Salaulim Dam
Encyclopedia
The Salaulim Dam located on the Salaulim River, a tributary of the Zuari River
in Goa
, India
, is an integral component of the Salaulim Irrigation Project which envisages benefits of irrigation and drinking water supply. The dam is a composite earth-cum-masonry dam of 42.7 metres (140.1 ft) height with a water spread area of 24 km² (9.3 sq mi). It was initially planned to provide irrigation to an ultimate potential of 14326 hectares (35,400.3 acre) and water supply of 160 million litres per day (MLD) to South Goa
; the water supply component for domestic and industrial use is now increased to 380 MLD. The initial cost of the project when approved in 1971 was Rs. 9.61 crore, which, as of 2007, is estimated to cost Rs 170 crores. Construction of the project was however started in 1976, the dam was completed in 2000 and the irrigation component is under final stages of completion having achieved an irrigation potential of 9,537 ha, as of 2007.
town, in the Zuari River Basin, which is drained by the Zuari River which in turn is formed after the confluence of Selaulim (also spelled Salaulim) and Uguem Rivers in Sanguem Taluk
. The Salauilm dam is located on the Selaulim River (also known as Sanguem) near the Sanguem town. The river drains a catchment area of 227 km² (87.6 sq mi).
Submergence
The reservoir submergence involved 20 villages which were partially or fully submerged. 3000 people were displaced and resettled. Mining areas were also submerged for which compensation was provided. Apart from submergence of villages, the 2.5 metres (8.2 ft) tall figure of Mother Goddess (dated to 5th century BC), a 16 tonne image, which was to come under the submergence village of Curdi
(Kurdi) in Sanguem taluk was relocated at Verna. Another temple, archaeologically dated to the 10th–11th century of the Kadamaba period, at Kurdi, Angod, which was falling under the submergence area of Salauli Reservoir, was also relocated to a site 17 kilometres (10.6 mi) away. The relocation was done by dismantling of the original temple and then reassembling it at the new location after methodically numbering each stone, over a period of 11 years.
Seismicity
Following an earthquake
in the project area (which lasted for 5 seconds and had no effect on the safety of the dam), a proposal has been mooted to install a seismograph near Selaulim dam (location 5 kilometres (3.1 mi) from the Sanguem town) to monitor any tectonic activity in the area.
Irrigation system
The irrigation system of the project was planned to irrigate lands in Sanguem, Quepum and Salceto taluks (to grow sugar cane to meet the needs of Goa’s first sugar mill). The canal, which takes off from the dam is on the left bank, known as the "Left Bank Main Canal" which is 25.73 kilometres (16 mi) long, and is designed to carry a discharge of 13.6 cubic metres (480.3 cu ft)/s. It has a network of distributary canals and minor canals to provide irrigation to an ultimate potential of 14326 hectares (35,400.3 acre). As originally planned, the main canal had distributary canals D1,D2-D3 (combined off taking from the main canal at chainage 17.05 kilometres (10.6 mi)), minor canals M1, M2 and M3, which are all completed. However, the length of two of the distributary canals (D2 and D3) has been curtailed thus reducing the irrigation command by 4680 hectares (11,564.5 acre). The water thus saved is proposed to be used for increasing the water supply for domestic and industrial users by about 220 MLD. The total irrigation potential created is 14106 hectares (34,856.7 acre)(ultimate potential) of which the CCA is 9537 hectares (23,566.4 acre). As a part of the command area development, 28 Water Users Associations (WUAs) have been instituted and out of these, 15 WUAs have been given control over the water distribution networks.
Other benefits
In the vicinity of the Salaulim dam area, proposals were mooted to set up a health centre with a modern hospital with 300 beds, along with a nature park and a botanical garden. The Botanical Garden was planned by the Goa Forest Department, patterned on the Brindavan Gardens
in Mysore, involving landscaping and ornamental plantation.
Fish is an important factor in the life of Goa
ns and in this context the reservoir area of Salaulim and Anjunem Irrigation projects have also provided livelihood opportunities for the fishing community. Fish seed farming was started in the fresh water lake of Selaulim for fish production.
Zuari River
The Zuari River is the largest river in the state of Goa, India. It is a tidal river with a total length of 34 kilometres. The Zuari originates at Hemad-Barshem in the Western Ghats. The Zuari is also referred to as the Aghanashani in the interior regions...
in Goa
Goa
Goa , a former Portuguese colony, is India's smallest state by area and the fourth smallest by population. Located in South West India in the region known as the Konkan, it is bounded by the state of Maharashtra to the north, and by Karnataka to the east and south, while the Arabian Sea forms its...
, India
India
India , officially the Republic of India , is a country in South Asia. It is the seventh-largest country by geographical area, the second-most populous country with over 1.2 billion people, and the most populous democracy in the world...
, is an integral component of the Salaulim Irrigation Project which envisages benefits of irrigation and drinking water supply. The dam is a composite earth-cum-masonry dam of 42.7 metres (140.1 ft) height with a water spread area of 24 km² (9.3 sq mi). It was initially planned to provide irrigation to an ultimate potential of 14326 hectares (35,400.3 acre) and water supply of 160 million litres per day (MLD) to South Goa
South Goa
South Goa is one of the two districts that comprise the state of Goa, India. The district has an area of 1,966 km² and a population of 586,591...
; the water supply component for domestic and industrial use is now increased to 380 MLD. The initial cost of the project when approved in 1971 was Rs. 9.61 crore, which, as of 2007, is estimated to cost Rs 170 crores. Construction of the project was however started in 1976, the dam was completed in 2000 and the irrigation component is under final stages of completion having achieved an irrigation potential of 9,537 ha, as of 2007.
Geography
The project is located at Sirga about 5 km from the SanguemSanguem
Sanguem is a city and a municipal council in South Goa district in the Indian state of Goa.Notable landmarks include the Sagameshwar Temple, Bhagwan Mahaveer Sanctuary and Mollem National Park and the Salaulim Dam.-Geography:...
town, in the Zuari River Basin, which is drained by the Zuari River which in turn is formed after the confluence of Selaulim (also spelled Salaulim) and Uguem Rivers in Sanguem Taluk
Sanguem taluk
Sanguem taluk is a comunidade of Goa, India.-External links:*...
. The Salauilm dam is located on the Selaulim River (also known as Sanguem) near the Sanguem town. The river drains a catchment area of 227 km² (87.6 sq mi).
Project features
The dam is a composite structure of earth-cum-masonry type of 42.7 metres (140.1 ft) height above the deepest foundation level. The length of dam at the crest is 1004 metres (3,294 ft) and the reservoir water spread area (within Goa without inter-state implications) is 24 km² (9.3 sq mi). The dam structure has a volume content of 2.714 Million cubic meter (Mm3). The gross storage capacity of the reservoir is 234.361 Mm3 with the live or effective storage capacity fixed at 227.157 Mm3. The spillway which is of the unique Duckbill type (Morning Glory type) is an ungated structure located in the gorge section with a length of 44 metres (144.4 ft) which is designed to pass an estimated Design Flood Discharge of 1450 cubic metres (51,206.3 cu ft)/s. Out the total live storage of about 227 Mm3, 126 Mm3 is for irrigation and the balance 101 Mm3 is earmarked for domestic and industrial water use. As a result, 220 MLD of water is available for industrial and domestic use in South Goa, in addition to 160 MLD originally provided in the approved project.Submergence
The reservoir submergence involved 20 villages which were partially or fully submerged. 3000 people were displaced and resettled. Mining areas were also submerged for which compensation was provided. Apart from submergence of villages, the 2.5 metres (8.2 ft) tall figure of Mother Goddess (dated to 5th century BC), a 16 tonne image, which was to come under the submergence village of Curdi
Curdi
Kurdi or Curdi is a census town in Sanguem taluka, South Goa district in the state of Goa, IndiaCurdi is also coincidentally the Italian word for the Kurds -References:...
(Kurdi) in Sanguem taluk was relocated at Verna. Another temple, archaeologically dated to the 10th–11th century of the Kadamaba period, at Kurdi, Angod, which was falling under the submergence area of Salauli Reservoir, was also relocated to a site 17 kilometres (10.6 mi) away. The relocation was done by dismantling of the original temple and then reassembling it at the new location after methodically numbering each stone, over a period of 11 years.
Seismicity
Following an earthquake
Earthquake
An earthquake is the result of a sudden release of energy in the Earth's crust that creates seismic waves. The seismicity, seismism or seismic activity of an area refers to the frequency, type and size of earthquakes experienced over a period of time...
in the project area (which lasted for 5 seconds and had no effect on the safety of the dam), a proposal has been mooted to install a seismograph near Selaulim dam (location 5 kilometres (3.1 mi) from the Sanguem town) to monitor any tectonic activity in the area.
Irrigation system
The irrigation system of the project was planned to irrigate lands in Sanguem, Quepum and Salceto taluks (to grow sugar cane to meet the needs of Goa’s first sugar mill). The canal, which takes off from the dam is on the left bank, known as the "Left Bank Main Canal" which is 25.73 kilometres (16 mi) long, and is designed to carry a discharge of 13.6 cubic metres (480.3 cu ft)/s. It has a network of distributary canals and minor canals to provide irrigation to an ultimate potential of 14326 hectares (35,400.3 acre). As originally planned, the main canal had distributary canals D1,D2-D3 (combined off taking from the main canal at chainage 17.05 kilometres (10.6 mi)), minor canals M1, M2 and M3, which are all completed. However, the length of two of the distributary canals (D2 and D3) has been curtailed thus reducing the irrigation command by 4680 hectares (11,564.5 acre). The water thus saved is proposed to be used for increasing the water supply for domestic and industrial users by about 220 MLD. The total irrigation potential created is 14106 hectares (34,856.7 acre)(ultimate potential) of which the CCA is 9537 hectares (23,566.4 acre). As a part of the command area development, 28 Water Users Associations (WUAs) have been instituted and out of these, 15 WUAs have been given control over the water distribution networks.
Other benefits
In the vicinity of the Salaulim dam area, proposals were mooted to set up a health centre with a modern hospital with 300 beds, along with a nature park and a botanical garden. The Botanical Garden was planned by the Goa Forest Department, patterned on the Brindavan Gardens
Brindavan Gardens
The Brindavan Gardens is a garden located in the state of Karnataka in India. It lies adjoining the Krishnarajasagara dam which is built across the river Kaveri. The work on laying out this garden was started in the year 1927 and completed in 1932...
in Mysore, involving landscaping and ornamental plantation.
Fish is an important factor in the life of Goa
Goa
Goa , a former Portuguese colony, is India's smallest state by area and the fourth smallest by population. Located in South West India in the region known as the Konkan, it is bounded by the state of Maharashtra to the north, and by Karnataka to the east and south, while the Arabian Sea forms its...
ns and in this context the reservoir area of Salaulim and Anjunem Irrigation projects have also provided livelihood opportunities for the fishing community. Fish seed farming was started in the fresh water lake of Selaulim for fish production.