All Topics  
Separase

 

 
   Email Print
   Bookmark   Link
 

 

Separase
 
 
  Topics Separase Topic Home

Separase is a cysteine
Cysteine

Cysteine is an a-amino acid with the chemical formula HO2CCHCH2SH. It is a non-essential amino acid, which means that humans can synthesize it....
 protease
Protease

A protease is any enzyme that conducts proteolysis, that is, begins protein catabolism by hydrolysis of the peptide bonds that link amino acids together in the polypeptide chain, which form a molecule of protein....
 responsible for triggering anaphase
Anaphase

Anaphase, is from the ancient Greek ??? and f?s?? , is the stage of mitosis when chromosomes separate in a eukaryote cell . Each chromatid moves to opposite poles of the cell, the opposite ends of the mitotic spindle, near the microtubule organizing centers....
 by hydrolysing cohesin
Cohesin

Cohesin is the protein complex responsible for binding the sister chromatids during synthesis through the G2 phase and into mitosis phase. It is a multi-subunit complex which contains four core subunits: Smc1 and Smc3, which are members of the structural maintenance of chromosomes protein family, and two non-SMC subunits, Scc1 which is a me...
 which is the protein
Protein

Proteins are organic compounds made of amino acids arranged in a linear chain and joined together by peptide bonds between the carboxyl and amino groups of adjacent amino acid Residue ....
 responsible for binding sister chromatid
Chromatid

A chromatid is one among the two identical copies of DNA making up a replicated chromosome, which are joined at their centromeres, for the process of cell division ....
s during metaphase
Metaphase

Metaphase, from the ancient Greek ?et? and f?s?? , is a stage of mitosis in the Eukaryote cell cycle in which condensed chromosomes, carrying DNA sequence, align in the middle of the cell before being separated into each of the two daughter cells....
.

When the cell is not dividing, separase is prevented from cleaving
Cleave

Cleave could refer to:*Cleave, an Austrian alternative rock band.*Cleave, a Japanese hardcore punk band.*Cleave, , to adhere or to split....
 cohesin through its association with another protein, securin
Securin

Securin is a protein involved in anaphase triggering. It has two identified roles; the first one is to help the transport of separase to the Cell nucleus and the second role is to inhibit the catalytic activity of separase....
. On the signal for anaphase, the securin is ubiquitinated and hydrolysed, releasing active separase.

is a separin
Separase

Separase is a cysteine protease responsible for triggering anaphase by hydrolysing cohesin which is the protein responsible for binding sister chromatids during metaphase....
 protein
Protein

Proteins are organic compounds made of amino acids arranged in a linear chain and joined together by peptide bonds between the carboxyl and amino groups of adjacent amino acid Residue ....
 that cleaves the cohesin
Cohesin

Cohesin is the protein complex responsible for binding the sister chromatids during synthesis through the G2 phase and into mitosis phase. It is a multi-subunit complex which contains four core subunits: Smc1 and Smc3, which are members of the structural maintenance of chromosomes protein family, and two non-SMC subunits, Scc1 which is a me...
 subunit Scc1, thus allowing sister chromatids
Sister chromatids

Sister chromatids are identical copies of a chromosome connected by a centromere. Compare sister chromatids to homologous chromosome, which are the two different copies of the same chromosome that diploid organisms inherit, one from each parent....
 to separate at the onset of anaphase during mitosis
Mitosis

Mitosis is the process in which a eukaryotic cell separates the chromosomes in its cell nucleus, into two identical sets in two daughter nuclei....
.






Discussion
Ask a question about 'Separase'
Start a new discussion about 'Separase'
Answer questions from other users
Full Discussion Forum



Encyclopedia


Separase is a cysteine
Cysteine

Cysteine is an a-amino acid with the chemical formula HO2CCHCH2SH. It is a non-essential amino acid, which means that humans can synthesize it....
 protease
Protease

A protease is any enzyme that conducts proteolysis, that is, begins protein catabolism by hydrolysis of the peptide bonds that link amino acids together in the polypeptide chain, which form a molecule of protein....
 responsible for triggering anaphase
Anaphase

Anaphase, is from the ancient Greek ??? and f?s?? , is the stage of mitosis when chromosomes separate in a eukaryote cell . Each chromatid moves to opposite poles of the cell, the opposite ends of the mitotic spindle, near the microtubule organizing centers....
 by hydrolysing cohesin
Cohesin

Cohesin is the protein complex responsible for binding the sister chromatids during synthesis through the G2 phase and into mitosis phase. It is a multi-subunit complex which contains four core subunits: Smc1 and Smc3, which are members of the structural maintenance of chromosomes protein family, and two non-SMC subunits, Scc1 which is a me...
 which is the protein
Protein

Proteins are organic compounds made of amino acids arranged in a linear chain and joined together by peptide bonds between the carboxyl and amino groups of adjacent amino acid Residue ....
 responsible for binding sister chromatid
Chromatid

A chromatid is one among the two identical copies of DNA making up a replicated chromosome, which are joined at their centromeres, for the process of cell division ....
s during metaphase
Metaphase

Metaphase, from the ancient Greek ?et? and f?s?? , is a stage of mitosis in the Eukaryote cell cycle in which condensed chromosomes, carrying DNA sequence, align in the middle of the cell before being separated into each of the two daughter cells....
.

When the cell is not dividing, separase is prevented from cleaving
Cleave

Cleave could refer to:*Cleave, an Austrian alternative rock band.*Cleave, a Japanese hardcore punk band.*Cleave, , to adhere or to split....
 cohesin through its association with another protein, securin
Securin

Securin is a protein involved in anaphase triggering. It has two identified roles; the first one is to help the transport of separase to the Cell nucleus and the second role is to inhibit the catalytic activity of separase....
. On the signal for anaphase, the securin is ubiquitinated and hydrolysed, releasing active separase.

Esp1

Esp1 is a separin
Separase

Separase is a cysteine protease responsible for triggering anaphase by hydrolysing cohesin which is the protein responsible for binding sister chromatids during metaphase....
 protein
Protein

Proteins are organic compounds made of amino acids arranged in a linear chain and joined together by peptide bonds between the carboxyl and amino groups of adjacent amino acid Residue ....
 that cleaves the cohesin
Cohesin

Cohesin is the protein complex responsible for binding the sister chromatids during synthesis through the G2 phase and into mitosis phase. It is a multi-subunit complex which contains four core subunits: Smc1 and Smc3, which are members of the structural maintenance of chromosomes protein family, and two non-SMC subunits, Scc1 which is a me...
 subunit Scc1, thus allowing sister chromatids
Sister chromatids

Sister chromatids are identical copies of a chromosome connected by a centromere. Compare sister chromatids to homologous chromosome, which are the two different copies of the same chromosome that diploid organisms inherit, one from each parent....
 to separate at the onset of anaphase during mitosis
Mitosis

Mitosis is the process in which a eukaryotic cell separates the chromosomes in its cell nucleus, into two identical sets in two daughter nuclei....
. Esp1 is coded by esp1-1 and is regulated by the securin
Securin

Securin is a protein involved in anaphase triggering. It has two identified roles; the first one is to help the transport of separase to the Cell nucleus and the second role is to inhibit the catalytic activity of separase....
 Pds1. During mitosis, sister chromatids comprise the duplicated genetic material of a dividing cell. The two sister chromatids are bound together up until the beginning of anaphase, at which point the mitotic spindle
Mitotic spindle

In cell biology, the spindle apparatus is the structure that separates the chromosomes into the daughter cells during cell division. It is part of the cytoskeleton in eukaryote....
 pulls the two sister chromatids apart, leaving each of the two daughter cells with an equivalent number of sister chromatids. The proteins which bind to the two sister chromatids, disallowing any premature sister chromatid separation, are apart of the cohesin
Cohesin

Cohesin is the protein complex responsible for binding the sister chromatids during synthesis through the G2 phase and into mitosis phase. It is a multi-subunit complex which contains four core subunits: Smc1 and Smc3, which are members of the structural maintenance of chromosomes protein family, and two non-SMC subunits, Scc1 which is a me...
 protein family. One of these cohesin proteins crucial for sister chromatid cohesion is Scc1. For proper onset of anaphase, the protein Esp1 cleaves Scc1, thus allowing the sister chromatids to separate.

While Esp1 was initially dubbed a separin protein, it is now thought to be a protease
Protease

A protease is any enzyme that conducts proteolysis, that is, begins protein catabolism by hydrolysis of the peptide bonds that link amino acids together in the polypeptide chain, which form a molecule of protein....
, on account of its catalytic function. Because of this, Esp1 is thought to be in the separase
Separase

Separase is a cysteine protease responsible for triggering anaphase by hydrolysing cohesin which is the protein responsible for binding sister chromatids during metaphase....
 family.

The role of Esp1 was discovered by Frank Uhlmann, Friedrick Lottspeich, and Kim Nasmyth
Kim Nasmyth

Professor Kim Nasmyth Fellow of the Royal Society is the Whitley Professor of Biochemistry and the Head of the Department of Biochemistry of the University of Oxford....
 in their paper "Sister-chromatids separation at anaphase-onset is promoted by cleavage of the cohesin subunit Scc1" which was published in the July 1999 issue of Nature.

External links