Abdullahi Bayero dan Muhammad Abbas
Encyclopedia
Abdullahi Bayero dan Muhammad Abbas (1881–1953) was Sarki (Emir) of Kano
, with headquarters in Kano
, Kano State
, Nigeria
from 1926 to 1953.
As a traditional ruler
he had extensive powers under the British colonial authority.
(1881). He had his early Islamic education at the Sarki’s palace and he was guided by the prominent Islamic Scholars of his time. While he was the Chiroma of Kano
and District Head of Bichi he became very closely associated with the prominent Ulama
of his time.
When the British colonial administrators decided to introduce the new district administrative structure Abdullahi Bayero who was then Chiroma was appointed the Head of the Home Districts with Headquarters at Dawakin Kudu and later Panisau in 1914. He was appointed Sarki Kano in April 1926 and was formally installed on 14 February 1927 (Fika 1978: 227). He was the most experienced contender for the Emirship he had also proved to everyone that he was honest, efficient, dedicated and upright.
he appointed his brothers Abdulkadir and Muhammad Inuwa as Galadima and Turaki respectively in 1927. He reduced the influence of the Cucanawa and also freed all other royal slaves, which was in line with the British anti slavery policy. He also delegated some of his executive responsibilities to his councilors (Fika 1978: 226).
(1929), the first of its kind in Nigeria
with Shaikh Sulaiman, his long term colleague, who initiated the idea as its first headmaster. The Kano Law School which later became the School for Arabic Studies grew from the Shahuchi Judicial School through the efforts of Waziri Gidado (Yahya 1986) who was then the Chief Islamic and Legal Adviser of the Sarki. He was also encouraged to show respect to the Shariffs by Shaikh Sulaiman (Paden 1973) his initiator into the Tijaniyya (a mystic brotherhood founded by Shaikh Ahmad Tijani of Algeria
).
Sarki Kano Abdullahi Bayero was the first Sarki to perform the Hajj
hence he is popularly known as Sarki Alhaji. He was accompanied in this journey by his younger brother Galadima Abdulkadir and Ma’aji Mallam Sulaiman who later became the first Walin Kano. It was during this Hajj
trip that they first met Shaikh Ibrahim Niass of Senegal
and they accepted him as their Shaykh. After the Hajj
, Sarki Abdullahi visited Egypt where he saw many magnificent mosques. When he returned he began the building of the new Kano
mosque, the first of its kind in northern Nigeria
and it is still one of the most beautiful mosques in the area.
Sarki Kano Bayero was committed to the commercial and industrial development of Kano
thus he encouraged genuine industrial undertakings for example the Gwamaja Textile Mills, which was the first modern textile in Nigeria
. He also encouraged indigenous individual entrepreneurs such as the highly successful Alhaji Alhassan Dantata. The social service sector was accorded the necessary attention by his Emirate Council.
advised the Emir that they were not Muslims and that they deserved death. He refused to accept the advice and stated that we must have done something wrong for this young men to challenge us.
Sarki Kano Alhaji Abdullahi Bayero never compromised his Islamic convictions despite his progressive ideas (Yahya 1986). He will be remembered in the history of Kano
as a sincere, honest, pious and patient Sarki. He was a man of great simplicity who used to sew his clothes and was very caring for his junior staff a good example was the case of Inuwa Wali in which the Sarki directed one of the ward heads against the wish of the courtiers to ensure that he was given a house and he was eventually given a house at Mandawari quarters where he lived for more than fifty years. He died on Thursday 13th Rabi al-Thani 1373 (23 December 1953).
Kano Emirate
The Kano Emirate is a traditional state in Northern Nigeria with headquarters in the city of Kano, capital of the modern Kano State.The Emirate was formed in 1805 during the Fulani jihad, when the old Hausa Kingdom of Kano became subject to the Sokoto Caliphate.During and after the colonial period...
, with headquarters in Kano
Kano
Kano is a city in Nigeria and the capital of Kano State in Northern Nigeria. Its metropolitan population is the second largest in Nigeria after Lagos. The Kano Urban area covers 137 sq.km and comprises six Local Government Area - Kano Municipal, Fagge, Dala, Gwale, Tarauni and Nassarawa - with a...
, Kano State
Kano State
Kano State is a state located in North-Western Nigeria. Created on May 27, 1967 from part of the Northern Region, Kano state borders Katsina State to the north-west, Jigawa State to the north-east, Bauchi State to the south-east and Kaduna State to the south-west...
, Nigeria
Nigeria
Nigeria , officially the Federal Republic of Nigeria, is a federal constitutional republic comprising 36 states and its Federal Capital Territory, Abuja. The country is located in West Africa and shares land borders with the Republic of Benin in the west, Chad and Cameroon in the east, and Niger in...
from 1926 to 1953.
As a traditional ruler
Nigerian traditional rulers
Nigerian traditional rulers often derive their titles from the rulers of independent states or communities that existed before the formation of modern Nigeria...
he had extensive powers under the British colonial authority.
Early years
Bayero was born in 1299 AHIslamic calendar
The Hijri calendar , also known as the Muslim calendar or Islamic calendar , is a lunar calendar consisting of 12 lunar months in a year of 354 or 355 days. It is used to date events in many Muslim countries , and used by Muslims everywhere to determine the proper day on which to celebrate Islamic...
(1881). He had his early Islamic education at the Sarki’s palace and he was guided by the prominent Islamic Scholars of his time. While he was the Chiroma of Kano
Kano
Kano is a city in Nigeria and the capital of Kano State in Northern Nigeria. Its metropolitan population is the second largest in Nigeria after Lagos. The Kano Urban area covers 137 sq.km and comprises six Local Government Area - Kano Municipal, Fagge, Dala, Gwale, Tarauni and Nassarawa - with a...
and District Head of Bichi he became very closely associated with the prominent Ulama
Ulama
-In Islam:* Ulema, also transliterated "ulama", a community of legal scholars of Islam and its laws . See:**Nahdlatul Ulama **Darul-uloom Nadwatul Ulama **Jamiatul Ulama Transvaal**Jamiat ul-Ulama -Other:...
of his time.
When the British colonial administrators decided to introduce the new district administrative structure Abdullahi Bayero who was then Chiroma was appointed the Head of the Home Districts with Headquarters at Dawakin Kudu and later Panisau in 1914. He was appointed Sarki Kano in April 1926 and was formally installed on 14 February 1927 (Fika 1978: 227). He was the most experienced contender for the Emirship he had also proved to everyone that he was honest, efficient, dedicated and upright.
Life carrier
Sarki Kano Abdullahi Bayero made several appointments during his long reign. Among those he appointed were his sons Muhammad Sanusi whom he appointed Ciroma and District Head of Bichi the position he held before his appointment as the Sarki and Aminu who was appointed Dan Iya and District Head of Dawakin Kudu. After the deposition of Muhammad son of Sarki Kano Shehu Usman from Turaki and District Head of UngogoUngogo
Ungogo is a Local Government Area in Kano State, Nigeria. Its headquarters are in the locality of Ungogo to the north of the city of Kano.It has an area of 204 km² and a population of 369,657 at the 2006 census.The postal code of the area is 700....
he appointed his brothers Abdulkadir and Muhammad Inuwa as Galadima and Turaki respectively in 1927. He reduced the influence of the Cucanawa and also freed all other royal slaves, which was in line with the British anti slavery policy. He also delegated some of his executive responsibilities to his councilors (Fika 1978: 226).
Islamic study contribution
Sarki Kano Abdullahi Bayero showed keen interest on Islamic Education and he contributed morally and materially towards its development as a result of this Kano had many prominent Islamic Scholars during his reign. Some of these scholars include Shehu Muhammad Salga and his students Abubakar Mijinyawa and Umar Falke. He established the Shahuchi Judicial School in 1348 AHIslamic calendar
The Hijri calendar , also known as the Muslim calendar or Islamic calendar , is a lunar calendar consisting of 12 lunar months in a year of 354 or 355 days. It is used to date events in many Muslim countries , and used by Muslims everywhere to determine the proper day on which to celebrate Islamic...
(1929), the first of its kind in Nigeria
Nigeria
Nigeria , officially the Federal Republic of Nigeria, is a federal constitutional republic comprising 36 states and its Federal Capital Territory, Abuja. The country is located in West Africa and shares land borders with the Republic of Benin in the west, Chad and Cameroon in the east, and Niger in...
with Shaikh Sulaiman, his long term colleague, who initiated the idea as its first headmaster. The Kano Law School which later became the School for Arabic Studies grew from the Shahuchi Judicial School through the efforts of Waziri Gidado (Yahya 1986) who was then the Chief Islamic and Legal Adviser of the Sarki. He was also encouraged to show respect to the Shariffs by Shaikh Sulaiman (Paden 1973) his initiator into the Tijaniyya (a mystic brotherhood founded by Shaikh Ahmad Tijani of Algeria
Algeria
Algeria , officially the People's Democratic Republic of Algeria , also formally referred to as the Democratic and Popular Republic of Algeria, is a country in the Maghreb region of Northwest Africa with Algiers as its capital.In terms of land area, it is the largest country in Africa and the Arab...
).
Sarki Kano Abdullahi Bayero was the first Sarki to perform the Hajj
Hajj
The Hajj is the pilgrimage to Mecca, Saudi Arabia. It is one of the largest pilgrimages in the world, and is the fifth pillar of Islam, a religious duty that must be carried out at least once in their lifetime by every able-bodied Muslim who can afford to do so...
hence he is popularly known as Sarki Alhaji. He was accompanied in this journey by his younger brother Galadima Abdulkadir and Ma’aji Mallam Sulaiman who later became the first Walin Kano. It was during this Hajj
Hajj
The Hajj is the pilgrimage to Mecca, Saudi Arabia. It is one of the largest pilgrimages in the world, and is the fifth pillar of Islam, a religious duty that must be carried out at least once in their lifetime by every able-bodied Muslim who can afford to do so...
trip that they first met Shaikh Ibrahim Niass of Senegal
Senegal
Senegal , officially the Republic of Senegal , is a country in western Africa. It owes its name to the Sénégal River that borders it to the east and north...
and they accepted him as their Shaykh. After the Hajj
Hajj
The Hajj is the pilgrimage to Mecca, Saudi Arabia. It is one of the largest pilgrimages in the world, and is the fifth pillar of Islam, a religious duty that must be carried out at least once in their lifetime by every able-bodied Muslim who can afford to do so...
, Sarki Abdullahi visited Egypt where he saw many magnificent mosques. When he returned he began the building of the new Kano
Kano
Kano is a city in Nigeria and the capital of Kano State in Northern Nigeria. Its metropolitan population is the second largest in Nigeria after Lagos. The Kano Urban area covers 137 sq.km and comprises six Local Government Area - Kano Municipal, Fagge, Dala, Gwale, Tarauni and Nassarawa - with a...
mosque, the first of its kind in northern Nigeria
Nigeria
Nigeria , officially the Federal Republic of Nigeria, is a federal constitutional republic comprising 36 states and its Federal Capital Territory, Abuja. The country is located in West Africa and shares land borders with the Republic of Benin in the west, Chad and Cameroon in the east, and Niger in...
and it is still one of the most beautiful mosques in the area.
Sarki Kano Bayero was committed to the commercial and industrial development of Kano
Kano
Kano is a city in Nigeria and the capital of Kano State in Northern Nigeria. Its metropolitan population is the second largest in Nigeria after Lagos. The Kano Urban area covers 137 sq.km and comprises six Local Government Area - Kano Municipal, Fagge, Dala, Gwale, Tarauni and Nassarawa - with a...
thus he encouraged genuine industrial undertakings for example the Gwamaja Textile Mills, which was the first modern textile in Nigeria
Nigeria
Nigeria , officially the Federal Republic of Nigeria, is a federal constitutional republic comprising 36 states and its Federal Capital Territory, Abuja. The country is located in West Africa and shares land borders with the Republic of Benin in the west, Chad and Cameroon in the east, and Niger in...
. He also encouraged indigenous individual entrepreneurs such as the highly successful Alhaji Alhassan Dantata. The social service sector was accorded the necessary attention by his Emirate Council.
Politics
Towards the end of his reign NEPU was formed by the following Kano politicians: Abba Maikwaru, Bello Ijumu, Babaliya Manaja, Musa Kaula, Abdulkadir Danjaji, Musa Bida, Magaji Dambatta and Mudi Spikin (Abba 2000: ix). It was a radical political party that questioned the colonial rule and the traditional establishment. But Sarkin Kano Abdullahi Bayero was very cautious. When the NEPU stalwarts were brought to his court for alleged sedition and the palace officials including UlamaUlama
-In Islam:* Ulema, also transliterated "ulama", a community of legal scholars of Islam and its laws . See:**Nahdlatul Ulama **Darul-uloom Nadwatul Ulama **Jamiatul Ulama Transvaal**Jamiat ul-Ulama -Other:...
advised the Emir that they were not Muslims and that they deserved death. He refused to accept the advice and stated that we must have done something wrong for this young men to challenge us.
Sarki Kano Alhaji Abdullahi Bayero never compromised his Islamic convictions despite his progressive ideas (Yahya 1986). He will be remembered in the history of Kano
Kano
Kano is a city in Nigeria and the capital of Kano State in Northern Nigeria. Its metropolitan population is the second largest in Nigeria after Lagos. The Kano Urban area covers 137 sq.km and comprises six Local Government Area - Kano Municipal, Fagge, Dala, Gwale, Tarauni and Nassarawa - with a...
as a sincere, honest, pious and patient Sarki. He was a man of great simplicity who used to sew his clothes and was very caring for his junior staff a good example was the case of Inuwa Wali in which the Sarki directed one of the ward heads against the wish of the courtiers to ensure that he was given a house and he was eventually given a house at Mandawari quarters where he lived for more than fifty years. He died on Thursday 13th Rabi al-Thani 1373 (23 December 1953).