Sultan Muhammad (Timurid dynasty)
Encyclopedia
Sultan Muhammad was the Timurid
ruler of Persia
and Fars from around 1447 until his death. He was the son of Baisunqur b. Shah Rukh.
During the last years of Shah Rukh's (died 1447) reign, Sultan Muhammad raised a revolt in the western provinces of the Timurid Empire. Shah Rukh was able to stop the revolt and capture many of its supporters in 1446, but Sultan Muhammad took refuge in Luristan. After Shah Rukh's death, Sultan Muhammad returned from Luristan and from there assumed control of central Persia. Together with his half-brother Abu'l-Qasim Bābur
of Khurasan
and uncle Ulugh Beg
of Transoxiana
, he became one of the three most powerful rulers of the splintering empire.
Sultan Muhammad, eager to expand his domain, soon started a war with Abu'l-Qasim Babur and invaded Khurasan. At first the campaign went well; in 1450 he defeated Abu'l-Qasim at Mashad, following which the latter yielded some of his lands to him. Things soon turned south, however, and he was captured by Abu'l-Qasim, who had him executed. Abu'l-Qasim then took over Sultan Muhammad's territories, but soon lost them to the Qara Qoyunlu Turkmen under Jahan Shah
.
Timurid Dynasty
The Timurids , self-designated Gurkānī , were a Persianate, Central Asian Sunni Muslim dynasty of Turko-Mongol descent whose empire included the whole of Iran, modern Afghanistan, and modern Uzbekistan, as well as large parts of contemporary Pakistan, North India, Mesopotamia, Anatolia and the...
ruler of Persia
Persian Iraq
Persian Iraq , also spelled Persian Irak, is an obsolete term for the central region of Iran, including cities such as Isfahan, Ray, Qazvin, and Kashan. From the 11th to 16th centuries, the term Iraq referred to two distinct regions: Arabian Iraq and Persian Iraq...
and Fars from around 1447 until his death. He was the son of Baisunqur b. Shah Rukh.
During the last years of Shah Rukh's (died 1447) reign, Sultan Muhammad raised a revolt in the western provinces of the Timurid Empire. Shah Rukh was able to stop the revolt and capture many of its supporters in 1446, but Sultan Muhammad took refuge in Luristan. After Shah Rukh's death, Sultan Muhammad returned from Luristan and from there assumed control of central Persia. Together with his half-brother Abu'l-Qasim Bābur
Babur Ibn-Baysunkur
Babur Ibn-Baysunkur , also known as Abu'l-Qasim Bābur, was a Timurid ruler in Khurasan . He was the son of Baysunqar, and thus the a grandson of Shāhrukh Mirzā....
of Khurasan
Greater Khorasan
Greater Khorasan or Ancient Khorasan is a historical region of Greater Iran mentioned in sources from Sassanid and Islamic eras which "frequently" had a denotation wider than current three provinces of Khorasan in Iran...
and uncle Ulugh Beg
Ulugh Beg
Ulugh Bek was a Timurid ruler as well as an astronomer, mathematician and sultan. His commonly-known name is not truly a personal name, but rather a moniker, which can be loosely translated as "Great Ruler" or "Patriarch Ruler" and was the Turkic equivalent of Timur's Perso-Arabic title Amīr-e...
of Transoxiana
Transoxiana
Transoxiana is the ancient name used for the portion of Central Asia corresponding approximately with modern-day Uzbekistan, Tajikistan, southern Kyrgystan and southwest Kazakhstan. Geographically, it is the region between the Amu Darya and Syr Darya rivers...
, he became one of the three most powerful rulers of the splintering empire.
Sultan Muhammad, eager to expand his domain, soon started a war with Abu'l-Qasim Babur and invaded Khurasan. At first the campaign went well; in 1450 he defeated Abu'l-Qasim at Mashad, following which the latter yielded some of his lands to him. Things soon turned south, however, and he was captured by Abu'l-Qasim, who had him executed. Abu'l-Qasim then took over Sultan Muhammad's territories, but soon lost them to the Qara Qoyunlu Turkmen under Jahan Shah
Jahan Shah
Muzaffar al-Din Jahan Shah ibn Yusuf was the leader of the Kara Koyunlu Turkmen tribal federation in Azerbaijan and Arran who reigned c.1438-1467. During his reign he managed to expand the Kara Koyunlu’s territory to its largest extent, including Western Anatolia, most of present day Iraq,...
.