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The Autobiography of Malcolm X

 
The Autobiography of Malcolm X

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The Autobiography of Malcolm X



 
 
The Autobiography of Malcolm X (ISBN 0-345-35068-5) was written by Alex Haley
Alex Haley

Alexander Murray Palmer Haley was an United States writer. He is best known as the author of Roots: The Saga of an American Family and The Autobiography of Malcolm X ....
 between 1964 and 1965, as told to him through conversations with Malcolm conducted shortly before Malcolm X
Malcolm X

Malcolm X , also known as Hajji Malik El-Shabazz , was an African American Muslim minister, public speaker, and human rights activist. To his admirers, he was a courageous advocate for the rights of African Americans, a man who indicted white America in the harshest terms for its crimes against black Americans....
's death (and with an epilogue after it), and published in 1965. The book was named by Time magazine as one of the ten most important nonfiction books of the 20th century.

The screenplay for the 1992 Spike Lee
Spike Lee

Shelton Jackson "Spike" Lee is an Emmy Award-winning and Academy Award-nominated United States film director, Film producer, screenwriter, and actor, noted for his films dealing with controversial Society and Politics issues....
 film Malcolm X
Malcolm X (film)

Malcolm X is a 1992 in film biographical film directed by Spike Lee about the African American activist and black nationalist Malcolm X. The story is based on The Autobiography of Malcolm X as told to Alex Haley....
 was adapted from The Autobiography of Malcolm X.

The book describes Malcolm X's upbringing in Michigan
Michigan

Michigan is a Midwestern United States U.S. state of the United States of America. It was named after Lake Michigan, whose name is a French adaptation of the Anishinaabe language term mishigama, meaning "large water" or "large lake"....
, his maturation to adulthood in Boston and New York
New York City

The City of New York is the List of United States cities by population in the United States, while the New York metropolitan area ranks among the List of urban areas by population....
, his time in prison, his conversion to Islam
Islam

Islam is a Monotheism, Abrahamic religion originating with the teachings of the Prophets of Islam Muhammad, a 7th century Arab religious and political figure....
, his ministry, his travels to Africa
Africa

Africa is the world's second-largest and second most-populous continent, after Asia. At about 30.2 million km? including adjacent islands, it covers 6% of the Earth's total surface area and 20.4% of the total land area....
 and to Mecca
Mecca

Mecca , also spelled Makkah , Makka is a city in Saudi Arabia. Home to the Masjid al-Haram, it is the holy city in Islam and plays an important role in the faith....
, and his subsequent career and eventual assassination at the Audubon Ballroom
Audubon Ballroom

The Audubon Ballroom was a theatre and ballroom located in the Washington Heights, Manhattan neighborhood of Upper Manhattan, north of Harlem....
 near 166th Street and Broadway in New York City.






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Encyclopedia


The Autobiography of Malcolm X (ISBN 0-345-35068-5) was written by Alex Haley
Alex Haley

Alexander Murray Palmer Haley was an United States writer. He is best known as the author of Roots: The Saga of an American Family and The Autobiography of Malcolm X ....
 between 1964 and 1965, as told to him through conversations with Malcolm conducted shortly before Malcolm X
Malcolm X

Malcolm X , also known as Hajji Malik El-Shabazz , was an African American Muslim minister, public speaker, and human rights activist. To his admirers, he was a courageous advocate for the rights of African Americans, a man who indicted white America in the harshest terms for its crimes against black Americans....
's death (and with an epilogue after it), and published in 1965. The book was named by Time magazine as one of the ten most important nonfiction books of the 20th century.

The screenplay for the 1992 Spike Lee
Spike Lee

Shelton Jackson "Spike" Lee is an Emmy Award-winning and Academy Award-nominated United States film director, Film producer, screenwriter, and actor, noted for his films dealing with controversial Society and Politics issues....
 film Malcolm X
Malcolm X (film)

Malcolm X is a 1992 in film biographical film directed by Spike Lee about the African American activist and black nationalist Malcolm X. The story is based on The Autobiography of Malcolm X as told to Alex Haley....
 was adapted from The Autobiography of Malcolm X.

The book describes Malcolm X's upbringing in Michigan
Michigan

Michigan is a Midwestern United States U.S. state of the United States of America. It was named after Lake Michigan, whose name is a French adaptation of the Anishinaabe language term mishigama, meaning "large water" or "large lake"....
, his maturation to adulthood in Boston and New York
New York City

The City of New York is the List of United States cities by population in the United States, while the New York metropolitan area ranks among the List of urban areas by population....
, his time in prison, his conversion to Islam
Islam

Islam is a Monotheism, Abrahamic religion originating with the teachings of the Prophets of Islam Muhammad, a 7th century Arab religious and political figure....
, his ministry, his travels to Africa
Africa

Africa is the world's second-largest and second most-populous continent, after Asia. At about 30.2 million km? including adjacent islands, it covers 6% of the Earth's total surface area and 20.4% of the total land area....
 and to Mecca
Mecca

Mecca , also spelled Makkah , Makka is a city in Saudi Arabia. Home to the Masjid al-Haram, it is the holy city in Islam and plays an important role in the faith....
, and his subsequent career and eventual assassination at the Audubon Ballroom
Audubon Ballroom

The Audubon Ballroom was a theatre and ballroom located in the Washington Heights, Manhattan neighborhood of Upper Manhattan, north of Harlem....
 near 166th Street and Broadway in New York City. The book contains a substantial amount of thought concerning African-American existence.

Haley stated in the documentary Eyes on the Prize
Eyes on the Prize

Eyes on the Prize is a 14-hour documentary series about the African-American Civil Rights Movement . The series was produced in two-stages: Eyes on the Prize: America's Civil Rights Years 1954?1964 consists of the first six episodes covering the time period between the Brown v....
 that it was difficult to write the autobiography because Malcolm X was quite averse to talking about himself and preferred instead to talk about the Nation of Islam.

There are exaggerations and inaccuracies in the book, some of which were acknowledged by Haley. For example, Malcolm X describes an incident in which he pointed a revolver with a single bullet to his head in front of his criminal cohorts and repeatedly pulled the trigger
Russian roulette

Russian roulette is a lethal game of chance in which participants place a single Cartridge in a revolver, spin the cylinder, place the muzzle against their head and pull the trigger....
 in order to show them he was not afraid to die. In the epilogue, Haley writes that when Malcolm was proof-reading the manuscript he told Haley that he had palmed the bullet and staged the act in order to scare the others into obedience.

In 2005 historian Manning Marable
Manning Marable

Manning Marable is an United States professor of public affairs, history and African-American Studies at Columbia University. He founded and directs the Institute for Research in African-American Studies....
, talking about his forthcoming book Malcolm X: A Life of Reinvention, claimed that Haley worked with the FBI while writing the book with Malcolm X. He also talked about the existence of three unpublished chapters of the book.

See also


  • African American literature
    African American literature

    African American literature is the body of literature produced in the United States by writers of African descent. The genre traces its origins to the works of such late 18th century writers as Phillis Wheatley and Olaudah Equiano, reaching early high points with slave narratives and the Harlem Renaissance, and continuing today with author...
  • Malcolm X: Prince of Islam
    Malcolm X: Prince of Islam

    Malcolm X: Prince of Islam is a 2006, 2 DVD disc, English language documentary by Green 72 Media about the life of Malcolm X, or El-Hajj Malik El-Shabazz....
  • Malcolm X: Make It Plain
    Malcolm X: Make It Plain

    Malcolm X: Make It Plain is a 2004, English language documentary by PBS about the life of Malcolm X, or El-Hajj Malik El-Shabazz.The documentary was narrated by Alfre Woodard, produced and directed by Orlando Bagwell, written by Steve Fayer and Orlando Bagwel and co-produced by Judy Richardson....


External links

  • at Random House