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The Shabaka Stone is a relic from the Twenty-fifth Dynasty of Egypt
Twenty-fifth dynasty of Egypt

The Twenty-Fifth Dynasty of Egypt, also known as the Ethiopian or Nubian dynasty, was a line of rulers originating in the Kingdom of Kush. They reigned in part or all of Ancient Egypt from 760 BC to 656 BC.....
. It is a stone slab measuring 66 cm in height and 137 cm in width and was incised with the remaining hieroglyphs
Egyptian hieroglyphs

Egyptian hieroglyphs was a formal writing system used by the ancient Egyptians that contained a combination of logographic and alphabetic elements....
 of a worm-ridden, decaying papyrus
Papyrus

Papyrus is a thick paper material produced from the pith of the papyrus plant, Cyperus papyrus, a wetland Cyperaceae that was once abundant in the Nile Delta of Egypt....
. This papyrus was found as pharaoh Shabaka
Shabaka

Shabaka was a Kushite pharaoh of the Twenty-fifth dynasty of Egypt, between . He succeeded his brother Piye on the throne, and adopted the throne name of the 6th-dynasty ruler Pepi II....
 was inspecting the temple of Ptah
Ptah

In Egyptian mythology, Ptah was the deification of the primordial mound in the Ennead cosmogony, which was more literally referred to as Ta-tenen , meaning risen land, or as Tanen, meaning submerged land....
 in Memphis, Egypt
Memphis, Egypt

Memphis was the ancient capital of the first Nome of Lower Egypt, and of the Old Kingdom of Egypt from its foundation until around 2200 BC and later for shorter periods during the New Kingdom, and an administrative centre throughout ancient history....
.

The Pharaoh Shabaka, concerned about the loss of the information on the papyrus, had the rest of the text written into this stone.






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The Shabaka Stone is a relic from the Twenty-fifth Dynasty of Egypt
Twenty-fifth dynasty of Egypt

The Twenty-Fifth Dynasty of Egypt, also known as the Ethiopian or Nubian dynasty, was a line of rulers originating in the Kingdom of Kush. They reigned in part or all of Ancient Egypt from 760 BC to 656 BC.....
. It is a stone slab measuring 66 cm in height and 137 cm in width and was incised with the remaining hieroglyphs
Egyptian hieroglyphs

Egyptian hieroglyphs was a formal writing system used by the ancient Egyptians that contained a combination of logographic and alphabetic elements....
 of a worm-ridden, decaying papyrus
Papyrus

Papyrus is a thick paper material produced from the pith of the papyrus plant, Cyperus papyrus, a wetland Cyperaceae that was once abundant in the Nile Delta of Egypt....
. This papyrus was found as pharaoh Shabaka
Shabaka

Shabaka was a Kushite pharaoh of the Twenty-fifth dynasty of Egypt, between . He succeeded his brother Piye on the throne, and adopted the throne name of the 6th-dynasty ruler Pepi II....
 was inspecting the temple of Ptah
Ptah

In Egyptian mythology, Ptah was the deification of the primordial mound in the Ennead cosmogony, which was more literally referred to as Ta-tenen , meaning risen land, or as Tanen, meaning submerged land....
 in Memphis, Egypt
Memphis, Egypt

Memphis was the ancient capital of the first Nome of Lower Egypt, and of the Old Kingdom of Egypt from its foundation until around 2200 BC and later for shorter periods during the New Kingdom, and an administrative centre throughout ancient history....
.

The Pharaoh Shabaka, concerned about the loss of the information on the papyrus, had the rest of the text written into this stone. However, in later years, the stone was used as a millstone and so some of the hieroglyphics were damaged. Nevertheless, it has been a fruitful source of insight into the culture and religious doctrines of the ancient Egyptians.

The Shabaka Stone is also noteworthy in that it places Ptah as the center of existence and as the creator god. It is the principal surviving source of the Memphite theology in Ancient Egyptian culture.