Carl Schramm
Encyclopedia
Carl J. Schramm an American economist and former professor, is President and CEO of the Ewing Marion Kauffman Foundation
, a private philanthropic foundation devoted to entrepreneurship and education. The Economist has hailed Schramm as the "evangelist of entrepreneurship."
A 1968 graduate of LeMoyne College with a B.S. in Economics, Schramm earned his M.S. (1969) and Ph.D. (1973) in economics at the University of Wisconsin, and also a law degree at Georgetown University Law Center
(1978). He was a Ford Foundation Doctoral Fellow and New York State Regents Graduate Fellow while at Wisconsin. Schramm began his career as staff economist at the National Commission on State Workmen’s Compensation Laws in Washington, D.C. He later served as Special Advisor to the Assistant Secretary for Policy at the US Department of Labor and Staff Economist to U.S. Senate Committee on Human Resources. In addition to serving as a Robert Wood Johnson Foundation
Health Policy Fellow at the Institute of Medicine
, National Academy of Sciences
, Schramm received two consecutive Career Scientist Awards from the U.S. Public Health Service. He co-authored one of the first academic articles on hospital rate regulation, "Hospital Cost Inflation Under State Rate Setting Programs," in the New England Journal of Medicine
.
Schramm taught for fifteen years at Johns Hopkins University
, becoming an associate professor of health policy and management. While there, he founded the Johns Hopkins Center for Hospital Finance and Management (HCFIA), leading it from 1980 to 1987 and overseeing a postdoctoral program, the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation
Faculty Fellowships in Health Care Finance. During this time, Schramm also served as Commissioner and Chairman of the Maryland Health Services Cost Review Commission, assuming the economist's seat upon the retirement of Mancur Olson
.
After co-founding HCIA, an aggregator of hospital data, Schramm became president of the Health Insurance Association of America (today called America's Health Insurance Plans). He also served as executive vice president of Fortis
(formerly Time Insurance Company, now Assurant
) and as president of its health insurance operations. While there, he developed several innovations, including transition coverage for recent college graduates. He also founded Greenspring Advisors, a consulting and merchant banking firm in the health information and risk management industries.
In 2002, Schramm was recruited to head the Ewing Marion Kauffman Foundation
. Under his leadership, the Kauffman Foundation has developed innovative programs that expose students to the power of entrepreneurship, open new pathways to effectively move university innovations into the marketplace, create better-qualified angel investors as a critical source of seed capital for entrepreneurs, and engage economists of the highest caliber to study the impact of entrepreneurship. Schramm has been instrumental in the development of a partnership with the U.S. Department of Commerce to create an international entrepreneurship resource at www.entrepreneurship.gov and also spearheaded the Foundation’s sponsorship of the first-ever Global Entrepreneurship Week, which he announced in November 2007 with UK Prime Minister Gordon Brown
. Schramm has also led Kauffman in the development of an international fellowship program, which is funded by other governments, including the United Kingdom
and Denmark
, for aspiring entrepreneurs.
Schramm received the George Eastman Medal from the University of Rochester
in 2005. In 2007, Schramm chaired the Secretary of Commerce's Measuring Innovation in the 21st Century Economy Advisory Committee, which produced the report, "Innovation Measurement: Tracking the State of Innovation in the American Economy." On May 17, 2009, Schramm gave the Commencement address at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
.
A prolific writer and speaker, Schramm has authored or coauthored scores of articles, testified before Congress on numerous occasions, and speaks frequently on entrepreneurship, innovation, and the economic future. He introduced the field of "expeditionary economics" in a 2010 essay in Foreign Affairs
. His 2004 Foreign Affairs
article, "Building Entrepreneurial Economies," is one of the journal's most requested reprints. Schramm is the author of The Entrepreneurial Imperative, co-author of Good Capitalism, Bad Capitalism, and editor of the American Assembly's Health Care and Its Costs. His other work has appeared in many leading academic journals, as well as The Wall Street Journal, USA Today, and Newsweek. The National Chamber Foundation named Good Capitalism, Bad Capitalism one of the "Top Ten Books That Drive the Debate" in 2008.
Schramm, Carl J., "Made in America," The National Interest (May/June 2010)
Schramm, Carl J., "All Entrepreneurship is Social," Stanford Social Innovation Review (Spring 2010)
Schramm, Carl J., "Managing Foundations Toward the Goal of Expanding Human Welfare," presented at the Distinguished Speakers Series of the University of Southern California’s Center on Philanthropy and Public Policy (Los Angeles, Calif., February 21, 2008)
Schramm, Carl J., Presidential address, "The Future of Entrepreneurship in a World Twenty Years From Now," TiE Entrepreneurial Summit 2008 (Bangalore, India, December 16, 2008)
Schramm, Carl J., and Giovannini, Enrico, "Where Companies Grow," The Wall Street Journal, Real Clear Politics, Real Clear Markets (December 3, 2008)
Schramm, Carl J., "The Future of the University and Public Research for the Entrepreneurial Age," Preface to The Future of the Research University: Meeting the Global Challenges of the 21st Century, a book of scholarly papers presented at the Kauffman-Planck Summit on Entrepreneurship Research and Policy (November 2008)
Schramm, Carl J., "Why We Need Joe the Plumber’s Dream," CNN.com (October 21, 2008)
Schramm, Carl J., "Crisis of Democracy," Stanford Social Innovation Review (Fall 2008)
Schramm, Carl J., "Economics And The Entrepreneur," Claremont Review of Books (Spring 2008)
Schramm, Carl J., "The High Cost of Low Ethics," Journal of Markets and Morality (January 2007)
Schramm, Carl J., "Law Outside the Market," Harvard Journal of Law and Public Policy (February 2007)
Schramm, Carl J. and Litan, Robert, "Immigrants and Laureates," The Washington Post (October 12, 2007)
Schramm, Carl J. and Litan, Robert E., "Can Europe Compete," Commentary (September 2007)
Schramm, Carl J. and Amar Bhide, "Phelp's Prize," Wall Street Journal (January 29, 2007)
Schramm, Carl J., The Entrepreneurial Imperative (2006), Harper Collins.
Ewing Marion Kauffman Foundation
The Ewing Marion Kauffman Foundation is a non-profit foundation based in Kansas City, Missouri. It has an asset base of $2 billion...
, a private philanthropic foundation devoted to entrepreneurship and education. The Economist has hailed Schramm as the "evangelist of entrepreneurship."
A 1968 graduate of LeMoyne College with a B.S. in Economics, Schramm earned his M.S. (1969) and Ph.D. (1973) in economics at the University of Wisconsin, and also a law degree at Georgetown University Law Center
Georgetown University Law Center
Georgetown University Law Center is the law school of Georgetown University, located in Washington, D.C.. Established in 1870, the Law Center offers J.D., LL.M., and S.J.D. degrees in law...
(1978). He was a Ford Foundation Doctoral Fellow and New York State Regents Graduate Fellow while at Wisconsin. Schramm began his career as staff economist at the National Commission on State Workmen’s Compensation Laws in Washington, D.C. He later served as Special Advisor to the Assistant Secretary for Policy at the US Department of Labor and Staff Economist to U.S. Senate Committee on Human Resources. In addition to serving as a Robert Wood Johnson Foundation
Robert Wood Johnson Foundation
The Robert Wood Johnson Foundation is the United States' largest philanthropy devoted exclusively to health and health care; it is based in Princeton, New Jersey. The foundation's mission is to improve the health and health care of all Americans...
Health Policy Fellow at the Institute of Medicine
Institute of Medicine
The Institute of Medicine is a not-for-profit, non-governmental American organization founded in 1970, under the congressional charter of the National Academy of Sciences...
, National Academy of Sciences
United States National Academy of Sciences
The National Academy of Sciences is a corporation in the United States whose members serve pro bono as "advisers to the nation on science, engineering, and medicine." As a national academy, new members of the organization are elected annually by current members, based on their distinguished and...
, Schramm received two consecutive Career Scientist Awards from the U.S. Public Health Service. He co-authored one of the first academic articles on hospital rate regulation, "Hospital Cost Inflation Under State Rate Setting Programs," in the New England Journal of Medicine
New England Journal of Medicine
The New England Journal of Medicine is an English-language peer-reviewed medical journal published by the Massachusetts Medical Society. It describes itself as the oldest continuously published medical journal in the world.-History:...
.
Schramm taught for fifteen years at Johns Hopkins University
Johns Hopkins University
The Johns Hopkins University, commonly referred to as Johns Hopkins, JHU, or simply Hopkins, is a private research university based in Baltimore, Maryland, United States...
, becoming an associate professor of health policy and management. While there, he founded the Johns Hopkins Center for Hospital Finance and Management (HCFIA), leading it from 1980 to 1987 and overseeing a postdoctoral program, the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation
Robert Wood Johnson Foundation
The Robert Wood Johnson Foundation is the United States' largest philanthropy devoted exclusively to health and health care; it is based in Princeton, New Jersey. The foundation's mission is to improve the health and health care of all Americans...
Faculty Fellowships in Health Care Finance. During this time, Schramm also served as Commissioner and Chairman of the Maryland Health Services Cost Review Commission, assuming the economist's seat upon the retirement of Mancur Olson
Mancur Olson
Mancur Lloyd Olson, Jr. was a leading American economist and social scientist who, at the time of his death, worked at the University of Maryland, College Park...
.
After co-founding HCIA, an aggregator of hospital data, Schramm became president of the Health Insurance Association of America (today called America's Health Insurance Plans). He also served as executive vice president of Fortis
Fortis (finance)
Fortis N.V./S.A. was a company active in insurance, banking and investment management. In 2007 it was the 20th largest business in the world by revenue but after encountering severe problems in the financial crisis of 2008, most of the company was sold in parts, with only insurance activities...
(formerly Time Insurance Company, now Assurant
Assurant
Assurant is a specialty insurance company headquartered in New York City. Assurant’s four businesses provide a wide range of insurance products and related services, including creditor-placed homeowners insurance, manufactured housing homeowners insurance, credit insurance, individual health and...
) and as president of its health insurance operations. While there, he developed several innovations, including transition coverage for recent college graduates. He also founded Greenspring Advisors, a consulting and merchant banking firm in the health information and risk management industries.
In 2002, Schramm was recruited to head the Ewing Marion Kauffman Foundation
Ewing Marion Kauffman Foundation
The Ewing Marion Kauffman Foundation is a non-profit foundation based in Kansas City, Missouri. It has an asset base of $2 billion...
. Under his leadership, the Kauffman Foundation has developed innovative programs that expose students to the power of entrepreneurship, open new pathways to effectively move university innovations into the marketplace, create better-qualified angel investors as a critical source of seed capital for entrepreneurs, and engage economists of the highest caliber to study the impact of entrepreneurship. Schramm has been instrumental in the development of a partnership with the U.S. Department of Commerce to create an international entrepreneurship resource at www.entrepreneurship.gov and also spearheaded the Foundation’s sponsorship of the first-ever Global Entrepreneurship Week, which he announced in November 2007 with UK Prime Minister Gordon Brown
Gordon Brown
James Gordon Brown is a British Labour Party politician who was the Prime Minister of the United Kingdom and Leader of the Labour Party from 2007 until 2010. He previously served as Chancellor of the Exchequer in the Labour Government from 1997 to 2007...
. Schramm has also led Kauffman in the development of an international fellowship program, which is funded by other governments, including the United Kingdom
United Kingdom
The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandIn the United Kingdom and Dependencies, other languages have been officially recognised as legitimate autochthonous languages under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages...
and Denmark
Denmark
Denmark is a Scandinavian country in Northern Europe. The countries of Denmark and Greenland, as well as the Faroe Islands, constitute the Kingdom of Denmark . It is the southernmost of the Nordic countries, southwest of Sweden and south of Norway, and bordered to the south by Germany. Denmark...
, for aspiring entrepreneurs.
Schramm received the George Eastman Medal from the University of Rochester
University of Rochester
The University of Rochester is a private, nonsectarian, research university in Rochester, New York, United States. The university grants undergraduate and graduate degrees, including doctoral and professional degrees. The university has six schools and various interdisciplinary programs.The...
in 2005. In 2007, Schramm chaired the Secretary of Commerce's Measuring Innovation in the 21st Century Economy Advisory Committee, which produced the report, "Innovation Measurement: Tracking the State of Innovation in the American Economy." On May 17, 2009, Schramm gave the Commencement address at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
The University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign is a large public research-intensive university in the state of Illinois, United States. It is the flagship campus of the University of Illinois system...
.
A prolific writer and speaker, Schramm has authored or coauthored scores of articles, testified before Congress on numerous occasions, and speaks frequently on entrepreneurship, innovation, and the economic future. He introduced the field of "expeditionary economics" in a 2010 essay in Foreign Affairs
Foreign Affairs
Foreign Affairs is an American magazine and website on international relations and U.S. foreign policy published since 1922 by the Council on Foreign Relations six times annually...
. His 2004 Foreign Affairs
Foreign Affairs
Foreign Affairs is an American magazine and website on international relations and U.S. foreign policy published since 1922 by the Council on Foreign Relations six times annually...
article, "Building Entrepreneurial Economies," is one of the journal's most requested reprints. Schramm is the author of The Entrepreneurial Imperative, co-author of Good Capitalism, Bad Capitalism, and editor of the American Assembly's Health Care and Its Costs. His other work has appeared in many leading academic journals, as well as The Wall Street Journal, USA Today, and Newsweek. The National Chamber Foundation named Good Capitalism, Bad Capitalism one of the "Top Ten Books That Drive the Debate" in 2008.
Selected bibliography
Schramm, Carl J., "Expeditionary Economics: Spurring Growth After Conflicts and Disasters," Foreign Affairs (May/June 2010)Schramm, Carl J., "Made in America," The National Interest (May/June 2010)
Schramm, Carl J., "All Entrepreneurship is Social," Stanford Social Innovation Review (Spring 2010)
Schramm, Carl J., "Managing Foundations Toward the Goal of Expanding Human Welfare," presented at the Distinguished Speakers Series of the University of Southern California’s Center on Philanthropy and Public Policy (Los Angeles, Calif., February 21, 2008)
Schramm, Carl J., Presidential address, "The Future of Entrepreneurship in a World Twenty Years From Now," TiE Entrepreneurial Summit 2008 (Bangalore, India, December 16, 2008)
Schramm, Carl J., and Giovannini, Enrico, "Where Companies Grow," The Wall Street Journal, Real Clear Politics, Real Clear Markets (December 3, 2008)
Schramm, Carl J., "The Future of the University and Public Research for the Entrepreneurial Age," Preface to The Future of the Research University: Meeting the Global Challenges of the 21st Century, a book of scholarly papers presented at the Kauffman-Planck Summit on Entrepreneurship Research and Policy (November 2008)
Schramm, Carl J., "Why We Need Joe the Plumber’s Dream," CNN.com (October 21, 2008)
Schramm, Carl J., "Crisis of Democracy," Stanford Social Innovation Review (Fall 2008)
Schramm, Carl J., "Economics And The Entrepreneur," Claremont Review of Books (Spring 2008)
Schramm, Carl J., "The High Cost of Low Ethics," Journal of Markets and Morality (January 2007)
Schramm, Carl J., "Law Outside the Market," Harvard Journal of Law and Public Policy (February 2007)
Schramm, Carl J. and Litan, Robert, "Immigrants and Laureates," The Washington Post (October 12, 2007)
Schramm, Carl J. and Litan, Robert E., "Can Europe Compete," Commentary (September 2007)
Schramm, Carl J. and Amar Bhide, "Phelp's Prize," Wall Street Journal (January 29, 2007)
Schramm, Carl J., The Entrepreneurial Imperative (2006), Harper Collins.