Barbara Leonard Reynolds
Encyclopedia
Barbara Leonard Reynolds (June 12, 1915 – February 11, 1990), was an author who became a Quaker, peace activist
and educator. In 1951, Barbara and her family moved to Hiroshima
with her husband, Dr. Earle L. Reynolds
, who was assigned by the American government to conduct a three-year study on the effects of radiation on children who had survived the first atomic bomb (1951–54).
Barbara was fifteen and one month from graduating when her father, 43, a popular English teacher at the University of Wisconsin, drowned in Lake Mendota. A colleague from Cambridge University, Dr. I.A. Richards, 38, had come to Madison to meet Dr. Leonard and learn more of Leonard's original perspectives on English usage. Dr. Richards had spoken at the University of Wisconsin the night before and the two were spending the afternoon canoeing together. The canoe capsized and after two hours in the cold water, Leonard lost his grip on the canoe and sank. Dr. Richards was later rescued exhausted and in shock. Dr. Leonard's death was the top story in both The (Madison, WI) Capital Times and the Chicago Daily Tribune . The failure of lifeguards on shore to see the overturned canoe and save the two professors became a local scandal, resulting in an investigation. (Dr. Leonard's body was never recovered.)
In 1935, Barbara married Earle L. Reynolds and they had three children, Tim (1936), Ted (1938) and Jessica (1944).
In 1954, Barbara and her family sailed around the world in the Phoenix of Hiroshima
, a yacht which Earle had designed. In 1958, the family sailed into the American nuclear testing zone in the Pacific to protest. In 1961, to the USSR to protest nuclear testing, stopped by a Soviet
vessel off of Nakhodka
, they were unable to persuade the captain to receive the hundreds of written appeals for disarmament they carried with them from the survivors of Hiroshima and Nagasaki
. Upon their return to Hiroshima, Barbara determined to hand-carry the messages to government leaders and the United Nations. She organized a Peace Pilgrimage in 1962, accompanying two hibakusha
, one a schoolgirl at the time of the bomb and another a baby boy orphaned by the bomb, around the world as they shared their personal experiences of atomic war, appealing to world leaders to ban nuclear weapons. Two years later Barbara organized the World Peace Study Mission, taking 25 survivors of both cities plus 15 interpreters to every nuclear nation, including the USSR. Dr. Tomin Harada, a physician who dedicated his life to the continuing medical needs of the hibakusha due to delayed radiation sickness, and who had named a species of rose he developed after Barbara, wrote in one of his two books about her, "Through Barbara's World Peace Study Mission the survivors of the atomic bomb were introduced to the world and the anti-nuclear movement gained strength."
in 1978. Almost immediately she was caught up in the needs of Cambodian refugees fleeing the "killing fields" of Pol Pot
. She helped them get settled in what they hoped would be their temporary country, finding them housing, employment, education and giving them moral support.
During this time she was working to persuade senators to let a badly-wounded young Vietnamese woman, Mai Phuong Dao, out of Ho Chi Minh City
. Dao worked in an orphanage in Saigon but when the American troops pulled out, the Viet Cong entered the city and took over the orphanage as a military barracks. Dao, fearing for the lives of the five half-American orphans, took two of them into her own home, with a baby of her own. When the family, including Dao's own child, were finally permitted to come to America, Barbara housed them in her own apartment.
Indignant at having to pay taxes for war, Barbara deliberately lived below the poverty level so she wouldn't owe taxes. She vowed she would never have an easier life than the survivors of the bomb had, nor than the Cambodian refugees around her from the war in South-East Asia.
Barbara's writing closely mirrored her family's adventures. After her first book, a murder mystery, Alias for Death, she wrote books for each of her children: Pepper, about Tim and his raccoon; Hamlet and Brownswiggle, about Ted and his hamsters; and Emily San, about an American girl living with her family in Japan. She wrote Cabin Boy and Extra Ballast about a brother and sister sailing with their family from Japan to Honolulu. After the family had sailed around the world in a yacht designed and built by her husband, Barbara switched back to adult non-fiction to co-author All in the Same Boat with him.
Earle and Barbara were at a writers' retreat when news came that the United States had dropped a uniquely devastating bomb on Hiroshima and another on Nagasaki. They remembered feeling only relief that the war was almost over. In 1951 Dr. Reynolds was sent by the Atomic Energy Commission to Hiroshima to study the effects of radiation on children exposed to the first atomic bomb. Barbara and the family went with him. They lived in Nijimura, an Army occupation base nearby. During their three years there, he designed and built a 50 feet (15.2 m) yacht, Phoenix of Hiroshima
.
In 1958, the family (minus their eldest son Tim) and one remaining crew member, Niichi (Nick) Mikami, (the other two had flown back to Japan from Panama) arrived back in Honolulu. Across the dock was a 35 feet (10.7 m) yacht, the Golden Rule, in which four Quaker men had attempted to protest American nuclear testing in the Pacific. They were arrested under an injunction put into effect while they were at sea, forbidding American citizens to enter the 390000 square miles (1,010,095.4 km²) area of the ocean where the weapons were being tested.
In the end, the Reynolds family and Nick sailed the Phoenix into the test zone in their stead. They crossed the invisible line on July 2 and were stopped 65 miles (104.6 km) inside the zone by the American Coast Guard ship Planetree. Dr. Earle Reynolds, as captain, was put under arrest. He was ordered to sail the Phoenix to Kwajalein, from which he, Barbara and Jessica were flown back to Honolulu by MATS plane for Earle's trial. Unable to find a third man to help Ted and Nick, who had stayed with the Phoenix, Barbara flew back to Kwajalein and the three sailed the 30-ton yacht against the wind back to Hawaii, a trip which took sixty days.
After Reynolds' conviction and its reversal after a two-year appeal, the family were free to complete their circumnavigation, which made Mikami the first Japanese yachtsman to sail around the world.
On arriving in Hiroshima to an enthusiastic welcome from friends and strangers alike, the Reynolds family were surprised at the appreciation expressed by hibakusha (fire-exploded people) for their protest against nuclear weapons. Walking along a Hiroshima street one day, Barbara was stopped by a hesitant woman in full kimono. The woman pulled up her sleeve to show gnarled keloid scars typical of atomic bomb burns. With tears in her eyes she thanked Barbara for giving her a voice to share the cry of her heart, "No More Hiroshimas", with the world. Barbara often mentioned this in talks, saying, with tears in her own eyes, "it had never occurred to us to represent anyone but ourselves." This became a turning point for Barbara and she committed herself to speaking out against nuclear weapons and for disarmament.
Many who had openly reacted against their unpopular anti-nuke actions had told the family, "Go tell it to the Russians!" In 1961, when the USSR resumed their own nuclear testing program, they did. In October, they sailed to Nakhodka and were stopped within the 12 miles (19.3 km) limit claimed by the USSR by a Soviet Coast Guard boat. The captain and several other officers jumped aboard the Phoenix. Although the Reynoldses were able to have a two-hour discussion about peace with him, Captain Ivanov would not accept the hundreds of letters from Hiroshima and Nagasaki citizens, begging for peace.
The family returned to Japan. Barbara spent that cold Christmas Day in the Peace Park, at the foot of the monument to the children killed by the A-bomb. She fasted and prayed for wisdom to know what to do with the hopes and entreaties of all those who looked to the Reynolds family for an end to war.
From that time of introspection, Barbara decided a survivor from Hiroshima ought to take the letters to leaders around the world. When asked why hibakusha, Barbara reportedly said, "Because they are the prophets of this present age." A committee of Hiroshima leaders choose two survivors to represent the city, a 29-year-old woman, Miyoko Matsubara, and an 18-year-old student, Hiromasa (Hiro) Hanabusa.
Barbara agreed to accompany them. Over five months, the three Peace Pilgrims traveled through 13 countries, including the Soviet Union, appealing for nuclear disarmament and receiving a warm and open reception from public leaders, churches, schools and the media. During their six weeks in the United States, they spoke to 187 groups and met with many leaders in Washington D.C. and at the United Nations. In Geneva the three attended the 1962 Disarmament Conference.
In 1964 Reynolds organized an even more ambitious world tour, the World Peace Study Mission. Over three months, 25 survivors from both Hiroshima and Nagasaki with 15 interpreters, visited eight countries, including all the (then) nuclear nations. Teachers went to meet with teachers, doctors with doctors and at the UN they appealed to the U.S. government to return Hiroshima--A Documentary of Atomic Bombing, to the Japanese, who had made it. (It had been impounded and classified by the U.S. military forces soon after the occupation of Japan.)
Upon their return, Earle and Barbara divorced.
first Director, Dr. Harada the first Chairman of a Board of ten non-political persons and an international board of honorary sponsors. Dr. Albert Schweitzer, accepted a position as a sponsor in one of the last letters he wrote. Tens of thousands of people have stayed at WFC since its founding.
She spent the next 13 years getting to know the people who had experienced the bomb. They lived in shacks overhanging Hiroshima's seven rivers. They were self-conscious about their scars and never appeared in public during the day, ostracized by newcomers to the city who wanted to forget the past. Many had disfigurements or compromised immune systems which prevented them from getting or keeping jobs. Barbara developed "Hibakusha Handicrafts," finding people to teach them to make simple coin purses and other things which she would bring to the States to sell for them. She often visited the Hiroshima A-Bomb Hospital where the survivors were still succumbing to lethal radiation sickness years after the war had ended.
Upon the death of Hiro Hanabusa's grandmother, Barbara adopted him and put him through college in the States. An orphan and a survivor of Hiroshima, Hiro's prospects for marriage were slight. Barbara negotiated with the parents of Atsuko , to arrange a marriage for Hiro with the woman he loved. Hiro, himself an orphan, fathered seven children.
Barbara received one of 15 Wonder Woman awards in 1984. Fifteen women, all over 40, were chosen for trying to right wrongs "people don't want to talk about," according to Koryne Horbal, Executive Director of the Wonder Woman Foundation, a non-profit organization founded in 1981. "They are role models for the next generation, they are living history."
Survivors designed a monument to Barbara, featuring her statement, "I, too, am a hibakusha." It was unveiled in the Hiroshima Peace Park (Ground Zero) on June 12, 2011, which would have been her 96th birthday.
Peace activist
This list of peace activists includes people who proactively advocate diplomatic, non-military resolution of political disputes, usually through nonviolent means.A peace activist is an activist of the peace movement.*Jane Addams*Martti Ahtisaari...
and educator. In 1951, Barbara and her family moved to Hiroshima
Hiroshima
is the capital of Hiroshima Prefecture, and the largest city in the Chūgoku region of western Honshu, the largest island of Japan. It became best known as the first city in history to be destroyed by a nuclear weapon when the United States Army Air Forces dropped an atomic bomb on it at 8:15 A.M...
with her husband, Dr. Earle L. Reynolds
Earle L. Reynolds
Earle L. Reynolds was an anthropologist, educator, author, Quaker, and peace activist. He was sent to Hiroshima by the Atomic Energy Commission in 1951 to study the effects of the first atomic bomb on the growth and development of exposed children...
, who was assigned by the American government to conduct a three-year study on the effects of radiation on children who had survived the first atomic bomb (1951–54).
Early life
She was born Barbara Dorrit Leonard in Milwaukee, Wisconsin, the only child of Dr. Sterling Andrus Leonard, a Professor of English and Education at the University of Wisconsin and prolific author of books on English composition and literature and Minnetta Florence Sammis, an educator who evaluated the safety of new toys for children. Barbara's paternal grandmother, Eva Leonard, was a syndicated daily columnist in over 200 newspapers during World War II and later wrote advice to the lovelorn under the name Elizabeth Thompson.Barbara was fifteen and one month from graduating when her father, 43, a popular English teacher at the University of Wisconsin, drowned in Lake Mendota. A colleague from Cambridge University, Dr. I.A. Richards, 38, had come to Madison to meet Dr. Leonard and learn more of Leonard's original perspectives on English usage. Dr. Richards had spoken at the University of Wisconsin the night before and the two were spending the afternoon canoeing together. The canoe capsized and after two hours in the cold water, Leonard lost his grip on the canoe and sank. Dr. Richards was later rescued exhausted and in shock. Dr. Leonard's death was the top story in both The (Madison, WI) Capital Times and the Chicago Daily Tribune . The failure of lifeguards on shore to see the overturned canoe and save the two professors became a local scandal, resulting in an investigation. (Dr. Leonard's body was never recovered.)
In 1935, Barbara married Earle L. Reynolds and they had three children, Tim (1936), Ted (1938) and Jessica (1944).
In 1954, Barbara and her family sailed around the world in the Phoenix of Hiroshima
Phoenix of Hiroshima
The Phoenix of Hiroshima was a 50-foot, 30-ton yacht that circumnavigated the globe and was later involved in several famous protest voyages.-Construction and launch:...
, a yacht which Earle had designed. In 1958, the family sailed into the American nuclear testing zone in the Pacific to protest. In 1961, to the USSR to protest nuclear testing, stopped by a Soviet
Soviet Union
The Soviet Union , officially the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics , was a constitutionally socialist state that existed in Eurasia between 1922 and 1991....
vessel off of Nakhodka
Nakhodka
Nakhodka is a port city in Primorsky Krai, Russia, situated on the Trudny Peninsula jutting into the Nakhodka Bay of the Sea of Japan, about east of Vladivostok...
, they were unable to persuade the captain to receive the hundreds of written appeals for disarmament they carried with them from the survivors of Hiroshima and Nagasaki
Hibakusha
The surviving victims of the atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki are called , a Japanese word that literally translates to "explosion-affected people"...
. Upon their return to Hiroshima, Barbara determined to hand-carry the messages to government leaders and the United Nations. She organized a Peace Pilgrimage in 1962, accompanying two hibakusha
Hibakusha
The surviving victims of the atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki are called , a Japanese word that literally translates to "explosion-affected people"...
, one a schoolgirl at the time of the bomb and another a baby boy orphaned by the bomb, around the world as they shared their personal experiences of atomic war, appealing to world leaders to ban nuclear weapons. Two years later Barbara organized the World Peace Study Mission, taking 25 survivors of both cities plus 15 interpreters to every nuclear nation, including the USSR. Dr. Tomin Harada, a physician who dedicated his life to the continuing medical needs of the hibakusha due to delayed radiation sickness, and who had named a species of rose he developed after Barbara, wrote in one of his two books about her, "Through Barbara's World Peace Study Mission the survivors of the atomic bomb were introduced to the world and the anti-nuclear movement gained strength."
Later life
Barbara moved to Long Beach, CaliforniaLong Beach, California
Long Beach is a city situated in Los Angeles County in Southern California, on the Pacific coast of the United States. The city is the 36th-largest city in the nation and the seventh-largest in California. As of 2010, its population was 462,257...
in 1978. Almost immediately she was caught up in the needs of Cambodian refugees fleeing the "killing fields" of Pol Pot
Pol Pot
Saloth Sar , better known as Pol Pot, , was a Cambodian Maoist revolutionary who led the Khmer Rouge from 1963 until his death in 1998. From 1976 to 1979, he served as the Prime Minister of Democratic Kampuchea....
. She helped them get settled in what they hoped would be their temporary country, finding them housing, employment, education and giving them moral support.
During this time she was working to persuade senators to let a badly-wounded young Vietnamese woman, Mai Phuong Dao, out of Ho Chi Minh City
Ho Chi Minh City
Ho Chi Minh City , formerly named Saigon is the largest city in Vietnam...
. Dao worked in an orphanage in Saigon but when the American troops pulled out, the Viet Cong entered the city and took over the orphanage as a military barracks. Dao, fearing for the lives of the five half-American orphans, took two of them into her own home, with a baby of her own. When the family, including Dao's own child, were finally permitted to come to America, Barbara housed them in her own apartment.
Indignant at having to pay taxes for war, Barbara deliberately lived below the poverty level so she wouldn't owe taxes. She vowed she would never have an easier life than the survivors of the bomb had, nor than the Cambodian refugees around her from the war in South-East Asia.
Author
Coming from a family of writers, Barbara, her husband Earle, all three of their children and two of their nine grandchildren would become published authorsBarbara's writing closely mirrored her family's adventures. After her first book, a murder mystery, Alias for Death, she wrote books for each of her children: Pepper, about Tim and his raccoon; Hamlet and Brownswiggle, about Ted and his hamsters; and Emily San, about an American girl living with her family in Japan. She wrote Cabin Boy and Extra Ballast about a brother and sister sailing with their family from Japan to Honolulu. After the family had sailed around the world in a yacht designed and built by her husband, Barbara switched back to adult non-fiction to co-author All in the Same Boat with him.
Earle and Barbara were at a writers' retreat when news came that the United States had dropped a uniquely devastating bomb on Hiroshima and another on Nagasaki. They remembered feeling only relief that the war was almost over. In 1951 Dr. Reynolds was sent by the Atomic Energy Commission to Hiroshima to study the effects of radiation on children exposed to the first atomic bomb. Barbara and the family went with him. They lived in Nijimura, an Army occupation base nearby. During their three years there, he designed and built a 50 feet (15.2 m) yacht, Phoenix of Hiroshima
Phoenix of Hiroshima
The Phoenix of Hiroshima was a 50-foot, 30-ton yacht that circumnavigated the globe and was later involved in several famous protest voyages.-Construction and launch:...
.
In 1958, the family (minus their eldest son Tim) and one remaining crew member, Niichi (Nick) Mikami, (the other two had flown back to Japan from Panama) arrived back in Honolulu. Across the dock was a 35 feet (10.7 m) yacht, the Golden Rule, in which four Quaker men had attempted to protest American nuclear testing in the Pacific. They were arrested under an injunction put into effect while they were at sea, forbidding American citizens to enter the 390000 square miles (1,010,095.4 km²) area of the ocean where the weapons were being tested.
In the end, the Reynolds family and Nick sailed the Phoenix into the test zone in their stead. They crossed the invisible line on July 2 and were stopped 65 miles (104.6 km) inside the zone by the American Coast Guard ship Planetree. Dr. Earle Reynolds, as captain, was put under arrest. He was ordered to sail the Phoenix to Kwajalein, from which he, Barbara and Jessica were flown back to Honolulu by MATS plane for Earle's trial. Unable to find a third man to help Ted and Nick, who had stayed with the Phoenix, Barbara flew back to Kwajalein and the three sailed the 30-ton yacht against the wind back to Hawaii, a trip which took sixty days.
After Reynolds' conviction and its reversal after a two-year appeal, the family were free to complete their circumnavigation, which made Mikami the first Japanese yachtsman to sail around the world.
On arriving in Hiroshima to an enthusiastic welcome from friends and strangers alike, the Reynolds family were surprised at the appreciation expressed by hibakusha (fire-exploded people) for their protest against nuclear weapons. Walking along a Hiroshima street one day, Barbara was stopped by a hesitant woman in full kimono. The woman pulled up her sleeve to show gnarled keloid scars typical of atomic bomb burns. With tears in her eyes she thanked Barbara for giving her a voice to share the cry of her heart, "No More Hiroshimas", with the world. Barbara often mentioned this in talks, saying, with tears in her own eyes, "it had never occurred to us to represent anyone but ourselves." This became a turning point for Barbara and she committed herself to speaking out against nuclear weapons and for disarmament.
Many who had openly reacted against their unpopular anti-nuke actions had told the family, "Go tell it to the Russians!" In 1961, when the USSR resumed their own nuclear testing program, they did. In October, they sailed to Nakhodka and were stopped within the 12 miles (19.3 km) limit claimed by the USSR by a Soviet Coast Guard boat. The captain and several other officers jumped aboard the Phoenix. Although the Reynoldses were able to have a two-hour discussion about peace with him, Captain Ivanov would not accept the hundreds of letters from Hiroshima and Nagasaki citizens, begging for peace.
The family returned to Japan. Barbara spent that cold Christmas Day in the Peace Park, at the foot of the monument to the children killed by the A-bomb. She fasted and prayed for wisdom to know what to do with the hopes and entreaties of all those who looked to the Reynolds family for an end to war.
From that time of introspection, Barbara decided a survivor from Hiroshima ought to take the letters to leaders around the world. When asked why hibakusha, Barbara reportedly said, "Because they are the prophets of this present age." A committee of Hiroshima leaders choose two survivors to represent the city, a 29-year-old woman, Miyoko Matsubara, and an 18-year-old student, Hiromasa (Hiro) Hanabusa.
Barbara agreed to accompany them. Over five months, the three Peace Pilgrims traveled through 13 countries, including the Soviet Union, appealing for nuclear disarmament and receiving a warm and open reception from public leaders, churches, schools and the media. During their six weeks in the United States, they spoke to 187 groups and met with many leaders in Washington D.C. and at the United Nations. In Geneva the three attended the 1962 Disarmament Conference.
In 1964 Reynolds organized an even more ambitious world tour, the World Peace Study Mission. Over three months, 25 survivors from both Hiroshima and Nagasaki with 15 interpreters, visited eight countries, including all the (then) nuclear nations. Teachers went to meet with teachers, doctors with doctors and at the UN they appealed to the U.S. government to return Hiroshima--A Documentary of Atomic Bombing, to the Japanese, who had made it. (It had been impounded and classified by the U.S. military forces soon after the occupation of Japan.)
Upon their return, Earle and Barbara divorced.
World Friendship Center
Barbara envisioned a place visiting foreigners could stay, where they could meet and hear the stories of survivors. Dedicated in 1965, the World Friendship Center has established lines of communication between hibakusha and the world through various peace efforts. Barbara was itsfirst Director, Dr. Harada the first Chairman of a Board of ten non-political persons and an international board of honorary sponsors. Dr. Albert Schweitzer, accepted a position as a sponsor in one of the last letters he wrote. Tens of thousands of people have stayed at WFC since its founding.
She spent the next 13 years getting to know the people who had experienced the bomb. They lived in shacks overhanging Hiroshima's seven rivers. They were self-conscious about their scars and never appeared in public during the day, ostracized by newcomers to the city who wanted to forget the past. Many had disfigurements or compromised immune systems which prevented them from getting or keeping jobs. Barbara developed "Hibakusha Handicrafts," finding people to teach them to make simple coin purses and other things which she would bring to the States to sell for them. She often visited the Hiroshima A-Bomb Hospital where the survivors were still succumbing to lethal radiation sickness years after the war had ended.
Upon the death of Hiro Hanabusa's grandmother, Barbara adopted him and put him through college in the States. An orphan and a survivor of Hiroshima, Hiro's prospects for marriage were slight. Barbara negotiated with the parents of Atsuko , to arrange a marriage for Hiro with the woman he loved. Hiro, himself an orphan, fathered seven children.
Hiroshima Nagasaki Memorial collection
In August 1975, she found a home for the 3,000 books and documents she had gathered regarding Hiroshima, Nagasaki, nuclear weapons and peace in both Japanese and English. During an academic symposium, "Hiroshima and Nagasaki After Thirty Years" on the Wilmington (Ohio) College campus in August, 1975, the Hiroshima Nagasaki Memorial Collection was inaugurated. It is the largest collection of materials related to the bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki outside of Japan.Humanitarian awards
For her contributions to the welfare of survivors, including the founding of the World Friendship Center, Barbara was presented with a key to the city of Hiroshima in 1969 and in 1975 was made an honorary citizen by Mayor Araki, the first woman so honored and only the second American, the first being Norman Cousins for raising the funds to bring 25 "Hiroshima Maidens" to the States for surgery for their severe injuries from the atomic bomb.Barbara received one of 15 Wonder Woman awards in 1984. Fifteen women, all over 40, were chosen for trying to right wrongs "people don't want to talk about," according to Koryne Horbal, Executive Director of the Wonder Woman Foundation, a non-profit organization founded in 1981. "They are role models for the next generation, they are living history."
Death
In 1990 she died suddenly in Wilmington, Ohio. Memorial services were held in Wilmington, in Long Beach, in Philadelphia and in Hiroshima. Every Japanese TV network and major newspaper covered her life and passing. Dr. Tomin Harada, the doctor who performed surgery on Mai Phuong Dao, attended the service in California with his wife. He wrote afterward, "Her obituary in the Los Angeles Times was smaller than those carried in Japanese newspapers. Although the American people are known for their generosity, it seemed that they had not understood Barbara." When he returned to Hiroshima, he organized a memorial service to her there.Survivors designed a monument to Barbara, featuring her statement, "I, too, am a hibakusha." It was unveiled in the Hiroshima Peace Park (Ground Zero) on June 12, 2011, which would have been her 96th birthday.
English
- Harada, Tomin, MD. Moments of Peace: Two Honorary Hiroshimans: Barbara Reynolds and Norman Cousins. Garvier Products Co., Ltd. Hiroshima, 1998. (Translated by Robert L. Ramseyer)
- Linner, Rachelle Linner. "The Symbolic American: Barbara Reynolds," in City of Silence: Listening to Hiroshima. Maryknoll, New York: Orbis Books, 1995.
- Mehren, "Winners of Wonder Woman Awards: Profiles in Courage." Los Angeles Times, Nov. 15, 1984.
- Parrish, Beth. "Barbara Reynolds: Friend of the Hibakusha," in Lives That Speak: Stories of Twentieth-Century Quakers. Quaker Press of Friends General Conference, 2004
- Sherman, Kris. "Longtime pacifist: Spotlight has dimmed, but Barbara Reynolds still working for peace in her own quiet way," Independent Press-Telegram (Long Beach, CA) Dec. 12, 1979
- Totten, Sam and Totten, Martha Wescoat. "Barbara Reynolds," in Facing the Danger: Interviews with Twenty Anti-Nuclear Activists. Trumansburg, New York: The Crossing Press, 1984.
By family
- Reynolds, Earle. "We Crossed the Pacific the Hard Way," Saturday Evening Post, May 7, 14 and 21, 1955.
- Reynolds, Jessica, Jessica's Journal. New York: Henry Holt & Co., 1958. Eleven-year old's diary account of sailing from Hawaii to New Zealand in the Phoenix.
- Reynolds, Earle, "The Forbidden Voyage," The Nation, 15 November 1958.
- Reynolds, Ted. "Voyage of Protest," Scribble, Winter, 1959.
- Reynolds, Earle, The Forbidden Voyage. New York: David McKay Company, Inc., 1961. Non-fiction. The Reynolds family's protest voyage against American nuclear testing in the Pacific and aftermath, 1958-1960.
- Reynolds, Jessica. To Russia with Love (Japanese translation). Tokyo: Chas. E. Tuttle Co., 1962. The Reynolds family's protest voyage against Soviet nuclear testing in the U.S.S.R.
- Shaver, Jessica Reynolds. "After the flood, a mission to 'rescue' Dad," (Long Beach, CA) Press-Telegram, Jan. 14, 1982.
- Shaver, Jessica Reynolds. "Healing Wounds and Playing Games," Moody Magazine, Feb. 1982.
- Shaver, Jessica Reynolds. "Let us spare children our nuclear fears," (Long Beach, CA) Press-Telegram, Dec. 1, 1983.
- Reynolds, Jessica Shaver (sic). "Amer-Asians: a call for compassion," Long Beach (CA) Press-Telegram, Oct. 21, 1984.
- Shaver, Jessica Reynolds. "IRS quietly moves on a white-haired woman of peace," Long Beach (CA) Press-Telegram, Aug. 13, 1986.
- Shaver, Jessica. "To the man who mugged my mother," The Orange County Register, Mar. 17, 1988.
- Shaver, Jessica Reynolds. "An Education I Wouldn't Trade," Home Education Magazine, May–June, 1991.
- Shaver, Jessica Reynolds (with Barbara Reynolds). "A Little Toad Shall Lead Them?" Quaker Life, June 1991.
- Shaver, Jessica. "Breaking the Bitterness Barrier," Friends Journal, August 1991.
- Shaver, Jessica Reynolds. "Hiroshima: August 6, 1990 in memory of my mother" (poem), Japan Times, May 2, 1995.
- Shaver, Jessica. "Growing up in Hiroshima," The Orange County Register, Aug. 6, 1995.
- Renshaw, Jessica Shaver, New Every Morning. Enumclaw, WA: Pleasant Word 2006.
- Reynolds, Jessica. To Russia with Love (English original): Wilmington, OH: Peace Resource Center, Wilmington College, due out in 2010.
Japanese
- Harada, Tomin, MD. Moments of Peace. Two Honorary Hiroshimans: Barbara Reynolds and Norman Cousins. Keiso-shobo Publishers, 1994.
- Kotani, Mizuhoko. Pilgrimage to Hiroshima. Chikuma-shobo Publishers, 1995.
- Harada, Tomin, MD. Haha-to-Kodemiru (A6): Hiroshima-ni-Ikite, Aru Geka i no Kaiso (Meditations of a Surgeon), (Publisher?),1999.
- Yamakawa, Takeshi. Kibo-o-Katari, Kibo-o-Manabu: Korekara-no Heiwa Kyoiku (Talking Hope, Learning Hope). Kai-sho-sha Publishers, 2005.
Peace Activism Centres
- World Friendship Center - founded August 6, 1965 (twenty years after the atomic bombing of Hiroshima)
- Peace Resource Center, Wilmington College, Wilmington, OH - founded by Barbara Reynolds in August 1975 to house the largest collection of materials related to the bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki outside of Japan
- Swarthmore College Peace Collection - Committee for Non-Violent Actions Records, 1958–1968
External links
- Earle L. ReynoldsEarle L. ReynoldsEarle L. Reynolds was an anthropologist, educator, author, Quaker, and peace activist. He was sent to Hiroshima by the Atomic Energy Commission in 1951 to study the effects of the first atomic bomb on the growth and development of exposed children...
- Phoenix of HiroshimaPhoenix of HiroshimaThe Phoenix of Hiroshima was a 50-foot, 30-ton yacht that circumnavigated the globe and was later involved in several famous protest voyages.-Construction and launch:...
- Peace Monuments, Japan