Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Melbourne
Encyclopedia
The Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Melbourne is a Latin rite metropolitan archdiocese, located in Melbourne, Victoria
Victoria (Australia)
Victoria is the second most populous state in Australia. Geographically the smallest mainland state, Victoria is bordered by New South Wales, South Australia, and Tasmania on Boundary Islet to the north, west and south respectively....

, Australia
Australia
Australia , officially the Commonwealth of Australia, is a country in the Southern Hemisphere comprising the mainland of the Australian continent, the island of Tasmania, and numerous smaller islands in the Indian and Pacific Oceans. It is the world's sixth-largest country by total area...

.

Erected initially in 1847 as the Diocese of Melbourne, a suffragan diocese
Suffragan Diocese
A suffragan diocese is a diocese in the Catholic Church that is overseen not only by its own diocesan bishop but also by a metropolitan bishop. The metropolitan is always an archbishop who governs his own archdiocese...

 of Archdiocese of Sydney
Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Sydney
The Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Sydney is a Latin rite metropolitan archdiocese, located in Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.Erected in 1842 and directly responsible to the Holy See, the Archdiocese is responsible for the suffragan dioceses of Armidale, Bathurst, Broken Bay, Lismore,...

, the diocese was elevated in 1874 as an archdiocese of the Ecclesiastical Province of Melbourne and is responsible for the suffragan dioceses of Sale
Roman Catholic Diocese of Sale
The Roman Catholic Diocese of Sale is a suffragan Latin Rite diocese of Archdiocese of Melbourne, established in 1887, covering the south east of Victoria, Australia.-History:The Diocese of Sale was erected by Pope Leo XIII on 26 April 1887...

, Sandhurst
Roman Catholic Diocese of Sandhurst
The Roman Catholic Diocese of Sandhurst is a suffragan Latin rite diocese of the Archdiocese of Melbourne, erected in 1874, covering the central and north-east regions of Victoria, Australia, including Bendigo.-History:...

 and Ballarat
Roman Catholic Diocese of Ballarat
The Roman Catholic Diocese of Ballarat is a suffragan Latin rite diocese of the Archdiocese of Melbourne, erected in 1874, covering the west, Wimmera, and Mallee regions of Victoria, Australia.-History:...

. The Ukrainian Catholic Eparchy of Ss Peter and Paul and the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Hobart
Archdiocese of Hobart
The Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Hobart is a Latin rite metropolitan archdiocese of the Catholic Church in Australia located in Hobart and covering Tasmania, Australia....

 are attached to the archdiocese, for adminitrative purposes.

St Patrick's Cathedral
St Patrick's Cathedral, Melbourne
St Patrick's Cathedral is the cathedral church of the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Melbourne in Victoria, Australia, and seat of its archbishop, currently Denis J. Hart. The building is known internationally as a leading example of the Gothic Revival style of architecture.In 1974 Pope Paul VI...

 is the seat of the archbishop of Melbourne, currently Denis Hart.

According to the 2006 Commonwealth Census figures, there were 4,932,423 people within the province, of which 1,349,828 were Catholic, about 28% of the population.

History

When Melbourne, then called the Port Philip Settlement, and the surrounding area was being settled by European settlers in the 1830's, the area was a part of the Roman Catholic Ecclesiastical Province of Sydney, in the Archdiocese of Sydney. In 1839, John Polding
John Polding
John Bede Polding OSB was the first Roman Catholic bishop and archbishop of Sydney, Australia.-Early life:Polding's father was of Dutch descent; his mother died when he was eight. He was placed in the care of his uncle, Father Bede Brewer, president-general of the English Benedictine Congregation...

, the archbishop of Sydney, placed Patrick Bonaventure Geoghegan in charge of Port Philip Settlement, and the first Mass was celebrated in Melbourne on Pentecost Sunday, 15 May 1839. The entire population of Port Philip in 1841 was 11,738, and the Catholics numbered 2,411.

The oldest surviving Catholic church in Victoria, St Francis Catholic Church
St Francis Catholic Church (Melbourne)
St Francis' Church is the oldest Catholic church in Victoria, Australia. Located on the corner of Lonsdale Street and Elizabeth Street, it is one of only three buildings in central Melbourne which predates the Gold Rush of 1851.- History :...

, was built in 1841.

The Diocese of Melbourne was created in 1848 out of territory of the then Sydney Archdiocese, with James Alipius Goold
James Alipius Goold
James Alipius Goold was an Australian Augustinian friar and the founding Roman Catholic Bishop and Archbishop of Melbourne in Australia.-Early years and background:...

 as its first bishop. The Catholic population of the colony was 18,000 in 1851, and had grown to 88,000 by 1857, as a result of the gold rush
Gold rush
A gold rush is a period of feverish migration of workers to an area that has had a dramatic discovery of gold. Major gold rushes took place in the 19th century in Australia, Brazil, Canada, South Africa, and the United States, while smaller gold rushes took place elsewhere.In the 19th and early...

. James Goold was also instrumental in setting up many catholic schools in the diocese and in introducing to the diocese several religious orders devoted to education and works of charity, including the Society of Jesus
Society of Jesus
The Society of Jesus is a Catholic male religious order that follows the teachings of the Catholic Church. The members are called Jesuits, and are also known colloquially as "God's Army" and as "The Company," these being references to founder Ignatius of Loyola's military background and a...

, the Christian Brothers
Institute of the Brothers of the Christian Schools
The Institute of the Brothers of the Christian Schools is a Roman Catholic religious teaching congregation, founded in France by Saint Jean-Baptiste de la Salle and now based in Rome...

, Sisters of Mercy
Sisters of Mercy
The Religious Order of the Sisters of Mercy is an order of Catholic women founded by Catherine McAuley in Dublin, Ireland, in 1831. , the order has about 10,000 members worldwide, organized into a number of independent congregations....

, Good Shepherd Nuns, Presentation Sisters
Presentation Sisters
The Presentation Sisters, also known as the Sisters of the Presentation of the Blessed Virgin Mary are an order of Roman Catholic women founded in Cork, Ireland by Nano Nagle in 1775....

, Faithful Companions of Jesus
Faithful Companions of Jesus
The Faithful Companions of Jesus Sisters was founded in Amiens in France in 1820 by Marie Madeleine de Bonnault d'Hoüet. They are a Christian religious order of the Roman Catholic Church in direct service to the Pope.-Service:...

, and Little Sisters of the Poor
Little Sisters of the Poor
The Little Sisters of the Poor is a Roman Catholic religious order for women. It was founded in the 19th century by Saint Jeanne Jugan near Rennes, France. Jugan felt the need to care for the many impoverished elderly who lined the streets of French towns and cities.This led her to welcome an...

.

When Goold was appointed bishop of Melbourne in 1848, St Francis Catholic Church became the cathedral church of the new diocese. Construction of a new church on the Eastern Hill of East Melbourne commenced in 1858, to be called St Patrick's Cathedral. Construction of the cathedral was not completed until 1939.

On 30 March 1874, the dioceses of Sandhurst
Roman Catholic Diocese of Sandhurst
The Roman Catholic Diocese of Sandhurst is a suffragan Latin rite diocese of the Archdiocese of Melbourne, erected in 1874, covering the central and north-east regions of Victoria, Australia, including Bendigo.-History:...

 (comprising four parishes) and Ballarat
Roman Catholic Diocese of Ballarat
The Roman Catholic Diocese of Ballarat is a suffragan Latin rite diocese of the Archdiocese of Melbourne, erected in 1874, covering the west, Wimmera, and Mallee regions of Victoria, Australia.-History:...

 were formed out of territory of the diocese of Melbourne, with the diocese of Melbourne becoming a metropolitan archdiocese of the Ecclesiastical Province of Melbourne, and responsible for the dioceses of Sandhurst and Ballarat as suffragan diocese
Suffragan Diocese
A suffragan diocese is a diocese in the Catholic Church that is overseen not only by its own diocesan bishop but also by a metropolitan bishop. The metropolitan is always an archbishop who governs his own archdiocese...

s. The suffragan Diocese of Sale
Roman Catholic Diocese of Sale
The Roman Catholic Diocese of Sale is a suffragan Latin Rite diocese of Archdiocese of Melbourne, established in 1887, covering the south east of Victoria, Australia.-History:The Diocese of Sale was erected by Pope Leo XIII on 26 April 1887...

 was similarly formed in 26 April 1887 out of the archdiocese.

Under Goold's successor, Thomas Joseph Carr
Thomas Joseph Carr
Thomas Joseph Carr was the second Roman Catholic archbishop of Melbourne, Australia.-Early life:Carr was born near Moylough, Galway, Ireland, and educated at St Jarlath's College, Tuam, and at St Patrick's College, Maynooth. He was ordained on 19 May 1866, was a curate for six years, and was then...

, additional teaching orders were introduced to the archdiocese, including the Marist Brothers
Marist Brothers
The Marist Brothers, or Little Brothers of Mary, are a Catholic religious order of brothers and affiliated lay people. The order was founded in France, at La Valla-en-Gier near Lyon in 1817 by Saint Marcellin Champagnat, a young French priest of the Society of Mary...

, the Sisters of Charity
Sisters of Charity of Australia
The Sisters of Charity of Australia is a congregation of Roman Catholic women religious who have served the people of Australia since 1838...

, the Sisters of St Joseph of the Sacred Heart
Sisters of St Joseph of the Sacred Heart
The Sisters of Saint Joseph of the Sacred Heart, often called the Josephites , were founded in Penola, South Australia in 1866 by Mary MacKillop and Father Julian Tenison Woods....

, the Sisters of Loreto
Sisters of Loreto
The Institute of the Blessed Virgin Mary, more commonly known as the Loreto Sisters , is a women's Catholic religious order founded by an Englishwoman, Mary Ward, in 1609 at Saint-Omer in northern France...

, the Sisters of St. Joseph
Sisters of St. Joseph
The title Sisters of St. Joseph applies to several Roman Catholic religious congregations of women. The largest and oldest of these was founded in Le Puy-en-Velay, France...

, and the Sisters of the Good Samaritan
Sisters of the Good Samaritan
The Congregation of the Sisters of the Good Samaritan is a Roman Catholic Congregation of religious women commenced by , Australia’s first Catholic bishop, in Sydney in 1857. The congregation was the first religious congregation to be founded in Australia. The sisters form an apostolic institute...

. In 1887, 11,661 pupils attended Catholic schools of the archdiocese, and that number had grown to 25,369 by 1908. The Catholic population of the archdiocese according to Government census returns of 1901 was 145,333.

Until the mid-twentieth century, the Catholics of the archdiocese were almost all Irish or of Irish origin. The priesthood was exclusively Irish until the early part of the twentieth century, when training of native born priests began.

Ordinaries

The following individuals were elected as Archbishop of Melbourne, with one elected as a Cardinal while in office as Archbishop, as well receiving civilian honours. Their highest title is shown here:
Order Name Title Date enthroned Reign ended Term of office Reason for term end
1 James Goold
James Alipius Goold
James Alipius Goold was an Australian Augustinian friar and the founding Roman Catholic Bishop and Archbishop of Melbourne in Australia.-Early years and background:...

, OSA
Order of Saint Augustine
The Order of St. Augustine —historically Ordo Eremitarum Sancti Augustini", O.E.S.A.), generally called Augustinians is a Catholic Religious Order, which, although more ancient, was formally created in the thirteenth century and combined of several previous Augustinian eremetical Orders into one...

 †
Bishop of Melbourne 9 July 1847 31 March 1874 Elevated to Archbishop
Archbishop
An archbishop is a bishop of higher rank, but not of higher sacramental order above that of the three orders of deacon, priest , and bishop...

 of Melbourne
Archbishop of Melbourne 31 March 1874 11 June 1886 Died in office
2 Thomas Joseph Carr
Thomas Joseph Carr
Thomas Joseph Carr was the second Roman Catholic archbishop of Melbourne, Australia.-Early life:Carr was born near Moylough, Galway, Ireland, and educated at St Jarlath's College, Tuam, and at St Patrick's College, Maynooth. He was ordained on 19 May 1866, was a curate for six years, and was then...

 †
Archbishop of Melbourne 29 September 1886 6 May 1917 Died in office
Bishop of the Military Ordinariate of Australia
Catholic Diocese of the Australian Defence Force
The Roman Catholic Diocese of the Australian Defence Force is a Latin Rite suffragan Military Ordinariate, immediately subject to the Holy See, established in 1969, and managed for administrative purposes by the Archdiocese of Sydney.Its Ordinary and his chaplains...

 
1912 1917 years Resigned
3 Daniel Mannix
Daniel Mannix
Daniel Mannix was an Irish-born Australian Catholic bishop. Mannix was the Archbishop of Melbourne for 46 years and one of the most influential public figures in 20th century Australia....

 †
Coadjutor Archbishop of Melbourne 1 July 1912 6 May 1917 Elevated to Archbishop of Melbourne
Archbishop of Melbourne 6 May 1917 6 November 1963 Died in office
Bishop of the Military Ordinariate of Australia
4 Justin Simonds
Justin Simonds
Justin Daniel Simonds was an Australian prelate of the Roman Catholic Church, serving as the 5th Archbishop of Hobart from 1937 to 1942 and as the 4th Archbishop of Melbourne from 1963 to 1967.-Biography:...

 †
Coadjutor Archbishop of Melbourne 6 September 1942 6 November 1963 Elevated to Archbishop of Melbourne
Archbishop of Melbourne 6 November 1963 13 May 1967 Retired and appointed Archbishop Emeritus of Melbourne
5 James Cardinal Knox
James Knox
James Robert Knox was a Roman Catholic cardinal and former Prefect of the Congregation for Divine Worship and the Discipline of the Sacraments....

 †
Archbishop of Melbourne 13 April 1967 1 July 1974 Resigned.
Later elevated to Prefect
Roman Curia
The Roman Curia is the administrative apparatus of the Holy See and the central governing body of the entire Catholic Church, together with the Pope...

 of the Congregation for Sacraments and Divine Worship
Congregation for Divine Worship and the Discipline of the Sacraments
The Congregation for Divine Worship and the Discipline of the Sacraments is the congregation of the Roman Curia that handles most affairs relating to liturgical practices of the Latin Catholic Church as distinct from the Eastern Catholic Churches and also some technical matters relating to the...

Cardinal-Priest of Santa Maria in Vallicella
Santa Maria in Vallicella
Santa Maria in Vallicella, also called Chiesa Nuova, is a church in Rome, Italy, which today faces onto the main thoroughfare of the Corso Vittorio Emanuele...

 
5 March 1973 26 June 1983 Died in office
Prefect of the Congregation for Sacraments and Divine Worship 25 January 1974 4 August 1981 Elevated to the President of the Pontifical Council for the Family
Pontifical Council for the Family
The Pontifical Council for the Family is part of the Curia of the Roman Catholic Church. It was established by Pope John Paul II on 9 May 1981 with his motu proprio Familia a Deo Instituta, replacing the Committee for the Family that Pope Paul VI had established in 1973...

President of the Pontifical Council for the Family 4 August 1981 26 June 1983 Died in office
6 Sir Frank Little, KBE
Order of the British Empire
The Most Excellent Order of the British Empire is an order of chivalry established on 4 June 1917 by George V of the United Kingdom. The Order comprises five classes in civil and military divisions...

 †
Auxiliary Bishop
Auxiliary bishop
An auxiliary bishop, in the Roman Catholic Church, is an additional bishop assigned to a diocese because the diocesan bishop is unable to perform his functions, the diocese is so extensive that it requires more than one bishop to administer, or the diocese is attached to a royal or imperial office...

 of Melbourne
16 November 1972 1 July 1974 Elevated to Archbishop of Melbourne
Archbishop of Melbourne 1 July 1974 16 July 1996 Resigned and appointed Archbishop Emeritus of Melbourne
7 George Cardinal Pell
George Pell
George Pell AC is an Australian cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church. He is the eighth and current Archbishop of Sydney, serving since 2001. He previously served as auxiliary bishop and archbishop of the Archdiocese of Melbourne...

, AC
Order of Australia
The Order of Australia is an order of chivalry established on 14 February 1975 by Elizabeth II, Queen of Australia, "for the purpose of according recognition to Australian citizens and other persons for achievement or for meritorious service"...

 
Auxiliary Bishop of Melbourne 30 March 1987 16 July 1996 Elevated to Archbishop of Melbourne
Archbishop of Melbourne 6 July 1996 26 March 2001 Elevated to Archbishop of Sydney
8 Denis Hart
Denis Hart
Denis James Hart, DD is a Roman Catholic bishop, elected as the 8th Archbishop of Archdiocese of Melbourne, since 2001.-Early years and background:...

 
Auxiliary Bishop of Melbourne 10 November 1997 22 June 2001 Elevated to Archbishop of Melbourne
Archbishop of Melbourne 22 June 2001 present n/a

Current bishops

The present archbishop of the archdiocese is Denis Hart
Denis Hart
Denis James Hart, DD is a Roman Catholic bishop, elected as the 8th Archbishop of Archdiocese of Melbourne, since 2001.-Early years and background:...

. He is assisted by auxiliary bishop
Auxiliary bishop
An auxiliary bishop, in the Roman Catholic Church, is an additional bishop assigned to a diocese because the diocesan bishop is unable to perform his functions, the diocese is so extensive that it requires more than one bishop to administer, or the diocese is attached to a royal or imperial office...

s:
  • Bishop Timothy Costelloe, Auxiliary Bishop, Episcopal Vicar for Tertiary Education and Rector/Spiritual Director, Salesian House
  • Bishop Peter John Elliott, Auxiliary Bishop and Episcopal Vicar for Religious Education
  • Bishop Leslie Tomlinson, Auxiliary Bishop for Eastern Region
  • Vincent Long Van Nguyen
    Vincent Long Van Nguyen
    Vincent Long Van Nguyen is a bishop in the archdiocese of Melbourne, Australia.He was born in 1961 in Gia-Kiem, Vietnam, and joined the diocesan minor seminary. He and his family came to Australia in a refugee boat in 1980....

    , O.F.M. Conv., Auxiliary Bishop-elect and former assistant superior general
    Superior general
    A Superior General, or General Superior, is the Superior at the head of a whole religious order or congregation.The term is mainly used as a generic term, while many orders and congregations use other specific titles, notably:* Abbot general...

     for the Conventual Franciscans
    Conventual Franciscans
    The Order of Friars Minor Conventual , commonly known as the Conventual Franciscans, is a branch of the order of Catholic Friars founded by Francis of Assisi in 1209.-History:...

     for Asia
    Asia
    Asia is the world's largest and most populous continent, located primarily in the eastern and northern hemispheres. It covers 8.7% of the Earth's total surface area and with approximately 3.879 billion people, it hosts 60% of the world's current human population...

     and Oceania
    Oceania
    Oceania is a region centered on the islands of the tropical Pacific Ocean. Conceptions of what constitutes Oceania range from the coral atolls and volcanic islands of the South Pacific to the entire insular region between Asia and the Americas, including Australasia and the Malay Archipelago...



There are also emeritus auxiliary bishops:
  • Joseph O'Connell (Northern Region)
  • Hilton Deakin (Eastern Region)


The Vicar-General of the archdiocese is Bishop Les Tomlinson.

Other information

There are 232 parishes in the archdiocese and 369 diocesan priests. The archdiocese has a total of 294 priests in religious orders, 199 religious brothers and 1,323 religious sisters.

There is one seminary for diocesan clergy, Corpus Christi College
Corpus Christi College, Melbourne
Corpus Christi College is the regional seminary of the Roman Catholic dioceses in Victoria and Tasmania, Australia. The seminary is administered by a board of Episcopal Trustees comprising the Archbishops of Melbourne and Hobart, the Bishops of Ballarat, Sandhurst and Sale, and the Auxiliary...

, and three seminaries for religious clergy.

There are 331 Catholic schools in the archdiocese - 256 primary, 69 secondary and 6 special schools. According to the 1998 census, there were 136,387 students enrolled in Catholic schools in the archdiocese - 77,636 in primary schools and 58,751 in secondary schools.

Within the archdiocese, there are ten Catholic hospitals, 18 homes for children, 27 for the elderly and ten for other purposes.

St Paul Apostle South is a co-ed catholic Primary School in Endeavour Hills, Victoria
Endeavour Hills, Victoria
Endeavour Hills is a suburb in Melbourne, Victoria, Australia, south-east from Melbourne's central business district. Its Local Government Area is the City of Casey...

. It is part of the St Paul Apostle Community with a sister school: St Paul Apostle North.

Principal: Mrs Helen Greenhill
Deputy Principal: Mrs King

St Paul Apostle opened it doors in 1980.
It has thrived from a single building to a 20 classroom plus school.

Controversy

The Melbourne archdiocese has been the scene of a series of sexual abuse cases which have come to light in recent years and have also extended to many regional Catholic jurisdictions, both in Australia
Catholic sexual abuse scandal in Australia
The Catholic sexual abuse scandal in Australia is part of the wider Catholic sexual abuse scandal which are a series of convictions, trials and ongoing investigations into allegations of sex crimes committed by Catholic priests and members of religious orders....

 and around the world.

External links

The source of this article is wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.  The text of this article is licensed under the GFDL.
 
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