Sinforosa Amador
Encyclopedia
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Presidio of San Francisco
The Presidio of San Francisco is a park on the northern tip of the San Francisco Peninsula in San Francisco, California, within the Golden Gate National Recreation Area...
(in the present city of San Francisco, California, USA) on July 18, 1788 and was baptized at "Misión de Nuestro Seráfico Padre San Francisco", later known as Mission Dolores.
She died in Xalapa
Xalapa
Xalapa-Enríquez, commonly Xalapa or Jalapa, is the capital city of the Mexican state of Veracruz and the name of the surrounding municipality. In the year 2005 census the city reported a population of 387,879 and the municipality of which it serves as municipal seat reported a population of...
, Veracruz
Veracruz
Veracruz, formally Veracruz de Ignacio de la Llave officially Estado Libre y Soberano de Veracruz de Ignacio de la Llave , is one of the 31 states that, along with the Federal District, comprise the 32 federative entities of Mexico. It is divided in 212 municipalities and its capital city is...
, México
Mexico
The United Mexican States , commonly known as Mexico , is a federal constitutional republic in North America. It is bordered on the north by the United States; on the south and west by the Pacific Ocean; on the southeast by Guatemala, Belize, and the Caribbean Sea; and on the east by the Gulf of...
on December 10, 1841.
In large measure, it was due to Sinforosa that Xalapa became known as The Athens of Veracruz, since she was the first woman who, from the early 19th century, carried to Xalapa the cultural heritage of European Jesuit missionaries (from Antigua California), that she had received from her mother Ramona.
Amador county in California
California
California is a state located on the West Coast of the United States. It is by far the most populous U.S. state, and the third-largest by land area...
was named to honor the memory of her younger brother, José María Amador.
Her parents
Cocula
Cocula is a town and municipality in the Mexican state of Jalisco. It is located 35 miles southwest of Guadalajara, on Mexico Highway 80. It sits at an elevation of 4,460 ft . According to the 2010 census, the population of the municipality was 26,174 with 14,548 inhabitants living in city...
, Reino de Nueva Galicia
Nueva Galicia
El Nuevo Reino de Galicia or Nueva Galicia was an autonomous kingdom of the Viceroyalty of New Spain. It was named after Galicia in Spain...
, now Jalisco
Jalisco
Jalisco officially Estado Libre y Soberano de Jalisco is one of the 31 states which, with the Federal District, comprise the 32 Federal Entities of Mexico. It is located in Western Mexico and divided in 125 municipalities and its capital city is Guadalajara.It is one of the more important states...
, México
Mexico
The United Mexican States , commonly known as Mexico , is a federal constitutional republic in North America. It is bordered on the north by the United States; on the south and west by the Pacific Ocean; on the southeast by Guatemala, Belize, and the Caribbean Sea; and on the east by the Gulf of...
, died at the pueblo de San José
San Jose, California
San Jose is the third-largest city in California, the tenth-largest in the U.S., and the county seat of Santa Clara County which is located at the southern end of San Francisco Bay...
, California
California
California is a state located on the West Coast of the United States. It is by far the most populous U.S. state, and the third-largest by land area...
and was buried in Mission Santa Clara
Mission Santa Clara de Asís
Mission Santa Clara de Asís was founded on January 12, 1777 and named for Santa Clara de Asis , the foundress of the order of the Poor Clares. Although ruined and rebuilt six times, the settlement was never abandoned.-History:...
, when California was still part of México, that had only just won its independence from Spain.
Ramona Noriega (ca.1760-1802) was born in Misión de Nuestra Señora de Loreto Conchó
Misión de Nuestra Señora de Loreto Conchó
Misión de Nuestra Señora de Loreto Conchó, or Mission Loreto, was founded on October 25, 1697 at the Monqui settlement of Conchó in the present city of Loreto, Baja California Sur, Mexico...
de las Californias, Nueva España, died also at the Pueblo of San José and was buried at Mission Santa Clara.
mtDNA analysis
Recent studies (2010) by Dr. John R. Johnson of the Anthropology Department at the Santa Barbara Museum of Natural History have determined, based on saliva analysis of a matrilineal descendant, that Sinforosa belonged to Haplogroup A (mtDNA)Haplogroup A (mtDNA)
In human mitochondrial genetics, Haplogroup A is a human mitochondrial DNA haplogroup.-Origin:Haplogroup A is believed to have arisen in Asia some 30,000-50,000 years before present...
, specifically to haplotype A26.
| Location | Mutation | Cambridge Reference Sequence (CRS) |
|---|---|---|
| 16 092 | C | T |
| 16 111 | T | C |
| 16 223 | T | C |
| 16 290 | T | C |
| 16 319 | A | G |
| 16 362 | C | T |
Marriages
- In 1800, at the chappel of the Presidio, near Mission Dolores, in Alta CaliforniaAlta CaliforniaAlta California was a province and territory in the Viceroyalty of New Spain and later a territory and department in independent Mexico. The territory was created in 1769 out of the northern part of the former province of Las Californias, and consisted of the modern American states of California,...
to "artillero" Miguel Mendoza (ca.1780- ca.1813) of the "Primera Compañía Franca de Voluntarios de Cataluña".
- For the second time, when she became a widow: in 1814, in Xalapa, to Doctor José María Pérez who had arrived in México from CubaCubaThe Republic of Cuba is an island nation in the Caribbean. The nation of Cuba consists of the main island of Cuba, the Isla de la Juventud, and several archipelagos. Havana is the largest city in Cuba and the country's capital. Santiago de Cuba is the second largest city...
, with the Real Expedición Filantrópica de la VacunaBalmis ExpeditionThe Balmis Expedition was a three year mission to the Americas led by Dr Francisco Javier de Balmis with the aim of giving thousands the smallpox vaccine. He set off from La Coruña on 30 November 1803...
of doctor Francisco Javier de BalmisFrancisco Javier de BalmisFrancisco Javier de Balmis was a Spanish physician who headed an 1804 expedition to Spanish America to vaccinate the populations against smallpox....
.
Historical environment
(1788) She was born under the Spanish crown (as "criolla")) in the Nueva CaliforniaAlta California
Alta California was a province and territory in the Viceroyalty of New Spain and later a territory and department in independent Mexico. The territory was created in 1769 out of the northern part of the former province of Las Californias, and consisted of the modern American states of California,...
, Nueva España.
(1800) She was married in Nueva (Alta) California, Nueva España; with a "criollo", had several children; became a widow.
(1814) She married for the second time in Xalapa, in the province of Veracruz, Nueva España; to a Cuban doctor;, had some more children.
(1815–1840) She lived in times of the war for the Mexican Independence; in the first Mexican empire of Iturbide
Iturbide
Iturbide may refer to:*Iturbide *House of Iturbide, royal house of Mexico**Agustín I of Mexico*Iturbide Bridge, a locale of the Tampico Affair*Villa de Hidalgo, San Luis Potosí...
); during the first Mexican republic of Guadalupe Victoria
Guadalupe Victoria
Guadalupe Victoria born José Miguel Ramón Adaucto Fernández y Félix, was a Mexican politician and military man who fought for independence against the Spanish Empire in the Mexican War of Independence. He was a deputy for Durango and a member of the Supreme Executive Power...
), the first French intervention of the Guerra de los Pasteles
Pastry War
The Pastry War was an invasion of Mexico by French forces in 1838.-Background:The war arose from the widespread civil disorder that plagued the early years of the Mexican republic. In 1828, President Manuel Gómez Pedraza ejected Lorenzo de Zavala from the office of governor of the state of México...
and the years of internal strife for the presidency.
(1841) She died in Jalapa (that was then spelled with a "J") in times of a mutilated federal republic, after Texas had won its independence and both Yucatán
Yucatán
Yucatán officially Estado Libre y Soberano de Yucatán is one of the 31 states which, with the Federal District, comprise the 32 Federal Entities of Mexico. It is divided in 106 municipalities and its capital city is Mérida....
and Zacatecas
Zacatecas
Zacatecas officially Estado Libre y Soberano de Zacatecas is one of the 31 states which, with the Federal District, comprise the 32 Federal Entities of Mexico. It is divided in 58 municipalities and its capital city is Zacatecas....
had declared their independence from the central regime then headed by Santa Anna
Antonio López de Santa Anna
Antonio de Padua María Severino López de Santa Anna y Pérez de Lebrón , often known as Santa Anna or López de Santa Anna, known as "the Napoleon of the West," was a Mexican political leader, general, and president who greatly influenced early Mexican and Spanish politics and government...
.
Descendants
- From her first marriage to Miguel Mendoza (in 1800):
- Juana Mendoza Amador (1802–1883, born in the Presidio of San Francisco and died in Xalapa)
- Ángela (ca. 1806-1845)
- José María
- Miguel
- Manuel R.
- From her second marriage to Dr. José María Pérez (in 1814):
- Montserrat Pérez Amador (1815–1885)
- Juan Antonio
- Juan José (1826–1885)
Juan José Pérez Amador (youngest son of Sinforosa) married Sofía Rivera Mendoza (his half niece, since Sofía was the daughter of his sister Ángela from her marriage to Antonio María de Rivera (1801–1874), founder of the Colegio Preparatorio .
The descendants of Juan José and Sofía are numerous well-known families, some of which continue to live in Xalapa. Among them:
- Pérez Rivera
- Pérez Carsi
- Pérez Oronoz
- Domínguez Pérez
- Muñoz Pérez
- Murillo Pérez
- Mendoza Pérez
- Quirós Pérez - one such member was Concepción Quirós Pérez (1844–1909), founder (in 1881) and first director of the Escuela Superior para Señoritas (school for girls) in Xalapa that carries her name .
- Güido Quirós-Pérez
- Palazuelos Pérez-Oronoz
- López-Silanes Pérez-Oronoz
Sources
- Registry of baptisms and marriages of the Mission Dolores in San Francisco, California, of Mission Santa Clara (en San José, California, and of the Xalapa CathedralXalapa CathedralXalapa Cathedral or in full, Catedral Metropolitana de la Immaculada Concepción de Xalapa is a Roman Catholic cathedral in the city of Xalapa, Veracruz, in eastern Mexico...
. - Personal files of Carmen Boone Canovas.