Valeriana
Encyclopedia
Valeriana is a genus
of flowering plants in the family Valerianaceae
. It includes a number of species of which the best known is the garden valerian
Valeriana officinalis. Some species are native to Europe
, others to North America
and South America
(especially in the Andes
).
Species include:
Genus
In biology, a genus is a low-level taxonomic rank used in the biological classification of living and fossil organisms, which is an example of definition by genus and differentia...
of flowering plants in the family Valerianaceae
Valerianaceae
The Valerianaceae, or valerian family, of the order Dipsacales contains about 350 species in 7 genera. Plants are generally herbaceous and foliage often has a strong, disagreeable odor. They are found native in most regions of the world except for Australia...
. It includes a number of species of which the best known is the garden valerian
Valerian (herb)
Valerian is a hardy perennial flowering plant, with heads of sweetly scented pink or white flowers which bloom in the summer months. Valerian flower extracts were used as a perfume in the sixteenth century....
Valeriana officinalis. Some species are native to Europe
Europe
Europe is, by convention, one of the world's seven continents. Comprising the westernmost peninsula of Eurasia, Europe is generally 'divided' from Asia to its east by the watershed divides of the Ural and Caucasus Mountains, the Ural River, the Caspian and Black Seas, and the waterways connecting...
, others to North America
North America
North America is a continent wholly within the Northern Hemisphere and almost wholly within the Western Hemisphere. It is also considered a northern subcontinent of the Americas...
and South America
South America
South America is a continent situated in the Western Hemisphere, mostly in the Southern Hemisphere, with a relatively small portion in the Northern Hemisphere. The continent is also considered a subcontinent of the Americas. It is bordered on the west by the Pacific Ocean and on the north and east...
(especially in the Andes
Andes
The Andes is the world's longest continental mountain range. It is a continual range of highlands along the western coast of South America. This range is about long, about to wide , and of an average height of about .Along its length, the Andes is split into several ranges, which are separated...
).
Species include:
- Valeriana acutiloba
- Valeriana arburua
- Valeriana arizonica
- Valeriana buxifoliaValeriana buxifoliaValeriana buxifolia is a species of plant in the Valerianaceae family. It is endemic to Ecuador.Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical high-altitude shrubland and subtropical or tropical high-altitude grassland.-Source:...
- Valeriana californicaValeriana californicaValeriana californica is a species of flowering plant in the valerian family known by the common name California valerian. It is native to Oregon, northeastern California, and Nevada, where it occurs in moist, forested mountain habitat. It is an erect herb up to half a meter tall with whorls or...
- Valeriana capitata
- Valeriana carnosa
- Valeriana celticaValeriana celticaValeriana celtica is a species of plant in the Valerianaceae family. It is also known as Alpine valerian and valerian spikenard. It is endemic to Central Europe. Until the 1930s it was extensively harvested for export to Asia for use in perfumes.-External links:...
- Alpine valerian or valerian spikenard - Valeriana columbiana
- Valeriana dioica - marsh valerian
- Valeriana edulis
- Valeriana occidentalisValeriana occidentalisValeriana occidentalis is a species of flowering plant in the valerian family known by the common name western valerian. It is native to the western United States, particularly the northwestern quadrant, but it occurs as far south as Arizona and as far east as Colorado and South Dakota. It occurs...
- Valeriana officinalis - garden valerian
- Valeriana pauciflora
- Valeriana scandens
- Valeriana scouleri
- Valeriana septentrionalis
- Valeriana sitchensisValeriana sitchensisValeriana sitchensis is a species of valerian known by the common name Sitka valerian. It is native to northwestern North America from Alaska and northern Canada to Montana to northern California, where it grows in many types of habitat, including moist mountain forests. In moist subalpine meadows,...
- Sitka valerian - Valeriana sorbifolia
- Valeriana texana
- Valeriana tiliifolia
- Valeriana tripteris
- Valeriana wallichii