1860 in Wales
Encyclopedia
This article is about the particular significance of the year 1860 to Wales
and its people
.
Wales
Wales is a country that is part of the United Kingdom and the island of Great Britain, bordered by England to its east and the Atlantic Ocean and Irish Sea to its west. It has a population of three million, and a total area of 20,779 km²...
and its people
Welsh people
The Welsh people are an ethnic group and nation associated with Wales and the Welsh language.John Davies argues that the origin of the "Welsh nation" can be traced to the late 4th and early 5th centuries, following the Roman departure from Britain, although Brythonic Celtic languages seem to have...
.
Incumbents
- Prince of WalesPrince of WalesPrince of Wales is a title traditionally granted to the heir apparent to the reigning monarch of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland and the 15 other independent Commonwealth realms...
— The Prince Albert EdwardEdward VII of the United KingdomEdward VII was King of the United Kingdom and the British Dominions and Emperor of India from 22 January 1901 until his death in 1910...
, son of Queen Victoria of the United Kingdom - Princess of WalesPrincess of WalesPrincess of Wales is a British courtesy title held by the wife of The Prince of Wales since the first "English" Prince of Wales in 1283.Although there have been considerably more than ten male heirs to the throne, there have been only ten Princesses of Wales. The majority of Princes of Wales...
— vacant
Events
- 27 February — A paddle steamerPaddle steamerA paddle steamer is a steamship or riverboat, powered by a steam engine, using paddle wheels to propel it through the water. In antiquity, Paddle wheelers followed the development of poles, oars and sails, where the first uses were wheelers driven by animals or humans...
, Nimrod, is wrecked off St David's Head, and 45 people are killed. - 7 March — HMS HoweHMS Howe (1860)HMS Howe was built as a 121-gun screw first-rate ship of the line of the Royal Navy. She and her sister HMS Victoria were the first and only British three-decker ships of the line to be designed from the start for screw propulsion, but the Howe was never completed for sea service as she had...
, the Royal NavyRoyal NavyThe Royal Navy is the naval warfare service branch of the British Armed Forces. Founded in the 16th century, it is the oldest service branch and is known as the Senior Service...
’s last, largest and fastest wooden first-rateFirst-rateFirst rate was the designation used by the Royal Navy for its largest ships of the line. While the size and establishment of guns and men changed over the 250 years that the rating system held sway, from the early years of the eighteenth century the first rates comprised those ships mounting 100...
three-decker ship of the lineShip of the lineA ship of the line was a type of naval warship constructed from the 17th through the mid-19th century to take part in the naval tactic known as the line of battle, in which two columns of opposing warships would manoeuvre to bring the greatest weight of broadside guns to bear...
, is launched at Pembroke Dockyard but never completed for sea service. - 3 August — Consecration of Marble Church, BodelwyddanMarble Church, BodelwyddanThe Marble Church , Bodelwyddan, is a prominent landmark in the lower Vale of Clwyd in Denbighshire, Wales and is visible for many miles. It lies just off the A55 trunk road....
. - 1 December — The sixth underground explosion in the RiscaRiscaRisca is a town of approximately 11,500 people in South Wales, within the Caerphilly County Borough and the historic boundaries of Monmouthshire. It is today part of the Newport conurbation , though it is not a Ward of Newport City Council...
Black Vein Pit at CrosskeysCrosskeysCrosskeys is a small village in Caerphilly county borough in Wales.- Location :Crosskeys is seven miles north west of Newport, just past Risca off the A467 road. Located near to the confluence of the Ebbw River and the Sirhowy River, it was originally called Pont-y-cymer...
in the Sirhowy ValleySirhowy ValleyThe Sirhowy Valley is an industrialised valley in the eastern part of the Valleys region of South Wales. It is named from the Sirhowy River which runs through it. Its upper reaches are occupied by the town of Tredegar within the unitary area of Blaenau Gwent...
of MonmouthshireMonmouthshire (historic)Monmouthshire , also known as the County of Monmouth , is one of thirteen ancient counties of Wales and a former administrative county....
kills 142 coal miners. - Opening of the Gwili Valley railway.
- A statue of Henry Paget, 1st Marquess of AngleseyHenry Paget, 1st Marquess of AngleseyField Marshal Henry William Paget, 1st Marquess of Anglesey, KG, GCB, GCH, PC , styled Lord Paget between 1784 and 1812 and known as The Earl of Uxbridge between 1812 and 1815, was a British military leader and politician, now chiefly remembered for leading the charge of the heavy cavalry against...
is added to the column built in his honour by Thomas HarrisonThomas Harrison (architect)Thomas Harrison was an English architect and engineer. He built a number of bridges, including Grosvenor Bridge in Chester. He also rebuilt parts of Chester and Lancaster castles...
earlier in the century. - Four gun batteries are installed on Flat HolmFlat HolmFlat Holm is a limestone island lying in the Bristol Channel approximately from Lavernock Point in the Vale of Glamorgan, but in the City and County of Cardiff. It includes the most southerly point of Wales....
. - Discovery of Gwynfynydd Gold Mine gold mine at DolgellauDolgellauDolgellau is a market town in Gwynedd, north-west Wales, lying on the River Wnion, a tributary of the River Mawddach. It was the county town of the former county of Merionethshire .-History and economy:...
. - approx. date — LlanfairpwllgwyngyllLlanfairpwllgwyngyllLlanfairpwllgwyngyllgogerychwyrndrobwllllantysiliogogogoch is a large village and community on the island of Anglesey in Wales, situated on the Menai Strait next to the Britannia Bridge and across the strait from Bangor. This village has the longest place name in Europe and one of the longest...
on AngleseyAngleseyAnglesey , also known by its Welsh name Ynys Môn , is an island and, as Isle of Anglesey, a county off the north west coast of Wales...
adopts the long form of its name.
Awards
- At the DenbighDenbighDenbigh is a market town and community in Denbighshire, Wales. Before 1888, it was the county town of Denbighshire. Denbigh lies 8 miles to the north west of Ruthin and to the south of St Asaph. It is about 13 miles from the seaside resort of Rhyl. The town grew around the glove-making industry...
eisteddfod, a decision is made to launch a national eisteddfod. - An eisteddfod is held at Utica, New YorkUtica, New YorkUtica is a city in and the county seat of Oneida County, New York, United States. The population was 62,235 at the 2010 census, an increase of 2.6% from the 2000 census....
.
New books
- John Ceiriog HughesJohn Ceiriog HughesJohn Ceiriog Hughes , was a Welsh poet and well-known collector of Welsh folk tunes. Sometimes referred to as the "Robert Burns of Wales"...
— Oriau'r Hwyr - Thomas PhillipsThomas PhillipsThomas Phillips was a leading English portrait and subject painter. He painted many of the great men of the day including scientists, artists, writers, poets and explorers.-Life and work:...
— The Welsh Revival: Its Origin and Development - William Rowlands — Dammeg y Mab Afradlon
Music
- John Owen (Owain Alaw)John Owen (Owain Alaw)John Owen, also known by his bardic name Owain Alaw Pencerdd , was a Welsh language poet, baritone vocalist, accompanist and musician.-Early life:...
— Gems of Welsh Melody (including the first Welsh lyric for March of the Men of Harlech, written by John Jones (Talhaiarn)John Jones (Talhaiarn)John Jones , known by his bardic name of Talhaiarn, was a Welsh poet and architect.He was born at the Harp Inn in Llanfair Talhaearn, Denbighshire. Apprenticed to an architect, he served with ecclesiastical architects in London, and was employed by Sir Joseph Paxton to oversee the building of the...
)
Sport
- The first bowlsBowlsBowls is a sport in which the objective is to roll slightly asymmetric balls so that they stop close to a smaller "jack" or "kitty". It is played on a pitch which may be flat or convex or uneven...
club in Wales is founded at AbergavennyAbergavennyAbergavenny , meaning Mouth of the River Gavenny, is a market town in Monmouthshire, Wales. It is located 15 miles west of Monmouth on the A40 and A465 roads, 6 miles from the English border. Originally the site of a Roman fort, Gobannium, it became a medieval walled town within the Welsh Marches...
. - Oswestry Town F.C.Oswestry Town F.C.Oswestry Town F.C. was a football club, formerly playing in the League of Wales.The club was founded as Oswestry United in 1860, which meant they were one of the world's oldest football clubs. Matches were latterly played at Park Hall stadium, Oswestry, after a spell at Victoria Road...
is founded.
Births
- 21 February — Sir William Goscombe JohnGoscombe JohnSir William Goscombe John R.A. , was a Welsh sculptor.-Biography:He was born in Canton, Cardiff and as a youth assisted his father, Thomas John, a wood carver, in the restoration of Cardiff Castle...
, sculptor (died 1952) - 29 March — Edward PeakeEdward PeakeEdward Peake was an English-born rugby union three-quarter and county cricketer. Educated at Oriel College, Oxford, Peake would win a Blue for cricket before representing Gloucestershire. Peake is most notable for being a member of the first Wales rugby union team that played England in 1881...
, Wales international rugby union player (died 1945) - 14 April — Howell Elvet LewisHowell Elvet LewisHowell Elvet Lewis CH known by his bardic name Elfed , independent minister, hymn-writer, and poet served as Archdruid of the National Eisteddfod of Wales from 1924 to 1928.-Early life:...
(Elved), poet and archdruid (died 1953) - 12 May — Sir John Ballinger, librarian (died 1933)
- 24 May — Sir Ellis Ellis-GriffithSir Ellis Ellis-Griffith, 1st BaronetSir Ellis Jones Ellis-Griffith, 1st Baronet PC KC , was a British barrister and Liberal politician.Born in Blaenau Ffestiniog, Ellis-Griffith was the son of Thomas Morris Griffith, a builder...
, lawyer and politician (died 1926) - 6 June - Sir Herbert Williams-Wynn, 7th BaronetSir Herbert Williams-Wynn, 7th BaronetSir Herbert Lloyd Watkin Williams-Wynn, 7th Baronet was a Welsh politician. He was Member of Parliament for Denbighshire from May to November 1885....
(died 1944) - 30 July — Richard SummersRichard SummersRichard Henry Bowlas Summers was a Welsh rugby union fullback who played club rugby for Haverfordwest and international rugby for Wales...
, Wales rugby union international (died 1941) - 6 September — George Florance Irby, 6th Baron Boston, landowner and scientist (died 1941)
- 31 December — Horace LyneHorace LyneHorace Sampson Lyne MBE was a Welsh international rugby union forward who played club rugby for Newport Rugby Football Club. He won five caps for Wales and after retiring from playing rugby became the longest serving president of the Welsh Rugby Union...
, Wales international rugby player and WRU president (died 1949) - date unknown
- James Colton, anarchist (died 1936)
- Sir William PriceWilliam Price (industrialist)Sir William Price , born in Wales, was a farmer and industrialist, Director of United Dairies Ltd. He was knighted in 1922, on the nomination of David Lloyd George, by King George V . A fluent speaker of Welsh, he was nominated because of his company's deliveries of milk during the General strike...
(died 1938) - William Penfro RowlandsWilliam Penfro RowlandsWilliam Penfro Rowlands was a Welsh schoolteacher and composer.Rowlands was born at Llys y Frân, Maenclochog, Pembrokeshire . Probably his best-known composition is the hymn-tune "Blaenwern", composed in 1905. As well as being a church musician, Rowlands also taught in several schools...
, composer (died 1937)
Deaths
- May 4 — William Ormsby-GoreWilliam Ormsby-GoreFor his great-great grandson, see William Ormsby-Gore, 4th Baron Harlech.William Ormsby-Gore , known as William Gore until 1815, was a British Member of Parliament....
, politician, 81 - July 17 — Beti Cadwaladr, Crimea nurse, 71