambrose from Segno. The chapel had a massive romanesque
clock tower and fresco
es from the 15th-16th Centuries. Cavagnago was part of the parish
of Giornico, until it seceded in 1585, to form, with Sobrio, an independent parish. 1611 Sobrio parted from this parish. The Parish Church of St. Anna was first mentioned in 1567 and was renovated in 1934. It has a remarkable high altar in polychrome marble in the Milanese style and Roman style frontal crafted in the Scaglia style. Both pieces are from the 17th Century.
In the 19th century Century Cavagnago was, despite high rate of emigration, still a thriving farming village. By the end of the 20th Century there were still a few farms that had favorable terrain and were supported by numerous mountain pastures. The mountain pastures of Cavagnago also make a valued place for summer holidays.
Out of the forested land, 67.7% of the total land area is heavily forested and 6.0% is covered with orchards or small clusters of trees. Of the agricultural land, 5.5% is used for growing crops and 1.5% is used for alpine pastures. Of the unproductive areas, 5.1% is unproductive vegetation and 4.0% is too rocky for vegetation.
The municipality is located in the Leventina district, at an elevation of 1020 m (3,346.5 ft) on the left slope of the lower Leventina valley. It is on the Strada Alta in the in middle of the so-called Traversa (Calonico, Anzonico
, Cavagnago, Sobrio).
of the municipal coat of arms
is Azure in base of the mountains Argent an eagle voland holding in its claws a basket Gules. The basket symbolizes the position of the village, located in a kind of hollow.
Most of the population speaks Italian
(71.1%), with German
being second most common (20.5%) and Portuguese
being third ( 7.2%). Of the Swiss national languages , 17 speak German
, 1 person speaks, French
, 59 people speak Italian
. The remainder (6 people) speak another language.
, the gender distribution of the population was 49.4% male and 50.6% female. The population was made up of 38 Swiss men (44.7% of the population), and 4 (4.7%) non-Swiss men. There were 41 Swiss women (48.2%), and 2 (2.4%) non-Swiss women.
In there were 0 live births and there were 2 deaths of Swiss citizens. Ignoring immigration and emigration, the population of Swiss citizens decreased by 2 while the foreign population remained the same. There was 1 Swiss woman who immigrated back to Switzerland. The total Swiss population change in 2008 (from all sources) was a decrease of 3 and the non-Swiss population remained steady. This represents a population growth rate of -3.4%.
The age distribution, , in Cavagnago is; children or 0.0% of the population are between 0 and 9 years old and 5 teenagers or 5.9% are between 10 and 19. Of the adult population, 6 people or 7.1% of the population are between 20 and 29 years old. 8 people or 9.4% are between 30 and 39, 9 people or 10.6% are between 40 and 49, and 14 people or 16.5% are between 50 and 59. The senior population distribution is 15 people or 17.6% of the population are between 60 and 69 years old, 15 people or 17.6% are between 70 and 79, and there are 13 people or 15.3% who are over 80.
the average number of residents per living room was 0.44 which is less people per room than the cantonal average of 0.6 per room. In this case, a room is defined as space of a housing unit of at least 4 m² (43.1 sq ft) as normal bedrooms, dining rooms, living rooms, kitchens and habitable cellars and attics. About 68.2% of the total households were owner occupied, or in other words did not pay rent (though they may have a mortgage
or a rent-to-own agreement).
, there were 44 private households in the municipality, and an average of 1.8 persons per household. there were 146 single family homes (or 93.0% of the total) out of a total of 157 inhabited buildings. There were 8 two family buildings (5.1%) and 2 multi-family buildings (1.3%). There were also 1 buildings in the municipality that were multipurpose buildings (used for both housing and commercial or another purpose).
The vacancy rate for the municipality, , was 0%. there were 174 apartments in the municipality. The most common apartment size was the 4 room apartment of which there were 55. There were 5 single room apartments and 35 apartments with five or more rooms. Of these apartments, a total of 44 apartments (25.3% of the total) were permanently occupied, while 128 apartments (73.6%) were seasonally occupied and 2 apartments (1.1%) were empty. , the construction rate of new housing units was 0 new units per 1000 residents.
The historical population is given in the following table:
the most popular party was the CVP
which received 32.3% of the vote. The next three most popular parties were the SP
(25.58%), the FDP
(25.32%) and the Ticino League
(11.11%). In the federal election, a total of 50 votes were cast, and the voter turnout
was 59.5%.
In the Gran Consiglio election, there were a total of 87 registered voters in Cavagnago, of which 57 or 65.5% voted. The most popular party was the PPD
+GenGiova which received 17 or 29.8% of the vote. The next three most popular parties were; the PLRT
(with 14 or 24.6%), the PLRT
(with 14 or 24.6%) and the SSI (with 9 or 15.8%).
In the Consiglio di Stato election, The most popular party was the PPD which received 16 or 28.1% of the vote. The next three most popular parties were; the PS (with 15 or 26.3%), the PLRT (with 13 or 22.8%) and the SSI (with 10 or 17.5%).
, there were 7 workers who commuted into the municipality and 13 workers who commuted away. The municipality is a net exporter of workers, with about 1.9 workers leaving the municipality for every one entering. Of the working population, 5.9% used public transportation to get to work, and 50% used a private car.
. There are 13 individuals (or about 15.66% of the population) who belong to another church (not listed on the census), and 1 individuals (or about 1.20% of the population) did not answer the question.
).
In Cavagnago there were a total of 8 students . The Ticino education system
provides up to three years of non-mandatory kindergarten
and in Cavagnago there were children in kindergarten. The primary school program lasts for five years and includes both a standard school and a special school. In the municipality, 1 student attended the standard primary school. In the lower secondary school system, students either attend a two year middle school followed by a two year pre-apprenticeship or they attend a four year program to prepare for higher education. There were 3 students in the two year middle school and 2 in their pre-apprenticeship, while 0 students were in the four year advanced program.
The upper secondary school includes several options, but at the end of the upper secondary program, a student will be prepared to enter a trade or to continue on to a university or college. In Ticino, vocational students may either attend school while working on their internship or apprenticeship (which takes three or four years) or may attend school followed by an internship or apprenticeship (which takes one year as a full-time student or one and a half to two years as a part-time student). There were 2 vocational students who were attending school full-time and 0 who attend part-time.
, there were 5 students from Cavagnago who attended schools outside the municipality.
Municipalities of Switzerland
Communes , also known as municipalities, are the smallest government division in Switzerland, numbering 2,596 . While many have a population of a few hundred citizens, the largest cities such as Zürich or Geneva also have the legal status of municipalities...
in the district of Leventina
Leventina (district)
The district of Leventina is one of the eight districts of the largely Italian-speaking canton of Ticino in Switzerland. The capital of the district is Faido but the largest town is Airolo at the beginning or at the end of the valley....
in the canton
Cantons of Switzerland
The 26 cantons of Switzerland are the member states of the federal state of Switzerland. Each canton was a fully sovereign state with its own borders, army and currency from the Treaty of Westphalia until the establishment of the Swiss federal state in 1848...
of Ticino
Ticino
Canton Ticino or Ticino is the southernmost canton of Switzerland. Named after the Ticino river, it is the only canton in which Italian is the sole official language...
in Switzerland
Switzerland
Switzerland name of one of the Swiss cantons. ; ; ; or ), in its full name the Swiss Confederation , is a federal republic consisting of 26 cantons, with Bern as the seat of the federal authorities. The country is situated in Western Europe,Or Central Europe depending on the definition....
.
History
Cavagnago is first mentioned in 1270 as Cavagnago. In the early 17th Century, the hamletsHamlet (place)
A hamlet is usually a rural settlement which is too small to be considered a village, though sometimes the word is used for a different sort of community. Historically, when a hamlet became large enough to justify building a church, it was then classified as a village...
of Segno, Mascengo and Codaghengo formed the village of Cavagnago which was a Degagna
Degagna
A Degagna is a public statutory corporation of territorial division in Switzerland. It is characteristic of the Leventina valley in the Canton of Ticino. It is a smaller division of a Vicinanza and is currently treated as the same as a patriziato under Swiss law. It began as church-territorial...
of the old Vicinanza
Bürgergemeinde
The Bürgergemeinde is a statutory corporation in public law in Switzerland...
of Giornico. In the Middle Ages
Middle Ages
The Middle Ages is a periodization of European history from the 5th century to the 15th century. The Middle Ages follows the fall of the Western Roman Empire in 476 and precedes the Early Modern Era. It is the middle period of a three-period division of Western history: Classic, Medieval and Modern...
, Cavagnago and Sobrio both worshiped at the 13-century Chapel of St. Ambrose from Segno. The chapel had a massive romanesque
Romanesque architecture
Romanesque architecture is an architectural style of Medieval Europe characterised by semi-circular arches. There is no consensus for the beginning date of the Romanesque architecture, with proposals ranging from the 6th to the 10th century. It developed in the 12th century into the Gothic style,...
clock tower and fresco
Fresco
Fresco is any of several related mural painting types, executed on plaster on walls or ceilings. The word fresco comes from the Greek word affresca which derives from the Latin word for "fresh". Frescoes first developed in the ancient world and continued to be popular through the Renaissance...
es from the 15th-16th Centuries. Cavagnago was part of the parish
Parish
A parish is a territorial unit historically under the pastoral care and clerical jurisdiction of one parish priest, who might be assisted in his pastoral duties by a curate or curates - also priests but not the parish priest - from a more or less central parish church with its associated organization...
of Giornico, until it seceded in 1585, to form, with Sobrio, an independent parish. 1611 Sobrio parted from this parish. The Parish Church of St. Anna was first mentioned in 1567 and was renovated in 1934. It has a remarkable high altar in polychrome marble in the Milanese style and Roman style frontal crafted in the Scaglia style. Both pieces are from the 17th Century.
In the 19th century Century Cavagnago was, despite high rate of emigration, still a thriving farming village. By the end of the 20th Century there were still a few farms that had favorable terrain and were supported by numerous mountain pastures. The mountain pastures of Cavagnago also make a valued place for summer holidays.
Geography
Cavagnago has an area, , of 6.68 square kilometres (2.6 sq mi). Of this area, 0.47 km² (0.181468014538491 sq mi) or 7.0% is used for agricultural purposes, while 4.97 km² (1.9 sq mi) or 74.4% is forested. Of the rest of the land, 0.12 km² (29.7 acre) or 1.8% is settled (buildings or roads) and 0.61 km² (0.235522316741446 sq mi) or 9.1% is unproductive land. Of the built up area, housing and buildings made up 1.5% and transportation infrastructure made up 0.3%.Out of the forested land, 67.7% of the total land area is heavily forested and 6.0% is covered with orchards or small clusters of trees. Of the agricultural land, 5.5% is used for growing crops and 1.5% is used for alpine pastures. Of the unproductive areas, 5.1% is unproductive vegetation and 4.0% is too rocky for vegetation.
The municipality is located in the Leventina district, at an elevation of 1020 m (3,346.5 ft) on the left slope of the lower Leventina valley. It is on the Strada Alta in the in middle of the so-called Traversa (Calonico, Anzonico
Anzonico
Anzonico is a municipality in the district of Leventina in the canton of Ticino in Switzerland.In 1666 or 67 a landslide engulfed the principal village, dragging many houses into the valley below and killing many of the inhabitants.-History:...
, Cavagnago, Sobrio).
Coat of arms
The blazonBlazon
In heraldry and heraldic vexillology, a blazon is a formal description of a coat of arms, flag or similar emblem, from which the reader can reconstruct the appropriate image...
of the municipal coat of arms
Coat of arms
A coat of arms is a unique heraldic design on a shield or escutcheon or on a surcoat or tabard used to cover and protect armour and to identify the wearer. Thus the term is often stated as "coat-armour", because it was anciently displayed on the front of a coat of cloth...
is Azure in base of the mountains Argent an eagle voland holding in its claws a basket Gules. The basket symbolizes the position of the village, located in a kind of hollow.
Demographics
Cavagnago has a population of . , 7.1% of the population are resident foreign nationals. Over the last 10 years (1997–2007) the population has changed at a rate of -7.4%.Most of the population speaks Italian
Italian language
Italian is a Romance language spoken mainly in Europe: Italy, Switzerland, San Marino, Vatican City, by minorities in Malta, Monaco, Croatia, Slovenia, France, Libya, Eritrea, and Somalia, and by immigrant communities in the Americas and Australia...
(71.1%), with German
German language
German is a West Germanic language, related to and classified alongside English and Dutch. With an estimated 90 – 98 million native speakers, German is one of the world's major languages and is the most widely-spoken first language in the European Union....
being second most common (20.5%) and Portuguese
Portuguese language
Portuguese is a Romance language that arose in the medieval Kingdom of Galicia, nowadays Galicia and Northern Portugal. The southern part of the Kingdom of Galicia became independent as the County of Portugal in 1095...
being third ( 7.2%). Of the Swiss national languages , 17 speak German
German language
German is a West Germanic language, related to and classified alongside English and Dutch. With an estimated 90 – 98 million native speakers, German is one of the world's major languages and is the most widely-spoken first language in the European Union....
, 1 person speaks, French
French language
French is a Romance language spoken as a first language in France, the Romandy region in Switzerland, Wallonia and Brussels in Belgium, Monaco, the regions of Quebec and Acadia in Canada, and by various communities elsewhere. Second-language speakers of French are distributed throughout many parts...
, 59 people speak Italian
Italian language
Italian is a Romance language spoken mainly in Europe: Italy, Switzerland, San Marino, Vatican City, by minorities in Malta, Monaco, Croatia, Slovenia, France, Libya, Eritrea, and Somalia, and by immigrant communities in the Americas and Australia...
. The remainder (6 people) speak another language.
, the gender distribution of the population was 49.4% male and 50.6% female. The population was made up of 38 Swiss men (44.7% of the population), and 4 (4.7%) non-Swiss men. There were 41 Swiss women (48.2%), and 2 (2.4%) non-Swiss women.
In there were 0 live births and there were 2 deaths of Swiss citizens. Ignoring immigration and emigration, the population of Swiss citizens decreased by 2 while the foreign population remained the same. There was 1 Swiss woman who immigrated back to Switzerland. The total Swiss population change in 2008 (from all sources) was a decrease of 3 and the non-Swiss population remained steady. This represents a population growth rate of -3.4%.
The age distribution, , in Cavagnago is; children or 0.0% of the population are between 0 and 9 years old and 5 teenagers or 5.9% are between 10 and 19. Of the adult population, 6 people or 7.1% of the population are between 20 and 29 years old. 8 people or 9.4% are between 30 and 39, 9 people or 10.6% are between 40 and 49, and 14 people or 16.5% are between 50 and 59. The senior population distribution is 15 people or 17.6% of the population are between 60 and 69 years old, 15 people or 17.6% are between 70 and 79, and there are 13 people or 15.3% who are over 80.
the average number of residents per living room was 0.44 which is less people per room than the cantonal average of 0.6 per room. In this case, a room is defined as space of a housing unit of at least 4 m² (43.1 sq ft) as normal bedrooms, dining rooms, living rooms, kitchens and habitable cellars and attics. About 68.2% of the total households were owner occupied, or in other words did not pay rent (though they may have a mortgage
Mortgage loan
A mortgage loan is a loan secured by real property through the use of a mortgage note which evidences the existence of the loan and the encumbrance of that realty through the granting of a mortgage which secures the loan...
or a rent-to-own agreement).
, there were 44 private households in the municipality, and an average of 1.8 persons per household. there were 146 single family homes (or 93.0% of the total) out of a total of 157 inhabited buildings. There were 8 two family buildings (5.1%) and 2 multi-family buildings (1.3%). There were also 1 buildings in the municipality that were multipurpose buildings (used for both housing and commercial or another purpose).
The vacancy rate for the municipality, , was 0%. there were 174 apartments in the municipality. The most common apartment size was the 4 room apartment of which there were 55. There were 5 single room apartments and 35 apartments with five or more rooms. Of these apartments, a total of 44 apartments (25.3% of the total) were permanently occupied, while 128 apartments (73.6%) were seasonally occupied and 2 apartments (1.1%) were empty. , the construction rate of new housing units was 0 new units per 1000 residents.
The historical population is given in the following table:
| year | population |
|---|---|
| 1574 | 305 |
| 1602 | 191 |
| 1745 | 215 |
| 1850 | 342 |
| 1900 | 175 |
| 1950 | 134 |
| 2000 | 83 |
Politics
In the 2007 federal electionSwiss federal election, 2007
Elections to the Swiss Federal Assembly, the federal parliament of Switzerland, were held on Sunday, 21 October 2007. In a few cantons, a second round of the elections to the Council of States was held on 11 November, 18 November, and 25 November 2007...
the most popular party was the CVP
Christian Democratic People's Party of Switzerland
The Christian Democratic People's Party of Switzerland is a Christian democratic political party in Switzerland. It is the fourth-largest party in the National Council, with 31 seats, and the largest in the Council of States, with 15 seats. It has one seat, that of Doris Leuthard, on the Swiss...
which received 32.3% of the vote. The next three most popular parties were the SP
Social Democratic Party of Switzerland
The Social Democratic Party of Switzerland is the largest centre-left political party in Switzerland....
(25.58%), the FDP
FDP.The Liberals
FDP.The Liberals is a classical liberal political party in Switzerland. It is the joint-largest party in the Federal Council, third-largest party in the National Council, and second-largest in the Council of States....
(25.32%) and the Ticino League
Ticino League
The Ticino League is an isolationist, national conservative political party in Switzerland active in the canton of Ticino.In 1991, after some public campaigning in the Sunday journal Mattino della Domenica against political power and use of public money, the editor Giuliano Bignasca and the...
(11.11%). In the federal election, a total of 50 votes were cast, and the voter turnout
Voter turnout
Voter turnout is the percentage of eligible voters who cast a ballot in an election . After increasing for many decades, there has been a trend of decreasing voter turnout in most established democracies since the 1960s...
was 59.5%.
In the Gran Consiglio election, there were a total of 87 registered voters in Cavagnago, of which 57 or 65.5% voted. The most popular party was the PPD
Christian Democratic People's Party of Switzerland
The Christian Democratic People's Party of Switzerland is a Christian democratic political party in Switzerland. It is the fourth-largest party in the National Council, with 31 seats, and the largest in the Council of States, with 15 seats. It has one seat, that of Doris Leuthard, on the Swiss...
+GenGiova which received 17 or 29.8% of the vote. The next three most popular parties were; the PLRT
FDP.The Liberals
FDP.The Liberals is a classical liberal political party in Switzerland. It is the joint-largest party in the Federal Council, third-largest party in the National Council, and second-largest in the Council of States....
(with 14 or 24.6%), the PLRT
FDP.The Liberals
FDP.The Liberals is a classical liberal political party in Switzerland. It is the joint-largest party in the Federal Council, third-largest party in the National Council, and second-largest in the Council of States....
(with 14 or 24.6%) and the SSI (with 9 or 15.8%).
In the Consiglio di Stato election, The most popular party was the PPD which received 16 or 28.1% of the vote. The next three most popular parties were; the PS (with 15 or 26.3%), the PLRT (with 13 or 22.8%) and the SSI (with 10 or 17.5%).
Economy
, Cavagnago had an unemployment rate of 3.43%. , there were 17 people employed in the primary economic sector and about 7 businesses involved in this sector. 1 person was employed in the secondary sector and there was 1 business in this sector. 8 people were employed in the tertiary sector, with 2 businesses in this sector. There were 34 residents of the municipality who were employed in some capacity, of which females made up 35.3% of the workforce., there were 7 workers who commuted into the municipality and 13 workers who commuted away. The municipality is a net exporter of workers, with about 1.9 workers leaving the municipality for every one entering. Of the working population, 5.9% used public transportation to get to work, and 50% used a private car.
Religion
From the , 65 or 78.3% were Roman Catholic, while 4 or 4.8% belonged to the Swiss Reformed ChurchSwiss Reformed Church
The Reformed branch of Protestantism in Switzerland was started in Zürich by Huldrych Zwingli and spread within a few years to Basel , Bern , St...
. There are 13 individuals (or about 15.66% of the population) who belong to another church (not listed on the census), and 1 individuals (or about 1.20% of the population) did not answer the question.
Education
The entire Swiss population is generally well educated. In Cavagnago about 48.8% of the population (between age 25-64) have completed either non-mandatory upper secondary education or additional higher education (either University or a FachhochschuleFachhochschule
A Fachhochschule or University of Applied Sciences is a German type of tertiary education institution, sometimes specialized in certain topical areas . Fachhochschulen were founded in Germany and later adopted by Austria, Liechtenstein, Switzerland and Greece...
).
In Cavagnago there were a total of 8 students . The Ticino education system
Education in Switzerland
The education system in Switzerland is very diverse, because the constitution of Switzerland delegates the authority for the school system mainly to the cantons...
provides up to three years of non-mandatory kindergarten
Kindergarten
A kindergarten is a preschool educational institution for children. The term was created by Friedrich Fröbel for the play and activity institute that he created in 1837 in Bad Blankenburg as a social experience for children for their transition from home to school...
and in Cavagnago there were children in kindergarten. The primary school program lasts for five years and includes both a standard school and a special school. In the municipality, 1 student attended the standard primary school. In the lower secondary school system, students either attend a two year middle school followed by a two year pre-apprenticeship or they attend a four year program to prepare for higher education. There were 3 students in the two year middle school and 2 in their pre-apprenticeship, while 0 students were in the four year advanced program.
The upper secondary school includes several options, but at the end of the upper secondary program, a student will be prepared to enter a trade or to continue on to a university or college. In Ticino, vocational students may either attend school while working on their internship or apprenticeship (which takes three or four years) or may attend school followed by an internship or apprenticeship (which takes one year as a full-time student or one and a half to two years as a part-time student). There were 2 vocational students who were attending school full-time and 0 who attend part-time.
, there were 5 students from Cavagnago who attended schools outside the municipality.