Vologodsky District
Encyclopedia
Vologodsky District is an administrative district (raion
), one of the twenty-six
in Vologda Oblast
, Russia
. Municipally, it is incorporated as Vologodsky Municipal District. It is located in the center of the oblast
and borders with Ust-Kubinsky
and Sokolsky District
s in the northeast, Mezhdurechensky District
in the east, Gryazovetsky District
in the southeast, Poshekhonsky District
of Yaroslavl Oblast
in the southwest, Sheksninsky District
in the west, and Kirillovsky District
in the northwest. The area of the district is 4500 square kilometres (1,737.5 sq mi). Its administrative center is the town of Vologda
. District's population: 50,956 (2002 Census
); As of 2011, Vologodsky District was had the largest population among all the districts of Vologda Oblast.
The town of oblast significance
, Vologda
is located within the limits of the district but does not belong to the district. The selo of Molochnoye, also located in the limits of the district, is administratively and municipally subordinated to the town of Vologda.
. Subsequently, it became an important settlement on the trade route connecting Central Russia to the Whute Sea via the Northern Dvina River, and therefore it was frequently disputed between Novgorod and the Grand Duchy of Moscow
. In the 15th century, it became the center of the quasi-independent Principality of Vologda, which was most of the time controlled by Moscow and which included the current area of Vologodsky District. In the 15th century, the area entered the Grand Duchy of Moscow.
In the course of the administrative reform carried out in 1708 by Peter the Great, the area was included into Archangelgorod Governorate
. Vologda was specifically mentioned as one of the towns the governorate consisted of. In 1780, Arkhangelogorod Governorate was abolished and transformed into Vologda Viceroyalty
, and in 1796 the latter was split into Arkhangelsk and Vologda Governorates. What is now Vologodsky District was then part of Vologodsky Uyezd of Vologda Governorate
.
On July 15, 1929, several governorates, including Vologda Governorate, were merged into Northern Krai
, and the uyezds were abolished. Instead, Vologodsky District with the administrative center in the town of Vologda was established as part of Vologda Okrug. On June 20, 1932 the district was abolished. Some parts of its area were transferred to Chyobsarsky
, Gryazovetsky, and Ust-Kubinsky District, and the rest was administratively subordinated to Vologda.
In the following years, the first-level administrative division of Russia kept changing. In 1936, Northern Krai was transformed into Northern Oblast. In 1937, Northern Oblast was split into Arkhangelsk Oblast and Vologda Oblast. On September 1, 1938 Vologodsky District was reestablished.
On July 15, 1929 Chyobsarsky District with the center in Chyobsara
was established. On December 13, 1962 it was abolished and the area of the district was split between Vologodsky and Cherepovetsky District
s. On January 12, 1965 Sheksninsky District was established, which included some of the areas of the former Chyobsarsky District, including the urban-type settlement of Chyobsara.
On July 15, 1929 Kubeno-Ozersky District with the center in the selo of Kubenskoye was established. On December 13, 1962 it was abolished and the area of the district was merged into Vologodsky District.
, one of the biggest lakes of Vologda Oblast, forms the northeastern border of the district. The lake is shared between Vologodsky and Ust-Kubensky Districts. Almost all of the area of the district belongs to the river basin of the Sukhona
. In particular, the northern part drains directly to Lake Kubenskoye, the source of the Sukhona, and the southern part drains into the Vologda River
, one of the major tributaries of the Sukhona. The Lezha River
, another major tributary of the Sukhona, forms the southeastern border of the district, and the Sukhona itself forms the eastern border, upstream from the mouth of the Lezha.
Minor areas in the northwest of the district drain to the Sheksna River
, and some areas in the south of the district drain to the Sogozha River
, Both rivers are left tributaries of the Volga
, and thus the divide between the basins of the White
and the Caspian Sea
s crosses the district.
, which connects Moscow
and Arkhangelsk
, crosses the eastern part of the district from the south to the north. In Vologda, two more highways branch off. Another highway, A114, connecting Vologda to Cherepovets
and Saint Petersburg
, runs west from Vologda, and the highway connecting Vologda with the towns of Kirillov, Vytegra
, and Pudozh
, runs northwest along the axis of the district.
The railroad connecting Yaroslavl
and Vologda
crosses the district from the south to the north. In the south of the district, a railroad to Buy branches off southeast. The railroad connecting Vologda with Cherepovets and Saint Petersburg begins in Vologda and runs west through the district.
Lake Kubenskoye and the Sukhona are both navigable, as well as the Lezha and the Vologda in their lower courses, but there is no passenger navigation.
There are three museums in the district. The Ethnographic Museum in Semyonkovo is an open air museum which is created for preservation of traditional wooden architecture in the central and eastern parts of Vologda Oblast. The former Mozhaysky Estate in the selo of Mozhayskoye is now the museum of Alexander Mozhaysky. Alexander Fyodorovich Mozhaysky, a Russian aviation pioneer, who in 1884 constructed a monoplane airctaft and performed an unsuccessfull attempt to take off, lived in the estate, which belonged to his wife, between 1860 and 1863. The Vologda District Museum is located in the selo of Kubenskoye.
Sergey Ilyushin, a Soviet aircraft designer and a founder of the Ilyushin Design Bureau
, was born in 1894 in the village of Dilyalevo, currently in Vologodsky District.
Raion
A raion is a type of administrative unit of several post-Soviet countries. The term, which is from French rayon 'honeycomb, department,' describes both a type of a subnational entity and a division of a city, and is commonly translated in English as "district"...
), one of the twenty-six
Administrative divisions of Vologda Oblast
Administratively, Vologda Oblast is divided into four cities and towns of oblast significance and twenty-six districts.In terms of the area, the biggest administrative district is Vytegorsky District ....
in Vologda Oblast
Vologda Oblast
Vologda Oblast is a federal subject of Russia . Its administrative center is Vologda. The largest city is Cherepovets.Vologda Oblast is rich in historic monuments, such as the magnificent Kirillo-Belozersky Monastery, Ferapontov Convent , medieval towns of Velikiy Ustyug and Belozersk, baroque...
, Russia
Russia
Russia or , officially known as both Russia and the Russian Federation , is a country in northern Eurasia. It is a federal semi-presidential republic, comprising 83 federal subjects...
. Municipally, it is incorporated as Vologodsky Municipal District. It is located in the center of the oblast
Oblast
Oblast is a type of administrative division in Slavic countries, including some countries of the former Soviet Union. The word "oblast" is a loanword in English, but it is nevertheless often translated as "area", "zone", "province", or "region"...
and borders with Ust-Kubinsky
Ust-Kubinsky District
Ust-Kubinsky District is an administrative district , one of the twenty-six in Vologda Oblast, Russia. Municipally, it is incorporated as Ust-Kubinsky Municipal District...
and Sokolsky District
Sokolsky District, Vologda Oblast
Sokolsky District is an administrative district , one of the twenty-six in Vologda Oblast, Russia. Municipally, it is incorporated as Sokolsky Municipal District...
s in the northeast, Mezhdurechensky District
Mezhdurechensky District, Vologda Oblast
Mezhdurechensky District is an administrative district , one of the twenty-six in Vologda Oblast, Russia. Municipally, it is incorporated as Mezhdurechensky Municipal District...
in the east, Gryazovetsky District
Gryazovetsky District
Gryazovetsky District is an administrative district , one of the twenty-six in Vologda Oblast, Russia. Municipally, it is incorporated as Gryazovetsky Municipal District...
in the southeast, Poshekhonsky District
Poshekhonsky District
Poshekhonsky District is an administrative district , one of the 17 in Yaroslavl Oblast, Russia....
of Yaroslavl Oblast
Yaroslavl Oblast
Yaroslavl Oblast is a federal subject of Russia , which is located in the Central Federal District, surrounded by Tver, Moscow, Ivanovo, Vladimir, Kostroma, and Vologda Oblasts. This geographic location affords the oblast the advantages of proximity to Moscow and St. Petersburg...
in the southwest, Sheksninsky District
Sheksninsky District
Sheksninsky District is an administrative district , one of the twenty-six in Vologda Oblast, Russia. Municipally, it is incorporated as Sheksninsky Municipal District...
in the west, and Kirillovsky District
Kirillovsky District
Kirillovsky District is an administrative district , one of the twenty-six in Vologda Oblast, Russia. Municipally, it is incorporated as Kirillovsky Municipal District...
in the northwest. The area of the district is 4500 square kilometres (1,737.5 sq mi). Its administrative center is the town of Vologda
Vologda
Vologda is a city and the administrative, cultural, and scientific center of Vologda Oblast, Russia, located on the Vologda River. The city is a major transport knot of the Northwest of Russia. Vologda is among the Russian cities possessing an especially valuable historical heritage...
. District's population: 50,956 (2002 Census
Russian Census (2002)
Russian Census of 2002 was the first census of the Russian Federation carried out on October 9 through October 16, 2002. It was carried out by the Russian Federal Service of State Statistics .-Resident population:...
); As of 2011, Vologodsky District was had the largest population among all the districts of Vologda Oblast.
The town of oblast significance
City of federal subject significance
City of federal subject significance is an umbrella term used to refer to a type of an administrative division of a federal subject of Russia which is equal in status to a district but is organized around a large city; occasionally with surrounding rural territories.According to the 1993...
, Vologda
Vologda
Vologda is a city and the administrative, cultural, and scientific center of Vologda Oblast, Russia, located on the Vologda River. The city is a major transport knot of the Northwest of Russia. Vologda is among the Russian cities possessing an especially valuable historical heritage...
is located within the limits of the district but does not belong to the district. The selo of Molochnoye, also located in the limits of the district, is administratively and municipally subordinated to the town of Vologda.
History
Vologda was first mentioned in reliable sources under 1264 as a remote settlement controlled by the Novgorod RepublicNovgorod Republic
The Novgorod Republic was a large medieval Russian state which stretched from the Baltic Sea to the Ural Mountains between the 12th and 15th centuries, centred on the city of Novgorod...
. Subsequently, it became an important settlement on the trade route connecting Central Russia to the Whute Sea via the Northern Dvina River, and therefore it was frequently disputed between Novgorod and the Grand Duchy of Moscow
Grand Duchy of Moscow
The Grand Duchy of Moscow or Grand Principality of Moscow, also known in English simply as Muscovy , was a late medieval Rus' principality centered on Moscow, and the predecessor state of the early modern Tsardom of Russia....
. In the 15th century, it became the center of the quasi-independent Principality of Vologda, which was most of the time controlled by Moscow and which included the current area of Vologodsky District. In the 15th century, the area entered the Grand Duchy of Moscow.
In the course of the administrative reform carried out in 1708 by Peter the Great, the area was included into Archangelgorod Governorate
Archangelgorod Governorate
Archangelgorod Governorate , or the Government of Archangelgorod, was an administrative division of the Russian Empire, which existed from 1708 until 1780. Its seat was in Archangel...
. Vologda was specifically mentioned as one of the towns the governorate consisted of. In 1780, Arkhangelogorod Governorate was abolished and transformed into Vologda Viceroyalty
Vologda Viceroyalty
Vologda Viceroyalty was an administrative division of the Russian Empire, which existed in 1780–1796.The viceroyalty was established by a decree of Catherine II on , 1780...
, and in 1796 the latter was split into Arkhangelsk and Vologda Governorates. What is now Vologodsky District was then part of Vologodsky Uyezd of Vologda Governorate
Vologda Governorate
The Vologda Governorate or Government of Vologda was a guberniya in the historical northern region of the European part of Russian Empire.In its size it was second right after the neighboring Archangelgorod Governorate...
.
On July 15, 1929, several governorates, including Vologda Governorate, were merged into Northern Krai
Northern Krai
Northern Krai was a krai of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic from 1929 to 1936. Its seat was in the city of Arkhangelsk...
, and the uyezds were abolished. Instead, Vologodsky District with the administrative center in the town of Vologda was established as part of Vologda Okrug. On June 20, 1932 the district was abolished. Some parts of its area were transferred to Chyobsarsky
Sheksninsky District
Sheksninsky District is an administrative district , one of the twenty-six in Vologda Oblast, Russia. Municipally, it is incorporated as Sheksninsky Municipal District...
, Gryazovetsky, and Ust-Kubinsky District, and the rest was administratively subordinated to Vologda.
In the following years, the first-level administrative division of Russia kept changing. In 1936, Northern Krai was transformed into Northern Oblast. In 1937, Northern Oblast was split into Arkhangelsk Oblast and Vologda Oblast. On September 1, 1938 Vologodsky District was reestablished.
On July 15, 1929 Chyobsarsky District with the center in Chyobsara
Chyobsara
Chyobsara is an urban locality in Sheksninsky District of Vologda Oblast, Russia, located from Vologda. Municipally, it is incorporated as Chyobsarskoye Urban Settlement, one of the two urban settlements in the district. Population: -History:The settlement was founded as a railway station in 1898...
was established. On December 13, 1962 it was abolished and the area of the district was split between Vologodsky and Cherepovetsky District
Cherepovetsky District
Cherepovetsky District is an administrative and municipal district , one of the 26 in Vologda Oblast, Russia....
s. On January 12, 1965 Sheksninsky District was established, which included some of the areas of the former Chyobsarsky District, including the urban-type settlement of Chyobsara.
On July 15, 1929 Kubeno-Ozersky District with the center in the selo of Kubenskoye was established. On December 13, 1962 it was abolished and the area of the district was merged into Vologodsky District.
Location and geography
The area of the district is elongated from the northwest to the southeast, and Lake KubenskoyeLake Kubenskoye
Kubenskoe Lake is a large and shallow lake in Vologda Oblast of Russia, situated at the height of 109 metres above mean sea level, stretching for 60 km from north-west to south-east....
, one of the biggest lakes of Vologda Oblast, forms the northeastern border of the district. The lake is shared between Vologodsky and Ust-Kubensky Districts. Almost all of the area of the district belongs to the river basin of the Sukhona
Sukhona River
The Sukhona is a river in the European pert of Russia, a tributary of the Northern Dvina River. The course of the Sukhona lies in Ust-Kubinsky, Sokolsky, Mezhdurechensky, Totemsky, Tarnogsky, Nyuksensky, and Velikoustyugsky Districts of Vologda Oblast in Russia. It is long, and the area of its...
. In particular, the northern part drains directly to Lake Kubenskoye, the source of the Sukhona, and the southern part drains into the Vologda River
Vologda River
The Vologda is a river in Sheksninsky and Vologodsky Districts of Vologda Oblast as well as in the city of Vologda in Russia. It is a right tributary of the Sukhona River. It is long, and the area of its basin . The principal tributaries is the Toshnya...
, one of the major tributaries of the Sukhona. The Lezha River
Lezha River
The Lezha is a river in Gryazovetsky, Vologodsky, and Mezhdurechensky Districts of Vologda Oblast in Russia. It is a right tributary of the Sukhona River. It is long, and the area of its basin...
, another major tributary of the Sukhona, forms the southeastern border of the district, and the Sukhona itself forms the eastern border, upstream from the mouth of the Lezha.
Minor areas in the northwest of the district drain to the Sheksna River
Sheksna River
The Sheksna is a river in Belozersky, Kirillovsky, Sheksninsky, and Cherepovetsky Districts of Vologda Oblast in Russia. It is a left tributary of the Volga River. It is long, and the area of its basin...
, and some areas in the south of the district drain to the Sogozha River
Sogozha River
Sogozha is a river in Vologda and Yaroslavl Oblasts in Russia. It is 125 km long, with a drainage basin of 2,950 km².The river terminates in the Rybinsk Reservoir of the Volga River. Before the construction of the Rybinsk Reservoir the Sogozha was a tributary of the Sheksna River.The...
, Both rivers are left tributaries of the Volga
Volga River
The Volga is the largest river in Europe in terms of length, discharge, and watershed. It flows through central Russia, and is widely viewed as the national river of Russia. Out of the twenty largest cities of Russia, eleven, including the capital Moscow, are situated in the Volga's drainage...
, and thus the divide between the basins of the White
White Sea
The White Sea is a southern inlet of the Barents Sea located on the northwest coast of Russia. It is surrounded by Karelia to the west, the Kola Peninsula to the north, and the Kanin Peninsula to the northeast. The whole of the White Sea is under Russian sovereignty and considered to be part of...
and the Caspian Sea
Caspian Sea
The Caspian Sea is the largest enclosed body of water on Earth by area, variously classed as the world's largest lake or a full-fledged sea. The sea has a surface area of and a volume of...
s crosses the district.
Industry
In 2011, food industry was the leading industry in the district, producing 61% of the gross product. The next important is timber industry.Agriculture
There is crops growing in the district, as well as production of meat, milk, and eggs. In 2011, the district produced more crops, milk, meat, and eggs, than any other district of Vologda Oblast.Transport
One of the principal highways in Russia, M8M8 highway (Russia)
The Russian route M8, also known as the Kholmogory Highway or Yaroslavl highway, is a major trunk road that links Moscow to the Russian North in general and the sea harbour of Arkhangelsk in particular...
, which connects Moscow
Moscow
Moscow is the capital, the most populous city, and the most populous federal subject of Russia. The city is a major political, economic, cultural, scientific, religious, financial, educational, and transportation centre of Russia and the continent...
and Arkhangelsk
Arkhangelsk
Arkhangelsk , formerly known as Archangel in English, is a city and the administrative center of Arkhangelsk Oblast, Russia. It lies on both banks of the Northern Dvina River near its exit into the White Sea in the north of European Russia. The city spreads for over along the banks of the river...
, crosses the eastern part of the district from the south to the north. In Vologda, two more highways branch off. Another highway, A114, connecting Vologda to Cherepovets
Cherepovets
Cherepovets is the largest city in Vologda Oblast, Russia, located on the bank of the Rybinsk Reservoir of the Sheksna River, a tributary of the Volga River. Population: 311,869 ; It is served by Cherepovets Airport.-Location:...
and Saint Petersburg
Saint Petersburg
Saint Petersburg is a city and a federal subject of Russia located on the Neva River at the head of the Gulf of Finland on the Baltic Sea...
, runs west from Vologda, and the highway connecting Vologda with the towns of Kirillov, Vytegra
Vytegra
Vytegra may refer to:*Vytegra, a town in Vologda Oblast, Russia*Vytegra River, a river in Vologda Oblast, Russia...
, and Pudozh
Pudozh
Pudozh is a town and the administrative center of Pudozhsky District of the Republic of Karelia, Russia, located on the Vodla River east of Petrozavodsk. Population: 8,000 ....
, runs northwest along the axis of the district.
The railroad connecting Yaroslavl
Yaroslavl
Yaroslavl is a city and the administrative center of Yaroslavl Oblast, Russia, located northeast of Moscow. The historical part of the city, a World Heritage Site, is located at the confluence of the Volga and the Kotorosl Rivers. It is one of the Golden Ring cities, a group of historic cities...
and Vologda
Vologda
Vologda is a city and the administrative, cultural, and scientific center of Vologda Oblast, Russia, located on the Vologda River. The city is a major transport knot of the Northwest of Russia. Vologda is among the Russian cities possessing an especially valuable historical heritage...
crosses the district from the south to the north. In the south of the district, a railroad to Buy branches off southeast. The railroad connecting Vologda with Cherepovets and Saint Petersburg begins in Vologda and runs west through the district.
Lake Kubenskoye and the Sukhona are both navigable, as well as the Lezha and the Vologda in their lower courses, but there is no passenger navigation.
Culture and recreation
The district contains six objects classified as cultural and historical heritage by Russian Federal law and additionally sixty-eight objects classified as cultural and historical heritage of local importance. The objects protected at the federal level are the Ethnographic Museum in Semyonkovo, the Mozhaysky Estate in Mozhayskoye (formerly Kotelnikovo), the Intercession Church in Pokrovskoye, and the Ulyanov House in Raskopino.There are three museums in the district. The Ethnographic Museum in Semyonkovo is an open air museum which is created for preservation of traditional wooden architecture in the central and eastern parts of Vologda Oblast. The former Mozhaysky Estate in the selo of Mozhayskoye is now the museum of Alexander Mozhaysky. Alexander Fyodorovich Mozhaysky, a Russian aviation pioneer, who in 1884 constructed a monoplane airctaft and performed an unsuccessfull attempt to take off, lived in the estate, which belonged to his wife, between 1860 and 1863. The Vologda District Museum is located in the selo of Kubenskoye.
Sergey Ilyushin, a Soviet aircraft designer and a founder of the Ilyushin Design Bureau
Ilyushin
Open Joint Stock Company «Ilyushin Aviation Complex» , operating as Ilyushin or Ilyushin Design Bureau, is a Russian design bureau and aircraft manufacturer, founded by Sergey Vladimirovich Ilyushin. Ilyushin was established under the Soviet Union. Its operations began on January 13, 1933, by...
, was born in 1894 in the village of Dilyalevo, currently in Vologodsky District.