ATC code N01
Encyclopedia
N01AB Halogenated hydrocarbonHydrocarbonIn organic chemistry, a hydrocarbon is an organic compound consisting entirely of hydrogen and carbon. Hydrocarbons from which one hydrogen atom has been removed are functional groups, called hydrocarbyls....
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- N01AB01 HalothaneHalothaneHalothane is an inhalational general anesthetic. Its IUPAC name is 2-bromo-2-chloro-1,1,1-trifluoroethane. It is the only inhalational anesthetic agent containing a bromine atom; there are several other halogenated anesthesia agents which lack the bromine atom and do contain the fluorine and...
- N01AB02 ChloroformChloroformChloroform is an organic compound with formula CHCl3. It is one of the four chloromethanes. The colorless, sweet-smelling, dense liquid is a trihalomethane, and is considered somewhat hazardous...
- N01AB03 MethoxyfluraneMethoxyfluraneMethoxyflurane is a halogenated ether that was in clinical use as an volatile inhalational anesthetic from its introduction by Joseph F. Artusio et al in 1960 until around 1974. It was first synthesized in the late 1940s by William T...
- N01AB04 EnfluraneEnfluraneEnflurane is a halogenated ether that was commonly used for inhalational anesthesia during the 1970s and 1980s. Developed by Ross Terrell in 1963, it was first used clinically in 1966....
- N01AB05 TrichloroethyleneTrichloroethyleneThe chemical compound trichloroethylene is a chlorinated hydrocarbon commonly used as an industrial solvent. It is a clear non-flammable liquid with a sweet smell. It should not be confused with the similar 1,1,1-trichloroethane, which is commonly known as chlorothene.The IUPAC name is...
- N01AB06 IsofluraneIsofluraneIsoflurane is a halogenated ether used for inhalational anesthesia. Together with enflurane and halothane, it replaced the flammable ethers used in the pioneer days of surgery. Its name comes from being a structural isomer of enflurane, hence they have the same empirical formula...
- N01AB07 DesfluraneDesfluraneDesflurane is a highly fluorinated methyl ethyl ether used for maintenance of general anesthesia. Like halothane, enflurane and isoflurane, it is a racemic mixture of and optical isomers...
- N01AB08 SevofluraneSevofluraneSevoflurane , also called fluoromethyl hexafluoroisopropyl ether, is a sweet-smelling, nonflammable, highly fluorinated methyl isopropyl ether used for induction and maintenance of general anesthesia. Together with desflurane, it is replacing isoflurane and halothane in modern anesthesiology...
N01AF BarbiturateBarbiturateBarbiturates are drugs that act as central nervous system depressants, and can therefore produce a wide spectrum of effects, from mild sedation to total anesthesia. They are also effective as anxiolytics, as hypnotics, and as anticonvulsants...
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- N01AF01 MethohexitalMethohexitalMethohexital, also called methohexitone, is a drug which is a barbiturate derivative. It is classified as short-acting, and has a rapid onset of action...
- N01AF02 HexobarbitalHexobarbitalHexobarbital is a barbiturate derivative having hypnotic and sedative effects. It was used in the 1940s-1950s as an agent for inducing anesthesia for surgery and has a relatively fast onset of effects and short duration of action...
- N01AF03 Thiopental
- QN01AF90 ThiamylalThiamylalThiamylal is a barbiturate derivative invented in the 1950s. It has sedative, anticonvulsant and hypnotic effects, and is used as a strong but short acting sedative. Thamylal is still in current use, primarily for induction in surgical anaesthesia or as an anticonvulsant to counteract side...
N01AH OpioidOpioidAn opioid is a psychoactive chemical that works by binding to opioid receptors, which are found principally in the central and peripheral nervous system and the gastrointestinal tract...
anesthetics
- N01AH01 Fentanyl
- N01AH02 AlfentanilAlfentanilAlfentanil is a potent but short-acting synthetic opioid analgesic drug, used for anaesthesia in surgery. It is an analogue of fentanyl with around 1/4 the potency of fentanyl and around 1/3 of the duration of action, but with an onset of effects 4x faster than fentanyl...
- N01AH03 SufentanilSufentanilSufentanil is a powerful synthetic opioid analgesic drug, approximately 5 to 10 times more potent than its analog, fentanyl. Sufentanil is marketed for use by specialist centres under different trade names, such as Sufenta and Sufentil...
- N01AH04 PhenoperidinePhenoperidinePhenoperidine was discovered by Janssen Pharmacutica 1960. Marketed as its hydrochloride as Operidine or Lealgin, is an opioid used as a general anesthetic. It is a derivative of isonipecotic acid, like pethidine, and is metabolized in part to norpethidine. It is 20-200 times as potent as pethidine...
- N01AH05 AnileridineAnileridineAnileridine is a synthetic analgesic drug and is a member of the piperidine class of analgesic agents developed by Merck & Co. in the 1950s...
- N01AH06 RemifentanilRemifentanilRemifentanil is a potent ultra short-acting synthetic opioid analgesic drug. It is given to patients during surgery to relieve pain and as an adjunct to an anaesthetic. Remifentanil is used for sedation as well as combined with other medications for use in general anesthesia...
- N01AH51 Fentanyl, combinations
N01AX Other general anesthetics
- N01AX01 DroperidolDroperidolDroperidol is an antidopaminergic drug used as an antiemetic and antipsychotic...
- N01AX03 KetamineKetamineKetamine is a drug used in human and veterinary medicine. Its hydrochloride salt is sold as Ketanest, Ketaset, and Ketalar. Pharmacologically, ketamine is classified as an NMDA receptor antagonist...
- N01AX04 PropanididPropanididPropanidid is an ultra short-acting phenylacetate general anesthetic. It was originally introduced by Bayer in 1963 but anaphylactic reactions caused it to be withdrawn shortly afterwards....
- N01AX05 AlfaxaloneAlfaxaloneAlfaxalone is a neurosteroid general anaesthetic.It is one of the constituents of althesin.It is used in veterinary practice under the tradename Alfaxan....
- N01AX07 EtomidateEtomidateEtomidate is a short acting intravenous anaesthetic agent used for the induction of general anaesthesia and for sedation for short procedures such as reduction of dislocated joints, tracheal intubation and cardioversion...
- N01AX10 PropofolPropofolPropofol is a short-acting, intravenously administered hypnotic agent. Its uses include the induction and maintenance of general anesthesia, sedation for mechanically ventilated adults, and procedural sedation. Propofol is also commonly used in veterinary medicine...
- N01AX11 Sodium oxybate
- N01AX13 Nitrous oxideNitrous oxideNitrous oxide, commonly known as laughing gas or sweet air, is a chemical compound with the formula . It is an oxide of nitrogen. At room temperature, it is a colorless non-flammable gas, with a slightly sweet odor and taste. It is used in surgery and dentistry for its anesthetic and analgesic...
- N01AX14 EsketamineEsketamineEsketamine or -ketamine is a general anaesthetic of the dissociative class by way of the central nervous system and has its mode of action as an NMDA receptor antagonist...
- N01AX15 XenonXenonXenon is a chemical element with the symbol Xe and atomic number 54. The element name is pronounced or . A colorless, heavy, odorless noble gas, xenon occurs in the Earth's atmosphere in trace amounts...
- N01AX63 Nitrous oxide, combinations
- QN01AX91 AzaperoneAzaperoneAzaperone is a pyridinylpiperazine and butyrophenone neuroleptic drug with sedative and antiemetic effects, which is used mainly as a tranquilizer in veterinary medicine. It is used mainly in pigs and elephants. More rarely it may be used in humans as an antipsychotic drug, but this is uncommon...
- QN01AX92 BenzocaineBenzocaineBenzocaine is a local anesthetic commonly used as a topical pain reliever, or in cough drops. It is the active ingredient in many over-the-counter anesthetic ointments...
- QN01AX93 Tricaine mesilate
- QN01AX99 Other general anesthetics, combinations
N01BA EsterEsterEsters are chemical compounds derived by reacting an oxoacid with a hydroxyl compound such as an alcohol or phenol. Esters are usually derived from an inorganic acid or organic acid in which at least one -OH group is replaced by an -O-alkyl group, and most commonly from carboxylic acids and...
s of aminobenzoic acidAminobenzoic acidAminobenzoic acid can refer to:* para-Aminobenzoic acid * 3-Aminobenzoic acid...
- N01BA01 MetabutethamineMetabutethamineMetabutethamine is an anesthetic....
- N01BA02 ProcaineProcaineProcaine is a local anesthetic drug of the amino ester group. It is used primarily to reduce the pain of intramuscular injection of penicillin, and it was also used in dentistry. Owing to the ubiquity of the trade name Novocain, in some regions procaine is referred to generically as novocaine...
- N01BA03 TetracaineTetracaineTetracaine is a potent local anesthetic of the ester group...
- N01BA04 ChloroprocaineChloroprocaineChloroprocaine is a local anesthetic given by injection during surgical procedures and labor and delivery. Chloroprocaine constricts blood vessels resulting in reduced blood loss; this is in contrast to other local anesthetics e.g. lidocaine, which do not do such...
- N01BA05 BenzocaineBenzocaineBenzocaine is a local anesthetic commonly used as a topical pain reliever, or in cough drops. It is the active ingredient in many over-the-counter anesthetic ointments...
- N01BA52 Procaine, combinations
N01BB AmideAmideIn chemistry, an amide is an organic compound that contains the functional group consisting of a carbonyl group linked to a nitrogen atom . The term refers both to a class of compounds and a functional group within those compounds. The term amide also refers to deprotonated form of ammonia or an...
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- N01BB01 BupivacaineBupivacaineBupivacaine is a local anaesthetic drug belonging to the amino amide group. AstraZeneca commonly markets it under various trade names, including Marcain, Marcaine, Sensorcaine and Vivacaine.-Indications:...
- N01BB02 LidocaineLidocaineLidocaine , Xylocaine, or lignocaine is a common local anesthetic and antiarrhythmic drug. Lidocaine is used topically to relieve itching, burning and pain from skin inflammations, injected as a dental anesthetic or as a local anesthetic for minor surgery.- History :Lidocaine, the first amino...
- N01BB03 MepivacaineMepivacaineMepivacaine is a local anesthetic of the amide type. Mepivacaine has a reasonably rapid onset and medium duration of action and is marketed under various trade names including Carbocaine and Polocaine.Mepivacaine became available in the United States in the 1960s.Mepivacaine is used in any...
- N01BB04 PrilocainePrilocainePrilocaine is a local anesthetic of the amino amide type first prepared by Claes Tegner and Nils Lofgren. In its injectable form , it is often used in dentistry. It is also often combined with lidocaine as a preparation for dermal anesthesia , for treatment of conditions like paresthesia...
- N01BB05 ButanilicaineButanilicaineButanilicaine is an anesthetic....
- N01BB06 CinchocaineCinchocaineCinchocaine is an amide local anesthetic. It is the active ingredient in some topical hemorrhoid creams such as Proctosedyl...
- N01BB07 EtidocaineEtidocaineEtidocaine, marketed under the trade name Duranest, is a local anesthetic given by injection during surgical procedures and labor and delivery. Etidocaine has a long duration of activity, and the main disadvantage of using during dentistry is increased bleeding during surgery....
- N01BB08 Articaine
- N01BB09 RopivacaineRopivacaineRopivacaine is a local anaesthetic drug belonging to the amino amide group. The name ropivacaine refers to both the racemate and the marketed S-enantiomer...
- N01BB10 LevobupivacaineLevobupivacaineLevobupivacaine is a local anaesthetic drug belonging to the amino amide group. It is the S-enantiomer of bupivacaine. Levobupivacaine hydrochloride is commonly marketed by Abbott under the trade name Chirocaine.-Clinical use:...
- N01BB20 Combinations
- N01BB51 Bupivacaine, combinations
- N01BB52 Lidocaine, combinations
- N01BB53 Mepivacaine, combinations
- N01BB54 Prilocaine, combinations
- N01BB57 Etidocaine, combinations
- N01BB58 Articaine, combinations
N01BX Other local anesthetics
- N01BX01 Ethyl chloride
- N01BX02 DyclonineDyclonineDyclonine is an oral anaesthetic found in Sucrets, an over the counter throat lozenge. It is also found in some varieties of the Cepacol sore throat spray. It is a bactericidal and fungicidal local anesthetic, used topically as the hydrochloride salt....
- N01BX03 PhenolPhenolPhenol, also known as carbolic acid, phenic acid, is an organic compound with the chemical formula C6H5OH. It is a white crystalline solid. The molecule consists of a phenyl , bonded to a hydroxyl group. It is produced on a large scale as a precursor to many materials and useful compounds...
- N01BX04 CapsaicinCapsaicinCapsaicin 2CHCH=CH4CONHCH2C6H3-4--3- ) is the active component of chili peppers, which are plants belonging to the genus Capsicum. It is an irritant for mammals, including humans, and produces a sensation of burning in any tissue with which it comes into contact...