Brumaire
Encyclopedia
Brumaire was the second month in the French Republican Calendar
. The month was named after the French word brume (fog) which occurs frequently in France at that time of the year.
Brumaire was the second month of the autumn quarter (mois d'automne). It started between 22 October and 24 October. It ended between 20 November and 22 November. It follows the Vendémiaire
and precedes the Frimaire
.
In political/historical usage, Brumaire often refers to the coup d'état of 18 Brumaire
in the year VIII (9 November 1799), by which General Napoleon Bonaparte
overthrew the government of the Directory
to replace it with the Consulate
.
|- bgcolor=#e0e0e0
| ALIGN="right"|
| ALIGN="center" colspan=2| 1re Décade
| ALIGN="center" colspan=2| 2e Décade
| ALIGN="center" colspan=2| 3e Décade
|-
| ALIGN="right" bgcolor=#e0e0e0|Primidi
| ALIGN="right" bgcolor=#d0f0d0| 1.
| ALIGN="left" bgcolor=#fffff0 width=28%|Pomme (Apple)
| ALIGN="right" bgcolor=#d0f0d0|11.
| ALIGN="left" bgcolor=#fffff0 width=28%|Salsifis (Salsify)
| ALIGN="right" bgcolor=#d0f0d0|21.
| ALIGN="left" bgcolor=#fffff0 width=28%|Bacchante (Wild Ginger)
|-
| ALIGN="right" bgcolor=#e0e0e0|Duodi
| ALIGN="right" bgcolor=#d0f0d0| 2.
| ALIGN="left" bgcolor=#fffff0|Céleri (Celery)
| ALIGN="right" bgcolor=#d0f0d0|12.
| ALIGN="left" bgcolor=#fffff0|Macre (Water Chestnut)
| ALIGN="right" bgcolor=#d0f0d0|22.
| ALIGN="left" bgcolor=#fffff0|Azerole (Crete Hawthorn)
|-
| ALIGN="right" bgcolor=#e0e0e0|Tridi
| ALIGN="right" bgcolor=#d0f0d0| 3.
| ALIGN="left" bgcolor=#fffff0|Poire (Pear)
| ALIGN="right" bgcolor=#d0f0d0|13.
| ALIGN="left" bgcolor=#fffff0|Topinambour (Jerusalem Artichoke)
| ALIGN="right" bgcolor=#d0f0d0|23.
| ALIGN="left" bgcolor=#fffff0|Garence (Madder)
|-
| ALIGN="right" bgcolor=#e0e0e0|Quartidi
| ALIGN="right" bgcolor=#d0f0d0| 4.
| ALIGN="left" bgcolor=#fffff0|Betterave (Beet Root)
| ALIGN="right" bgcolor=#d0f0d0|14.
| ALIGN="left" bgcolor=#fffff0|Endive (Endive)
| ALIGN="right" bgcolor=#d0f0d0|24.
| ALIGN="left" bgcolor=#fffff0|Orange (Orange)
|-
| ALIGN="right" bgcolor=#e0e0e0|Quintidi
| ALIGN="right" bgcolor=#d0f0d0| 5.
| ALIGN="left" bgcolor=#fffff0|Oye (Goose)
| ALIGN="right" bgcolor=#d0f0d0|15.
| ALIGN="left" bgcolor=#fffff0|Dindon (Turkey)
| ALIGN="right" bgcolor=#d0f0d0|25.
| ALIGN="left" bgcolor=#fffff0|Faisan (Pheasant)
|-
| ALIGN="right" bgcolor=#e0e0e0|Sextidi
| ALIGN="right" bgcolor=#d0f0d0| 6.
| ALIGN="left" bgcolor=#fffff0|Héliotrope (European Turnsole)
| ALIGN="right" bgcolor=#d0f0d0|16.
| ALIGN="left" bgcolor=#fffff0|Chervi (Skirret)
| ALIGN="right" bgcolor=#d0f0d0|26.
| ALIGN="left" bgcolor=#fffff0|Pistache (Pistachio)
|-
| ALIGN="right" bgcolor=#e0e0e0|Septidi
| ALIGN="right" bgcolor=#d0f0d0| 7.
| ALIGN="left" bgcolor=#fffff0|Figue (Fig)
| ALIGN="right" bgcolor=#d0f0d0|17.
| ALIGN="left" bgcolor=#fffff0|Cresson (Cress)
| ALIGN="right" bgcolor=#d0f0d0|27.
| ALIGN="left" bgcolor=#fffff0|Macjonc (Sweetpea)
|-
| ALIGN="right" bgcolor=#e0e0e0|Octidi
| ALIGN="right" bgcolor=#d0f0d0| 8.
| ALIGN="left" bgcolor=#fffff0|Scorsonère (Black Salsify)
| ALIGN="right" bgcolor=#d0f0d0|18.
| ALIGN="left" bgcolor=#fffff0|Dentelaire (Leadwort)
| ALIGN="right" bgcolor=#d0f0d0|28.
| ALIGN="left" bgcolor=#fffff0|Coing (Quince)
|-
| ALIGN="right" bgcolor=#e0e0e0|Nonidi
| ALIGN="right" bgcolor=#d0f0d0| 9.
| ALIGN="left" bgcolor=#fffff0|Alisier (Chequer Tree)
| ALIGN="right" bgcolor=#d0f0d0|19.
| ALIGN="left" bgcolor=#fffff0|Grenade (Pomegranate)
| ALIGN="right" bgcolor=#d0f0d0|29.
| ALIGN="left" bgcolor=#fffff0|Cormier (Service Tree)
|-
| ALIGN="right" bgcolor=#e0e0e0|Decadi
| ALIGN="right" bgcolor=#d0f0d0|10.
| ALIGN="left" bgcolor=#fffff0|Charrue (Plough)
| ALIGN="right" bgcolor=#d0f0d0|20.
| ALIGN="left" bgcolor=#fffff0|Herse (Harrow)
| ALIGN="right" bgcolor=#d0f0d0|30.
| ALIGN="left" bgcolor=#fffff0|Rouleau (Roller)
|}>
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October
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French Republican Calendar
The French Republican Calendar or French Revolutionary Calendar was a calendar created and implemented during the French Revolution, and used by the French government for about 12 years from late 1793 to 1805, and for 18 days by the Paris Commune in 1871...
. The month was named after the French word brume (fog) which occurs frequently in France at that time of the year.
Brumaire was the second month of the autumn quarter (mois d'automne). It started between 22 October and 24 October. It ended between 20 November and 22 November. It follows the Vendémiaire
Vendémiaire
Vendémiaire was the first month in the French Republican Calendar. The month was named after the French word vendange .Vendémiaire was the first month of the autumn quarter . It started on the day of the autumnal equinox, which fell between 22 September and 24 September, inclusive. It thus ended...
and precedes the Frimaire
Frimaire
Frimaire was the third month in the French Republican Calendar. The month was named after the French word frimas, which means frost.Frimaire was the third month of the autumn quarter . It started between November 21 and November 23. It ended between December 20 and December 22...
.
In political/historical usage, Brumaire often refers to the coup d'état of 18 Brumaire
18 Brumaire
The coup of 18 Brumaire was the coup d'état by which General Napoleon Bonaparte overthrew the French Directory, replacing it with the French Consulate...
in the year VIII (9 November 1799), by which General Napoleon Bonaparte
Napoleon I of France
Napoleon Bonaparte was a French military and political leader during the latter stages of the French Revolution.As Napoleon I, he was Emperor of the French from 1804 to 1815...
overthrew the government of the Directory
French Directory
The Directory was a body of five Directors that held executive power in France following the Convention and preceding the Consulate...
to replace it with the Consulate
French Consulate
The Consulate was the government of France between the fall of the Directory in the coup of 18 Brumaire in 1799 until the start of the Napoleonic Empire in 1804...
.
Day name table
Like all FRC months Brumaire lasted 30 days and was divided into three 10-day weeks called décades (decades). Every day had the name of an agricultural plant, except the 5th (Quintidi) and 10th day (Decadi) of every decade, which had the name of a domestic animal (Quintidi) or an agricultural tool (Decadi).|- bgcolor=#e0e0e0
| ALIGN="right"|
| ALIGN="center" colspan=2| 1re Décade
| ALIGN="center" colspan=2| 2e Décade
| ALIGN="center" colspan=2| 3e Décade
|-
| ALIGN="right" bgcolor=#e0e0e0|Primidi
| ALIGN="right" bgcolor=#d0f0d0| 1.
| ALIGN="left" bgcolor=#fffff0 width=28%|Pomme (Apple)
| ALIGN="right" bgcolor=#d0f0d0|11.
| ALIGN="left" bgcolor=#fffff0 width=28%|Salsifis (Salsify)
| ALIGN="right" bgcolor=#d0f0d0|21.
| ALIGN="left" bgcolor=#fffff0 width=28%|Bacchante (Wild Ginger)
|-
| ALIGN="right" bgcolor=#e0e0e0|Duodi
| ALIGN="right" bgcolor=#d0f0d0| 2.
| ALIGN="left" bgcolor=#fffff0|Céleri (Celery)
| ALIGN="right" bgcolor=#d0f0d0|12.
| ALIGN="left" bgcolor=#fffff0|Macre (Water Chestnut)
| ALIGN="right" bgcolor=#d0f0d0|22.
| ALIGN="left" bgcolor=#fffff0|Azerole (Crete Hawthorn)
|-
| ALIGN="right" bgcolor=#e0e0e0|Tridi
| ALIGN="right" bgcolor=#d0f0d0| 3.
| ALIGN="left" bgcolor=#fffff0|Poire (Pear)
| ALIGN="right" bgcolor=#d0f0d0|13.
| ALIGN="left" bgcolor=#fffff0|Topinambour (Jerusalem Artichoke)
| ALIGN="right" bgcolor=#d0f0d0|23.
| ALIGN="left" bgcolor=#fffff0|Garence (Madder)
|-
| ALIGN="right" bgcolor=#e0e0e0|Quartidi
| ALIGN="right" bgcolor=#d0f0d0| 4.
| ALIGN="left" bgcolor=#fffff0|Betterave (Beet Root)
| ALIGN="right" bgcolor=#d0f0d0|14.
| ALIGN="left" bgcolor=#fffff0|Endive (Endive)
| ALIGN="right" bgcolor=#d0f0d0|24.
| ALIGN="left" bgcolor=#fffff0|Orange (Orange)
|-
| ALIGN="right" bgcolor=#e0e0e0|Quintidi
| ALIGN="right" bgcolor=#d0f0d0| 5.
| ALIGN="left" bgcolor=#fffff0|Oye (Goose)
| ALIGN="right" bgcolor=#d0f0d0|15.
| ALIGN="left" bgcolor=#fffff0|Dindon (Turkey)
| ALIGN="right" bgcolor=#d0f0d0|25.
| ALIGN="left" bgcolor=#fffff0|Faisan (Pheasant)
|-
| ALIGN="right" bgcolor=#e0e0e0|Sextidi
| ALIGN="right" bgcolor=#d0f0d0| 6.
| ALIGN="left" bgcolor=#fffff0|Héliotrope (European Turnsole)
| ALIGN="right" bgcolor=#d0f0d0|16.
| ALIGN="left" bgcolor=#fffff0|Chervi (Skirret)
| ALIGN="right" bgcolor=#d0f0d0|26.
| ALIGN="left" bgcolor=#fffff0|Pistache (Pistachio)
|-
| ALIGN="right" bgcolor=#e0e0e0|Septidi
| ALIGN="right" bgcolor=#d0f0d0| 7.
| ALIGN="left" bgcolor=#fffff0|Figue (Fig)
| ALIGN="right" bgcolor=#d0f0d0|17.
| ALIGN="left" bgcolor=#fffff0|Cresson (Cress)
| ALIGN="right" bgcolor=#d0f0d0|27.
| ALIGN="left" bgcolor=#fffff0|Macjonc (Sweetpea)
|-
| ALIGN="right" bgcolor=#e0e0e0|Octidi
| ALIGN="right" bgcolor=#d0f0d0| 8.
| ALIGN="left" bgcolor=#fffff0|Scorsonère (Black Salsify)
| ALIGN="right" bgcolor=#d0f0d0|18.
| ALIGN="left" bgcolor=#fffff0|Dentelaire (Leadwort)
| ALIGN="right" bgcolor=#d0f0d0|28.
| ALIGN="left" bgcolor=#fffff0|Coing (Quince)
|-
| ALIGN="right" bgcolor=#e0e0e0|Nonidi
| ALIGN="right" bgcolor=#d0f0d0| 9.
| ALIGN="left" bgcolor=#fffff0|Alisier (Chequer Tree)
| ALIGN="right" bgcolor=#d0f0d0|19.
| ALIGN="left" bgcolor=#fffff0|Grenade (Pomegranate)
| ALIGN="right" bgcolor=#d0f0d0|29.
| ALIGN="left" bgcolor=#fffff0|Cormier (Service Tree)
|-
| ALIGN="right" bgcolor=#e0e0e0|Decadi
| ALIGN="right" bgcolor=#d0f0d0|10.
| ALIGN="left" bgcolor=#fffff0|Charrue (Plough)
| ALIGN="right" bgcolor=#d0f0d0|20.
| ALIGN="left" bgcolor=#fffff0|Herse (Harrow)
| ALIGN="right" bgcolor=#d0f0d0|30.
| ALIGN="left" bgcolor=#fffff0|Rouleau (Roller)
|}>
Conversion table
| Table for conversion between Republican and Gregorian Calendar for the month "Brumaire" |
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| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 |
| 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | 31 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 |
| idth="100%" style="text-align: center"> | October | 1792 | 1793 | 1794 | 1796 | 1797 | 1798 | November |
| idth="77%" align="center" style="text-align:center"> | ||||||
| IV | VIII | IX | X | XI | XIII | XIV |
| idth="11%" align="center" style="text-align:center"> |
| XII |
