that borders it to the east and north. Senegal is externally bounded by the Atlantic Ocean to the west, Mauritania
to the north, Mali
to the east, and Guinea
and Guinea-Bissau
to the south; internally it almost completely surrounds The Gambia
, namely on the north, east and south, exempting Gambia's short Atlantic Ocean coastline.
1857 Louis Faidherbe, French governor of Senegal, arrives to relieve French forces at Kayes, effectively ending El Hajj Umar Tall's war against the French.
1957 Senegalese political party Democratic Rally merges into the Senegalese Party of Socialist Action (PSAS).
1960 Senegal independence day.
1960 Independence of Mali and Senegal.
1960 Communist Party of Independence and Work is banned in Senegal.
1960 Senegal breaks from the Mali federation, declaring its independence.
1960 The Sudanese Republic is renamed Mali after the withdrawal of Senegal from the Mali Federation.
1960 Mali and Senegal join the United Nations.
1974 Senegalese marxist group ''Reenu-Rew'' founds the political movement And-Jëf at a clandestine congress.
1976 The Senegalese political party ''PAI-Rénovation'' is legally recognized. PAI-Rénovation thus becomes the third legal party in the country.