United Nations Security Council Resolution 1637
Encyclopedia
United Nations
Security Council Resolution
1637, adopted unanimously on November 8, 2005, after reaffirming previous resolutions on Iraq
, the Council extended the mandate of the multinational force until the end of 2006.
The resolution was sponsored by Denmark
, Japan
, Romania
, the United Kingdom
and United States
.
would be responsible for security, and the mandate of the multinational force in the country could therefore be terminated. It welcomed the commitment of the Iraqi Transitional Government
to work towards a democratic
nation with respect for political and human rights
, and support from the international community
. Furthermore, the Council welcomed recent elections and the approval of a new constitution
for the country.
The resolution also noted that the government established through the December 2005 elections would be responsible for promoting dialogue and reconciliation in Iraq, and shaping its future. The Council called upon those using violence to lay down their arms and participate in the political process, reaffirming that terrorism
would not disrupt Iraq's transition, in accordance with Resolution 1618
(2005). Iraq had requested to retain the presence of the multinational force, established under Resolution 1546
(2004), in order to provide security and humanitarian aid
.
, the Council extended the mandate
of the multinational force in Iraq until December 31, 2006, to be reviewed by June 21, 2006. It could be terminated at any time by the request of Iraq. At the same time, arrangements for depositing proceeds from export sales of petroleum
, petroleum products, and natural gas
into the Development Fund for Iraq
, and its monitoring by the International Advisory and Monitoring Board
, were extended until December 31, 2006.
United Nations
The United Nations is an international organization whose stated aims are facilitating cooperation in international law, international security, economic development, social progress, human rights, and achievement of world peace...
Security Council Resolution
United Nations Security Council Resolution
A United Nations Security Council resolution is a UN resolution adopted by the fifteen members of the Security Council; the UN body charged with "primary responsibility for the maintenance of international peace and security"....
1637, adopted unanimously on November 8, 2005, after reaffirming previous resolutions on Iraq
Iraq
Iraq ; officially the Republic of Iraq is a country in Western Asia spanning most of the northwestern end of the Zagros mountain range, the eastern part of the Syrian Desert and the northern part of the Arabian Desert....
, the Council extended the mandate of the multinational force until the end of 2006.
The resolution was sponsored by Denmark
Denmark
Denmark is a Scandinavian country in Northern Europe. The countries of Denmark and Greenland, as well as the Faroe Islands, constitute the Kingdom of Denmark . It is the southernmost of the Nordic countries, southwest of Sweden and south of Norway, and bordered to the south by Germany. Denmark...
, Japan
Japan
Japan is an island nation in East Asia. Located in the Pacific Ocean, it lies to the east of the Sea of Japan, China, North Korea, South Korea and Russia, stretching from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north to the East China Sea and Taiwan in the south...
, Romania
Romania
Romania is a country located at the crossroads of Central and Southeastern Europe, on the Lower Danube, within and outside the Carpathian arch, bordering on the Black Sea...
, the United Kingdom
United Kingdom
The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandIn the United Kingdom and Dependencies, other languages have been officially recognised as legitimate autochthonous languages under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages...
and United States
United States
The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
.
Observations
Introducing the resolution, the Security Council welcomed the start of a new phase in Iraq and looked forward to the day that the Iraqi forcesIraqi Army
The Iraqi Army is the land component of the Iraqi military, active in various forms since being formed by the British during their mandate over the country after World War I....
would be responsible for security, and the mandate of the multinational force in the country could therefore be terminated. It welcomed the commitment of the Iraqi Transitional Government
Iraqi Transitional Government
The Iraqi Transitional Government was the government of Iraq from May 3rd, 2005, when it replaced the Iraqi Interim Government, until May 20th, 2006, when it was replaced by the first permanent government....
to work towards a democratic
Democracy
Democracy is generally defined as a form of government in which all adult citizens have an equal say in the decisions that affect their lives. Ideally, this includes equal participation in the proposal, development and passage of legislation into law...
nation with respect for political and human rights
Human rights
Human rights are "commonly understood as inalienable fundamental rights to which a person is inherently entitled simply because she or he is a human being." Human rights are thus conceived as universal and egalitarian . These rights may exist as natural rights or as legal rights, in both national...
, and support from the international community
International community
The international community is a term used in international relations to refer to all peoples, cultures and governments of the world or to a group of them. The term is used to imply the existence of common duties and obligations between them...
. Furthermore, the Council welcomed recent elections and the approval of a new constitution
Constitution of Iraq
The Constitution of Iraq is Iraq's fundamental law.-History:Iraq's first constitution, which established a constitutional monarchy, entered into force under the auspices of a British military occupation in 1925 and remained in effect until the 1958 revolution established a republic...
for the country.
The resolution also noted that the government established through the December 2005 elections would be responsible for promoting dialogue and reconciliation in Iraq, and shaping its future. The Council called upon those using violence to lay down their arms and participate in the political process, reaffirming that terrorism
Terrorism
Terrorism is the systematic use of terror, especially as a means of coercion. In the international community, however, terrorism has no universally agreed, legally binding, criminal law definition...
would not disrupt Iraq's transition, in accordance with Resolution 1618
United Nations Security Council Resolution 1618
United Nations Security Council Resolution 1618, adopted unanimously on August 4, 2005, after reaffirming resolutions on the situation in Iraq, including Resolution 1546 , the Council condemned terrorist attacks that had taken place in Iraq and expressed its determination to combat...
(2005). Iraq had requested to retain the presence of the multinational force, established under Resolution 1546
United Nations Security Council Resolution 1546
United Nations Security Council Resolution 1546, adopted unanimously on June 8, 2004, after reaffirming previous resolutions on Iraq, the Council endorsed the formation of the Iraqi Interim Government, welcomed the end of the occupation and determined the status of the multinational force and its...
(2004), in order to provide security and humanitarian aid
Humanitarian aid
Humanitarian aid is material or logistical assistance provided for humanitarian purposes, typically in response to humanitarian crises including natural disaster and man-made disaster. The primary objective of humanitarian aid is to save lives, alleviate suffering, and maintain human dignity...
.
Acts
Acting under Chapter VII of the United Nations CharterChapter VII of the United Nations Charter
Chapter VII of the United Nations Charter sets out the UN Security Council's powers to maintain peace. It allows the Council to "determine the existence of any threat to the peace, breach of the peace, or act of aggression" and to take military and nonmilitary action to "restore international peace...
, the Council extended the mandate
Mandate (international law)
In international law, a mandate is a binding obligation issued from an inter-governmental organization like the United Nations to a country which is bound to follow the instructions of the organization....
of the multinational force in Iraq until December 31, 2006, to be reviewed by June 21, 2006. It could be terminated at any time by the request of Iraq. At the same time, arrangements for depositing proceeds from export sales of petroleum
Petroleum
Petroleum or crude oil is a naturally occurring, flammable liquid consisting of a complex mixture of hydrocarbons of various molecular weights and other liquid organic compounds, that are found in geologic formations beneath the Earth's surface. Petroleum is recovered mostly through oil drilling...
, petroleum products, and natural gas
Natural gas
Natural gas is a naturally occurring gas mixture consisting primarily of methane, typically with 0–20% higher hydrocarbons . It is found associated with other hydrocarbon fuel, in coal beds, as methane clathrates, and is an important fuel source and a major feedstock for fertilizers.Most natural...
into the Development Fund for Iraq
Development Fund for Iraq
In May 2003, following the invasion of Iraq in March of that year, the Central Bank of Iraq-Development Fund for Iraq account was created at the U.S. Federal Reserve Bank of New York at the request of the Coalition Provisional Authority Administrator...
, and its monitoring by the International Advisory and Monitoring Board
International Advisory and Monitoring Board
The International Advisory and Monitoring Board was appointed to oversee the Coalition Provisional Authority's disbursements from the humanitarian Development Fund for Iraq. When the CPA was authorized to manage the DFI by United Nations resolution 1483....
, were extended until December 31, 2006.
See also
- Iraq War
- List of United Nations Security Council Resolutions 1601 to 1700 (2005 – 2006)
- United Nations Assistance Mission in IraqUnited Nations Assistance Mission in IraqThe United Nations Assistance Mission in Iraq is an entity that was formed by the United Nations in Security Council Resolution 1500 on 14 August 2003.-Mandate:...