Special Council of the USSR NKVD (Особое Совещание при НКВД СССР,
ОСО) was created by the same decree of Sovnarkom of July 10, 1934 that introduced the
NKVDThe People's Commissariat for Internal Affairs The People's Commissariat for Internal Affairs The People's Commissariat for Internal Affairs was the public and secret police organization of the Soviet Union that directly executed the rule of power of the Soviets, including...
itself. By the decree, the Special Council was endowed with the rights to apply punishments "
by administrative meansBy administrative means was an expression in use in the Soviet Union applied to the cases when some actions that normally required a court decision were left to the decision of executive bodies .With respect to the imprisonment and deportation of individuals this meant extrajudicial punishment.See...
," i.e., without trial. In other words, the term "by administrative means" actually refers to
extrajudicial punishmentExtrajudicial punishment is punishment by the state or some other official authority without the permission of a court or legal authority. The existence of extrajudicial punishment is considered proof that some governments will break their own legal code if deemed necessary.-Nature:Extrajudicial...
.
The following types of punishment were put to the disposal of the Special Council by this decree:
banishmentBanishment may refer to* The Banishment, a 2008 film by Andrey Zvyagintsev* Exile...
(высылка) (from the place of residence),
exileExile means to be away from one's home , while either being explicitly refused permission to return and/or being threatened by prison or death upon return...
(ссылка) (to remote regions), corrective labor camps up to 5 years and
deportationDeportation means the expulsion of a person or group of people from a place or country. The expulsion of natives is also called banishment, exile, or penal transportation. Deportation is an ancient practice: Khosrau I, Sassanid King of Persia, deported 292,000 citizens, slaves, and conquered people...
(высылка) from the USSR.
In 1937 during the
Great PurgeGreat Purge was a series of campaigns of political repression and persecution in the Soviet Union orchestrated by Joseph Stalin in 1937–1938. It involved a large-scale purge of the Communist Party and Government officials, repression of peasants, Red Army leadership, and the persecution of...
the Special Council was allowed to sentence to imprisonment up to 8 years.
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Special Council of the USSR NKVD (Особое Совещание при НКВД СССР,
ОСО) was created by the same decree of Sovnarkom of July 10, 1934 that introduced the
NKVDThe People's Commissariat for Internal Affairs The People's Commissariat for Internal Affairs The People's Commissariat for Internal Affairs was the public and secret police organization of the Soviet Union that directly executed the rule of power of the Soviets, including...
itself. By the decree, the Special Council was endowed with the rights to apply punishments "
by administrative meansBy administrative means was an expression in use in the Soviet Union applied to the cases when some actions that normally required a court decision were left to the decision of executive bodies .With respect to the imprisonment and deportation of individuals this meant extrajudicial punishment.See...
," i.e., without trial. In other words, the term "by administrative means" actually refers to
extrajudicial punishmentExtrajudicial punishment is punishment by the state or some other official authority without the permission of a court or legal authority. The existence of extrajudicial punishment is considered proof that some governments will break their own legal code if deemed necessary.-Nature:Extrajudicial...
.
The following types of punishment were put to the disposal of the Special Council by this decree:
banishmentBanishment may refer to* The Banishment, a 2008 film by Andrey Zvyagintsev* Exile...
(высылка) (from the place of residence),
exileExile means to be away from one's home , while either being explicitly refused permission to return and/or being threatened by prison or death upon return...
(ссылка) (to remote regions), corrective labor camps up to 5 years and
deportationDeportation means the expulsion of a person or group of people from a place or country. The expulsion of natives is also called banishment, exile, or penal transportation. Deportation is an ancient practice: Khosrau I, Sassanid King of Persia, deported 292,000 citizens, slaves, and conquered people...
(высылка) from the USSR.
In 1937 during the
Great PurgeGreat Purge was a series of campaigns of political repression and persecution in the Soviet Union orchestrated by Joseph Stalin in 1937–1938. It involved a large-scale purge of the Communist Party and Government officials, repression of peasants, Red Army leadership, and the persecution of...
the Special Council was allowed to sentence to imprisonment up to 8 years. In 1941 after the beginning of the war with Germany the Special Council was allowed to sentence to imprisonment up to 25 years or to
deathBoth the legal and moral status of Capital punishment in Russia are currently controversial. There exists both an implicit moratorium established by the President and an explicit one, established by the nation's highest court; however, the latter is due to expire early in 2010...
. After the end of the war the Special Council was not allowed to sentence to death, the maximum available punishment was 25 years of imprisonment.
When NKVD was renamed, the Special Council remained within the corresponding organization, e.g., as
Special Council of MGB, etc.
It was abolished in September 1953, shortly after the death of
Joseph StalinJoseph Stalin was the General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union's Central Committee from 1922 until his death in 1953...
.