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An aroma compound, also known as odorant, aroma, fragrance or flavor
Flavor

Flavor or flavour is the sensory impression of a food or other chemical substance, and is determined mainly by the chemical senses of taste and olfaction....
, is a chemical compound
Chemical compound

A chemical compound is a Chemical substance consisting of two or more different chemical element Chemical bond together in a fixed mass ratio that can be split into simpler substances....
 that has a smell or odor
Odor

An odor or odour is a volatilized chemical compound, generally at a very low concentration, that humans or other animals perceive by the sense of olfaction....
. A chemical compound has a smell or odor
Odor

An odor or odour is a volatilized chemical compound, generally at a very low concentration, that humans or other animals perceive by the sense of olfaction....
 when two conditions are met: the compound needs to be volatile, so it can be transported to the olfactory system
Olfactory system

The olfactory system is the sensory system used for olfaction, or the sense of smell. Most mammals and reptiles have two distinct parts to their olfactory system: a main olfactory system and an accessory olfactory system....
 in the upper part of the nose, and it needs to be in a sufficiently high concentration to be able to interact with one or more of the olfactory receptors.

Aroma compounds can be found in food
Food

Food is any substance, usually composed of carbohydrates, fats, proteins and water, that can be Eating or Drinking by an animal or human for nutrition or pleasure....
, wine
Wine

Wine is an alcoholic beverage often made of fermentation grape juice. The natural chemical balance of grapes is such that they can ferment without the addition of sugars, acids, enzymes or other nutrients....
, spices, perfume
Perfume

Perfume is a mixture of fragrant essential oils and aroma compounds, fixatives, and solvents used to give the human body, animals, objects, and living spaces a pleasant smell....
s, fragrance oil
Fragrance oil

Fragrance oil, also known as aroma oils, aromatic oils, and flavor oils, are blended Chemical synthesis aroma compounds or natural essential oils that are diluted with a carrier like propylene glycol, vegetable oil, or mineral oil....
s, and essential oil
Essential oil

An essential oil is a concentrated, hydrophobic liquid containing volatile aroma compounds from plants. They are also known as volatile or ethereal oils, or simply as the "oil of" the plant material from which they were extracted, such as oil of clove....
s.






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Encyclopedia


An aroma compound, also known as odorant, aroma, fragrance or flavor
Flavor

Flavor or flavour is the sensory impression of a food or other chemical substance, and is determined mainly by the chemical senses of taste and olfaction....
, is a chemical compound
Chemical compound

A chemical compound is a Chemical substance consisting of two or more different chemical element Chemical bond together in a fixed mass ratio that can be split into simpler substances....
 that has a smell or odor
Odor

An odor or odour is a volatilized chemical compound, generally at a very low concentration, that humans or other animals perceive by the sense of olfaction....
. A chemical compound has a smell or odor
Odor

An odor or odour is a volatilized chemical compound, generally at a very low concentration, that humans or other animals perceive by the sense of olfaction....
 when two conditions are met: the compound needs to be volatile, so it can be transported to the olfactory system
Olfactory system

The olfactory system is the sensory system used for olfaction, or the sense of smell. Most mammals and reptiles have two distinct parts to their olfactory system: a main olfactory system and an accessory olfactory system....
 in the upper part of the nose, and it needs to be in a sufficiently high concentration to be able to interact with one or more of the olfactory receptors.

Aroma compounds can be found in food
Food

Food is any substance, usually composed of carbohydrates, fats, proteins and water, that can be Eating or Drinking by an animal or human for nutrition or pleasure....
, wine
Wine

Wine is an alcoholic beverage often made of fermentation grape juice. The natural chemical balance of grapes is such that they can ferment without the addition of sugars, acids, enzymes or other nutrients....
, spices, perfume
Perfume

Perfume is a mixture of fragrant essential oils and aroma compounds, fixatives, and solvents used to give the human body, animals, objects, and living spaces a pleasant smell....
s, fragrance oil
Fragrance oil

Fragrance oil, also known as aroma oils, aromatic oils, and flavor oils, are blended Chemical synthesis aroma compounds or natural essential oils that are diluted with a carrier like propylene glycol, vegetable oil, or mineral oil....
s, and essential oil
Essential oil

An essential oil is a concentrated, hydrophobic liquid containing volatile aroma compounds from plants. They are also known as volatile or ethereal oils, or simply as the "oil of" the plant material from which they were extracted, such as oil of clove....
s. For example, many form biochemically during ripening
Ripening

Ripening is a process in fruits that causes them to become more edible. In general, a fruit becomes sweetness, less green, and softer as it ripens....
 of fruit
Fruit

The term fruit has different meanings dependent on context, and the term is not synonymous in food preparation and biology. In botany, which is the scientific study of plants, fruits are the ripened Ovary of flowering plants....
s and other crops. In wines, most form as byproducts of fermentation
Fermentation (wine)

The process of Fermentation in wine is the catalyst function that turns grape juice into an alcoholic beverage. During fermentation yeast interact with sugars in the juice to create ethanol, commonly known as ethyl alcohol, and carbon dioxide ....
. Odorants can also be added to a dangerous odorless substance, like natural gas
Natural gas

Natural gas is a gas consisting primarily of methane. It is found associated with fossil fuels, in coal beds, as methane clathrates, and is created by methanogenic organisms in marshes, bogs, and landfills....
 or hydrogen
Hydrogen odorant

A hydrogen odorant in any form, is a minute amount of aroma compound such as ethyl isobutyrate, with a rotting-cabbage-like smell, that is added to the otherwise colorless and almost odorless hydrogen gas, so that leaks can be detected before a fire or explosion occurs....
, as a warning. As well many of the aroma compounds plays a significant role in the production of flavor
Flavor

Flavor or flavour is the sensory impression of a food or other chemical substance, and is determined mainly by the chemical senses of taste and olfaction....
ants, which are used in the food service industry to flavor, improve and increase the appeal of their products.

Aroma compounds classified by functional group


Alcohols


  • Benzyl alcohol
    Benzyl alcohol

    Benzyl alcohol is an organic compound with the formula C6H5CH2OH. The benzyl group is often abbreviated "Bn", thus benzyl alcohol is denoted as BnOH....
     (oxidises to benzaldehyde
    Benzaldehyde

    Benzaldehyde is a chemical compound consisting of a benzene ring with an aldehyde substituent. It is the simplest representative of the aromatic aldehydes and one of the most industrially used members of this family of compounds....
    , almond
    Almond

    The Almond is a species of tree of the genus Prunus, belonging to the subfamily Prunoideae of the family Rosaceae and native to the Middle East....
    )
  • Ethyl maltol
    Ethyl maltol

    Ethyl maltol, 2-ethyl-3-hydroxy-4-pyrone, 2-ethyl pyromeconic acid, or C7H8O3 is an analog of maltol, where the methyl group on maltol is substituted with an ethyl group....
     (sugary, cooked fruit)
  • Furaneol
    Furaneol

    Furaneol, or strawberry furanone, is a natural organic compound used in the flavor and perfume industry because of its sweet strawberry aroma....
     (strawberry
    Strawberry

    Fragaria is the name of a genus of flowering plants in the rose family, Rosaceae, commonly known as strawberries for their edible fruits....
    )
  • 1-Hexanol
    1-Hexanol

    1-Hexanol is an organic alcohol with a six carbon chain and a condensed structural formula of CH35OH. This colorless liquid is slightly soluble in water, but miscible with diethyl ether and ethanol....
     (herbaceous
    Herbaceous

    A herbaceous plant is a plant that has leaf and stem that die down at the end of the growing season to the soil level. A herbaceous plant may be Annual plant, Biennial plant or Perennial plant....
    , woody
    Woody

    Woody may mean:* a name in its own right - Woody* a short form of Woodrow *an adjective for wood*the code name for version 3.0 of the Debian Linux distribution...
    )
  • cis-3-Hexen-1-ol
    Cis-3-Hexen-1-ol

    cis-3-Hexen-1-ol, also known as -3-hexen-1-ol and leaf alcohol, is a colorless oily liquid with an intense grassy-green odor of freshly cut green grass and Leaf....
     (fresh cut grass
    Grass

    Grass is the common word that generally describes monocotyledonous green plants. The family Poaceae are the "true grasses" and include most plants grown as grains, for pasture, and for lawns ....
    )
  • Menthol
    Menthol

    Menthol is an organic compound #Production or obtained from peppermint or other Mentha oils. It is a waxy, crystalline substance, clear or white in color, which is solid at room temperature and melts slightly above....
     (peppermint
    Peppermint

    Peppermint is a Hybrid Mentha, a cross between the watermint and spearmint . The plant, indigenous to Europe, is now widespread in cultivation throughout all regions of the world....
    )


Aldehydes


  • Acetaldehyde
    Acetaldehyde

    Acetaldehyde is an organic compound with the chemical formula CarbonHydrogen3CHOxygen or MeCHO. It is a flammable liquid with a fruity smell....
     (pungent)
  • Benzaldehyde
    Benzaldehyde

    Benzaldehyde is a chemical compound consisting of a benzene ring with an aldehyde substituent. It is the simplest representative of the aromatic aldehydes and one of the most industrially used members of this family of compounds....
     (marzipan
    Marzipan

    Marzipan is a confectionery consisting primarily of sugar and almond meal.It derives its characteristic flavor from bitter almonds, which constitute 4% to 6% of the total almond content by weight....
    , almond
    Almond

    The Almond is a species of tree of the genus Prunus, belonging to the subfamily Prunoideae of the family Rosaceae and native to the Middle East....
    )
  • Hexanal
    Hexanal

    Hexanal, or hexanaldehyde, is an alkyl aldehyde used in the flavor industry to produce fruity flavors.References...
     (green, grassy)
  • Cinnamaldehyde
    Cinnamaldehyde

    Cinnamic aldehyde or cinnamaldehyde is the chemical compound that gives cinnamon its flavor and odor.Cinnamaldehyde occurs naturally in the bark of cinnamon trees and other species of the genus Cinnamomum like camphor and cassia....
     (cinnamon
    Cinnamon

    Cinnamon is a small evergreen tree 10?15 metres tall, belonging to the family Lauraceae, and is native to Sri Lanka.The leaf are ovate-oblong in shape, 7?18 cm long....
    )
  • Citral
    Citral

    Citral, or 3,7-dimethyl-2,6-octadienal or lemonal, is either of a pair of terpenoids with the molecular formula Carbon10Hydrogen16Oxygen....
     (lemongrass, lemon
    Lemon

    The lemon is the common name for Citrus limon. The reproductive tissue surrounds the seed of the angiosperm lemon tree. The lemon is used for culinary and nonculinary purposes throughout the world....
     oil)
  • cis-3-Hexenal
    Cis-3-Hexenal

    cis-3-Hexenal, also known as -3-hexenal and leaf aldehyde, is colorless liquid and an aroma compound with an intense grassy-green odor of freshly cut green grass and Leaf....
     (green tomatoes)
  • Furfural
    Furfural

    The chemical compound furfural is an industrial chemical derived from a variety of agriculture byproducts, including maize, oat and wheat bran, and sawdust....
     (burnt oats)
  • Neral
    Citral

    Citral, or 3,7-dimethyl-2,6-octadienal or lemonal, is either of a pair of terpenoids with the molecular formula Carbon10Hydrogen16Oxygen....
     (citrus, lemongrass)
  • Vanillin
    Vanillin

    Vanillin, methyl vanillin, or 4-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzaldehyde, is an organic compound with the molecular formula C8H8O3....
     (vanilla
    Vanilla

    Vanilla is a flavoring derived from orchids of the genus Vanilla native to Mexico. Etymologically, vanilla derives from the Spanish language word "", little pod....
    )


Amines


  • Cadaverine
    Cadaverine

    Cadaverine is a foul-smelling molecule produced by protein hydrolysis during putrefaction of animal tissue. Cadaverine is a toxic diamine with the formula NH25NH2, which is similar to putrescine....
     (rotting flesh)
  • Indole
    Indole

    Indole is an aromatic Heterocyclic compound organic compound. It has a bicyclic structure, consisting of a six-membered benzene ring fused to a five-membered nitrogen-containing pyrrole ring....
     (jasmine
    Jasmine

    Jasmine is a genus of shrubs and vines in the olive family ,with about 200 species, native to tropical and warm temperate regions of the Old World....
     flowery, feces
    Feces

    Feces, faeces, or f?ces is a waste product from an animal's gastrointestinal tract expelled through the anus during defecation....
    )
  • Putrescine
    Putrescine

    Putrescine is an organic chemical compound NitrogenHydrogen24NH2 . It is related to cadaverine; both are produced by the breakdown of amino acids in living and dead organisms and both are toxic in large doses....
     (rotting flesh)
  • Pyridine
    Pyridine

    Pyridine is a simple and important heterocyclic aromatic organic compound with the formula CarbonHydrogenNitrogen. This colorless liquid with a distinctive fish-like odor is structurally related to benzene, wherein one CH group in the six-membered ring is replaced by a nitrogen atom....
     (very unpleasant)
  • Skatole
    Skatole

    Skatole or 3-methylindole is a mildly toxic white crystalline organic compound belonging to the indole family. It occurs naturally in feces , beets, and coal tar, and has a strong fecal odor....
     (bad breath, feces)
  • Substituted pyrazine
    Pyrazine

    Pyrazine is a heterocyclic aromatic organic compound.Pyrazine is a symmetrical molecule with point group D2h. It is found in folic acid in the form of pterin....
    s: 2-ethoxy-3-isopropylpyrazine, 2-methoxy-3-sec-butylpyrazine, 2-methoxy-3-methylpyrazine (toasted seeds of fenugreek
    Fenugreek

    Fenugreek is a plant in the family Fabaceae. Fenugreek is used both as an herb and as a spice . It is cultivated worldwide as a semi-arid crop....
    , cumin
    Cumin

    Cumin is a flowering plant in the family Apiaceae, native from the east Mediterranean to East India....
    , and coriander
    Coriander

    Coriander is an annual plant herb in the family Apiaceae. It is also known as cilantro, particularly in the USA. Coriander is native to southwestern Asia west to north Africa....
    )
    • Alkylpyrazine
      Alkylpyrazine

      Alkylpyrazines are chemical compounds based on pyrazine with different substitution patterns. Some alkylpyrazines are naturally occurring highly aromatic substances which often have a very low odor threshold and contribute to the taste and aroma of various foods including coffee and wines....
      s
    • Methoxypyrazines
      Methoxypyrazines

      Methoxypyrazines are a class of chemical compounds that produce odors. The odors may be desirable, as in the case of certain wines, or undesirable, as in the case of the Asian Lady Beetle which produces isopropyl methoxy pyrazine ....
  • Trimethylamine
    Trimethylamine

    Trimethylamine is an organic compound with the formula N3. This colorless, hygroscopic, and flammable tertiary amine has a strong "fishy" odor in low concentrations and an ammonia-like odor at higher concentrations....
     (fish
    Fish

    A fish is any marine biology vertebrate animal that is typically ectothermic , covered with scale , and equipped with two sets of paired fins and several unpaired fins....
    )


Esters


  • Ethyl acetate
    Ethyl acetate

    Ethyl acetate is the organic compound with the formula CH3COOCH2CH3. This colorless liquid has a characteristic sweet smell like certain glues or nail polish removers, in which it is used....
     (fruity, solvent
    Solvent

    A solvent is a liquid or gas that dissolves a solid, liquid, or gaseous solute, resulting in a solution.The most common solvent in everyday life is water....
    )
  • Ethyl butanoate (fruity) - also known as ethyl butyrate
  • Ethyl decanoate - also known as ethyl caprate
  • Ethyl hexanoate - also known as ethyl caproate
  • Ethyl octanoate - also known as ethyl caprylate
  • Fructone
    Fructone

    Fructone, also known as apple ketal and applinal, is a chemical synthesis aroma compound with a fruity, apple-like smell with pineapple, strawberry, and woody aspects reminding of sweet pine....
     (fruity, apple-like)
  • Hexyl acetate (apple
    APPLE

    This article is about the satellite APPLE. For the fruit apple, see Apple. For other uses see Apple .The Ariane Passenger PayLoad Experiment , was an experimental communication satellite with a C-Band transponder launched by Indian Space Research Organisation satellite on June 19, 1981 by Ariane 1, a launch vehicle of the European Spac...
    , floral, fruity)
  • Isoamyl acetate
    Isoamyl acetate

    Isoamyl acetate, also known as isopentyl acetate, is an organic compound that is the ester formed from isoamyl alcohol and acetic acid. It is a clear colorless liquid that is only slightly soluble in water, but very soluble in most organic solvents....
     (banana
    Banana

    File:Banana and cross section.jpgBanana is the common name for a fruit and also the herbaceous plants of the genus Musa which produce this commonly eaten fruit....
    )
  • Methyl butanoate (apple
    APPLE

    This article is about the satellite APPLE. For the fruit apple, see Apple. For other uses see Apple .The Ariane Passenger PayLoad Experiment , was an experimental communication satellite with a C-Band transponder launched by Indian Space Research Organisation satellite on June 19, 1981 by Ariane 1, a launch vehicle of the European Spac...
    , fruity) - also known as methyl butyrate
  • Methyl salicylate
    Methyl salicylate

    Methyl salicylate is a natural product of many species of plants. Some of the plants producing it are called wintergreens, hence the common name....
     (oil of wintergreen
    Wintergreen

    Wintergreen is a group of plants. Wintergreen once commonly referred to plants that continue photosynthesis throughout the winter. The term evergreen is now more commonly used for this characteristic....
    )
  • Octyl acetate
    Octyl acetate

    Octyl acetate, or octyl ethanoate, is an ester that is formed from octanol and acetic acid. It is the basis for artificial orange flavoring....
     (orange
    Orange (fruit)

    An orange?specifically, the sweet orange?is the citrus Citrus sinensis and its fruit. The orange is a Hybrid of ancient cultivated origin, possibly between pomelo and tangerine ....
    )
  • Pentyl butanoate (pear
    Pear

    The pear is an edible pome fruit produced by a tree of genus Pyrus . The pear is classified within Maloideae, a subfamily within Rosaceae. The apple , which it resembles in floral structure, is also a member of this subfamily....
    , apricot
    Apricot

    The Apricot is a species of Prunus, classified with the plum in the subgenus Prunus. The native range is somewhat uncertain due to its extensive prehistoric cultivation, but most likely in northern and western China and Central Asia, possibly also Korea and Japan....
    )
  • Pentyl pentanoate
    Pentyl pentanoate

    Pentyl pentanoate is an ester used in dilute solution to replicate the scent or flavour of apple, and sometimes pineapple. It is referred to as pentyl valerate or amyl pentanoate using classical nomenclature....
     (apple
    APPLE

    This article is about the satellite APPLE. For the fruit apple, see Apple. For other uses see Apple .The Ariane Passenger PayLoad Experiment , was an experimental communication satellite with a C-Band transponder launched by Indian Space Research Organisation satellite on June 19, 1981 by Ariane 1, a launch vehicle of the European Spac...
    , pineapple
    Pineapple

    Pineapple is the common name for an edible tropical plant and also its fruit. It is native to the southern part of Brazil, and Paraguay. This herbaceous plant perennial plant grows to tall with 30 or more trough-shaped and pointed leaves long, surrounding a thick plant stem....
    )
  • Sotolon
    Sotolon

    Sotolon is a lactone and an extremely powerful aroma compound, with the typical smell of fenugreek or curry at high concentrations and maple syrup, caramel, or burnt sugar at lower concentrations....
     (maple syrup
    Maple syrup

    Maple syrup is a sweetener made from the sap of maple trees. In Canada and the United States it is most often eaten with waffles and pancakes. It is sometimes used as an ingredient in baking, the making of candy, preparing desserts, or as a sugar source and flavoring agent in making beer....
    , curry
    Curry

    Curry is the English language description of any of a general variety of spiced dishes, best known in Asian cuisines, especially South Asian cuisine....
    , fenugreek
    Fenugreek

    Fenugreek is a plant in the family Fabaceae. Fenugreek is used both as an herb and as a spice . It is cultivated worldwide as a semi-arid crop....
    )
  • Strawberry aldehyde (strawberry
    Strawberry

    Fragaria is the name of a genus of flowering plants in the rose family, Rosaceae, commonly known as strawberries for their edible fruits....
    )


Ethers


  • Anethole
    Anethole

    Anethole is an aromatic compound that occurs widely in nature, in essential oils. It contributes a large component of the distinctive flavors of anise and fennel , Syzygium anisatum , licorice , and star anise ....
     (liquorice
    Liquorice

    Liquorice or licorice is the root of Glycyrrhiza glabra , from which a sweet flavour can be extracted. The liquorice plant is a legume , related to Anise, Star Anise and Fennel and native to southern Europe and parts of Asia....
    , anise
    Anise

    is a flowering plant in the family Apiaceae native to the eastern Mediterranean region and southwest Asia known for its flavor that resembles licorice, fennel, and tarragon....
     seed, ouzo
    Ouzo

    Ouzo is an anise-flavored distilled beverage that is widely consumed in Greece. It is similar to pastis , Sambuca , Mastika , Raki , Salmiakki Koskenkorva or Arak ....
    , fennel
    Fennel

    Fennel is a plant species in the genus Foeniculum . It is a member of the family Apiaceae . It is a hardy, perennial plant, umbelliferous herb, with yellow flowers and feathery leaf....
    )
  • Anisole
    Anisole

    Anisole, also known as methoxybenzene, is a colorless liquid with a odor similar to that of anise seed, and can be quite nauseating....
     (anise
    Anise

    is a flowering plant in the family Apiaceae native to the eastern Mediterranean region and southwest Asia known for its flavor that resembles licorice, fennel, and tarragon....
     seed)
  • Eugenol
    Eugenol

    Eugenol , is an allyl chain-substituted guaiacol. Eugenol is a member of the phenylpropanoids class of chemical compounds. It is a clear to pale yellow oily liquid extracted from certain essential oils especially from clove oil, nutmeg, cinnamon, and bay leaf....
     (clove oil)
  • 2,4,6-Trichloroanisole (cork taint
    Cork taint

    Cork taint is a broad term referring to a set of undesirable smells or tastes found in a bottle of wine, especially spoilage that can only be detected after bottling, aging of wine and opening....
    )


Ketones

  • Dihydrojasmone (fruity woody floral)
  • Oct-1-en-3-one
    Oct-1-en-3-one

    Oct-1-en-3-one , also known as 1-octen-3-one, is the aroma compound that is responsible for the typical metallic smell of metals and blood coming into contact with skin....
     (blood, metallic, mushroom-like)
  • 2-Acetyl-1-pyrroline
    2-Acetyl-1-pyrroline

    2-Acetyl-1-pyrroline, abbreviated 2AP, with the IUPAC name 1-ethanone, is an aroma compound and flavor that gives white bread, jasmine rice and basmati rice, the spice pandan , and bread flowers their typical smell...
     (fresh bread, jasmine rice)
  • 6-Acetyl-2,3,4,5-tetrahydropyridine
    6-Acetyl-2,3,4,5-tetrahydropyridine

    6-Acetyl-2,3,4,5-tetrahydropyridine, with the IUPAC name 1-ethanone, is an aroma compound and flavor that gives bakings such as white bread, pop corn, or tortillas their typical smell, together with its structural homolog 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline....
     (fresh bread, tortillas, pop corn)


Lactones

  • gamma-Decalactone intense peach flavor
  • gamma-Nonalactone coconut odor, popular in suntan lotions
  • delta-Octalactone creamy note
  • Jasmine lactone powerful fatty fruity peach and apricot
  • Massoia lactone powerful creamy coconut
  • Wine lactone
    Wine lactone

    Wine lactone is a pleasant smelling compound found naturally in apples, orange juice, grapefruit juice, orange essential oil, clementine peel oil and various grape wines....
     sweet coconut odor


Terpenes


  • Camphor
    Camphor

    Camphor is a waxy, white or transparent solid with a strong, aromatic odor. It is a terpenoid with the chemical formula carbon10hydrogen16oxygen....
     (Cinnamomum camphora)
  • Citronellol
    Citronellol

    Citronellol, or dihydrogeraniol, is a natural acyclic terpenoid. Both enantiomers occur in nature. -Citronellol, which is found citronella oils, including Cymbopogon , is the more common isomer....
     (rose
    Rose

    A rose is a perennial plant flower shrub or vine of the genus Rosa, within the family Rosaceae, that contains over 100 species and comes in a variety of colors....
    )
  • Limonene
    Limonene

    Limonene is a hydrocarbon, classified as a cyclic terpene. It is a colourless liquid at room temperatures with an extremely strong smell of Orange ....
     (orange
    Orange (fruit)

    An orange?specifically, the sweet orange?is the citrus Citrus sinensis and its fruit. The orange is a Hybrid of ancient cultivated origin, possibly between pomelo and tangerine ....
    )
  • Linalool
    Linalool

    Linalool is a naturally-occurring terpene alcohol chemical found in many flowers and spice plants with many commercial applications, the majority of which are based on its pleasant scent ....
     (floral, citrus
    Citrus

    Citrus is a common term and genus of flowering plants in the family Rutaceae, originating in tropical and subtropical southeast regions of the world....
    , coriander
    Coriander

    Coriander is an annual plant herb in the family Apiaceae. It is also known as cilantro, particularly in the USA. Coriander is native to southwestern Asia west to north Africa....
    )
  • Nerol
    Nerol

    Nerol is a natural terpene found in many essential oils such as lemongrass. It was originally isolated from neroli oil, hence its name. It is a liquid with the aroma of sweet rose and is therefore used in perfumery....
     (sweet rose
    Rose

    A rose is a perennial plant flower shrub or vine of the genus Rosa, within the family Rosaceae, that contains over 100 species and comes in a variety of colors....
    )
  • Nerolidol
    Nerolidol

    Nerolidol, also known as peruviol, is a naturally occurring terpene found in the essential oils of many types of plants and flowers. There are two isomers of nerolidol, cis and trans, which differ in the geometry about the central double bond....
     (wood
    Wood

    Wood is an organic material; in the strict sense wood is produced as secondary xylem in the stems of woody plants, notably trees but also shrubs, etc....
    , fresh bark
    BARK

    BARK was an early Electromechanics. BARK was built using standard phone relays, implementing a 32-bit binary machine and could perform addition in 150 ms and multiplication in 250 ms....
    )
  • alpha-Terpineol (lilac
    Lilac

    Syringa is a genus of about 20?25 species of flowering plants in the olive family , native to Europe and Asia.They are deciduous shrubs or small trees, ranging in size from 2?10 m tall, with stems up to 20?30 cm diameter....
    )
  • Thujone
    Thujone

    Thujone is a ketone and a terpene that exists in two stereoisomerism forms: -3-thujone or a-thujone and -3-thujone or ?-thujone. It has a menthol odor....
     (juniper
    Juniper

    Junipers are coniferous plants in the genus Juniperus of the cypress family Cupressaceae. Depending on taxonomic viewpoint, there are between 50-67 species of juniper, widely distributed throughout the northern hemisphere, from the Arctic, south to tropical Africa in the Old World, and to the mountains of Central America....
    , common sage
    Common sage

    Salvia officinalis is a small perennial evergreen subshrub, with woody stems, grayish leaves, and blue to purplish flowers. It is native to the Mediterranean region and commonly grown as a kitchen and medicinal herb or as an ornamental garden plant....
    , Nootka cypress, and wormwood
    Artemisia (plant)

    Artemisia is a large, diverse genus of plants with between 200 to 400 species belonging to the daisy family Asteraceae. It comprises hardy herbs and shrubs known for their volatile oils....
    )
  • Thymol
    Thymol

    Thymol also known as isopropylmethylphenol, is a monoterpene phenols derivative of cymene, C10H14OH, isomeric with carvacrol, found in oil of thyme, and Liquid-liquid extraction as a white crystalline substance of a pleasant aromatic odor and strong antiseptic properties....
     (Thyme
    Thyme

    Thyme is a well known herb; in common usage the name may refer to* any or all members of the plant genus Thymus ,* common thyme, Thymus vulgaris, and some other species that are used as culinary herbs or for medicinal purposes....
    -like)


Thiols


  • Ethanethiol
    Ethanethiol

    Ethanethiol is the organic compound with the formula CH3CH2SH. It consists of an ethyl group, CH3CH2, attached to a thiol group, SH....
    , formerly called Ethyl mercaptan (Durian
    Durian

    The durian is the fruit of trees from the genus Durio belonging to the Malvaceae Family . Widely known and revered in Southeast Asia as the "King of Fruits", the fruit is distinctive for its large size, unique odor, and formidable Spine -covered husk....
     or leek
    Leek

    The leek, Allium ampeloprasum var. porrum , also sometimes known as Allium porrum, is a vegetable which belongs, along with the onion and garlic, to the Alliaceae family....
    , added to natural gas
    Natural gas

    Natural gas is a gas consisting primarily of methane. It is found associated with fossil fuels, in coal beds, as methane clathrates, and is created by methanogenic organisms in marshes, bogs, and landfills....
    )
  • Grapefruit mercaptan
    Grapefruit mercaptan

    Grapefruit mercaptan is the common name for a natural organic compound found in grapefruit. It is a terpene that contains a thiol functional group....
     (grapefruit)
  • Methanethiol
    Methanethiol

    Methanethiol is a colorless gas with a smell like rotten cabbage. It is a natural substance found in the blood, brain, and other animal as well as plant tissues....
    , formerly called Methyl mercaptan (added to natural gas
    Natural gas

    Natural gas is a gas consisting primarily of methane. It is found associated with fossil fuels, in coal beds, as methane clathrates, and is created by methanogenic organisms in marshes, bogs, and landfills....
    )


Miscellaneous compounds


  • Methylphosphine and dimethylphosphine (garlic-metallic, two of the most potent odorants known)


  • Nerolin (orange flowers
    Orange (fruit)

    An orange?specifically, the sweet orange?is the citrus Citrus sinensis and its fruit. The orange is a Hybrid of ancient cultivated origin, possibly between pomelo and tangerine ....
    )
  • Tetrahydrothiophene
    Tetrahydrothiophene

    Tetrahydrothiophene is a heterocyclic organic compound consisting of a five-membered ring containing four carbon atoms and a sulfur atom. It is the saturation analog of thiophene....
     (added to natural gas
    Natural gas

    Natural gas is a gas consisting primarily of methane. It is found associated with fossil fuels, in coal beds, as methane clathrates, and is created by methanogenic organisms in marshes, bogs, and landfills....
    )


Aroma compound receptors


Animals which are capable of smell
Olfaction

Olfaction refers to the sense of smell. This sense is mediated by specialized sensory cells of the nasal cavity of vertebrates, and, by analogy, sensory cells of the antennae of invertebrates....
 detect aroma compounds with olfactory receptor
Olfactory receptor

Olfactory receptors expressed in the cell membranes of olfactory receptor neurons are responsible for the detection of odor molecules. Activated olfactory receptors are the initial player in a signal transduction cascade which ultimately produces a nerve impulse which is transmitted to the brain....
s. Olfactory receptors are cell membrane receptors on the surface of sensory neurons in the olfactory system
Olfactory system

The olfactory system is the sensory system used for olfaction, or the sense of smell. Most mammals and reptiles have two distinct parts to their olfactory system: a main olfactory system and an accessory olfactory system....
 which detect air-borne aroma compounds.

In mammal
Mammal

Mammals are a class of vertebrate animals whose name is derived from their distinctive feature, mammary glands, with which they feed their young....
s, olfactory receptors are expressed on the surface of the olfactory epithelium in the nasal cavity
Nasal cavity

The nasal cavity is a large air-filled space above and behind the nose in the middle of the face....
.

See also


  • Odor
    Odor

    An odor or odour is a volatilized chemical compound, generally at a very low concentration, that humans or other animals perceive by the sense of olfaction....
  • Olfaction
    Olfaction

    Olfaction refers to the sense of smell. This sense is mediated by specialized sensory cells of the nasal cavity of vertebrates, and, by analogy, sensory cells of the antennae of invertebrates....
  • Olfactory system
    Olfactory system

    The olfactory system is the sensory system used for olfaction, or the sense of smell. Most mammals and reptiles have two distinct parts to their olfactory system: a main olfactory system and an accessory olfactory system....
  • Olfactory receptor
    Olfactory receptor

    Olfactory receptors expressed in the cell membranes of olfactory receptor neurons are responsible for the detection of odor molecules. Activated olfactory receptors are the initial player in a signal transduction cascade which ultimately produces a nerve impulse which is transmitted to the brain....
  • Pheromone
    Pheromone

    A pheromone is a chemical that triggers a natural behavioral response in another member of the opposite gender of the same species. There are alarm signal pheromones, food trail pheromones, sex pheromones, and many others that affect behavior or physiology....
  • Odor detection threshold
    Odor detection threshold

    The odor detection threshold is the lowest concentration of a certain odor compound that is perceivable by the human sense of olfaction. The thresholds of a chemical compound is determined in part by its shape, polarity, partial charges and molecular weight....
  • Aroma of wine
    Aroma of wine

    It is through the aromas of wine that wine is actually wine tasting. The human tongue is limited to the primary tastes perceived by taste receptors on the tongue-acidity, bitterness, saltiness, sweetness and umami....


External links


  • , commercial odorant information resource.
  • , commercial odorant information resource.
  • , commercial odorant/flavour information resource.