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Raymond VII of Saint-Gilles (July 1197 – 27 September 1249) was Count of Toulouse
Counts of Toulouse

The first comites of Toulouse were the administrators of the city and its environs under the Merovingians. No succession of such royal appointees is known, though a few names survive to the present....
, Duke of Narbonne
Duke of Narbonne

The title Duke of Narbonne was a title employed at various times by the overlords of Narbonne, while the direct power in the city was held by the Viscount of Narbonne....
 and Marquis of Provence from 1222 until his death.

He was the son of Raymond VI of Toulouse
Raymond VI of Toulouse

Raymond VI was Counts of Toulouse and Count of Provence from 1194 to 1222. He was also Mauguio from 1173 to 1190.Born at Saint-Gilles, Gard, he was a son of Raymond V of Toulouse and Constance of France....
 and Joan of England
Joan of England, Queen of Sicily

Joan of England was the seventh child of Henry II of England and his queen consort, Eleanor of Aquitaine. ...
. During the Albigensian Crusade
Albigensian Crusade

The Albigensian Crusade or Cathar Crusade was a 20-year military campaign initiated by the Roman Catholic Church to eliminate the Cathar heresy in Languedoc....
 in May of 1216, he set out from Marseille
Marseille

"Marseille" is the second-largest city of France and forms the third-largest aire urbaine, after those of Paris and Lyon, with a population recorded to be 1,516,340 at the 1999 census and estimated to be 1,605,000 in 2007....
 and besieged Beaucaire, which he captured on August 24. He fought to reconquer the county of Toulouse from Simon de Montfort, 5th Earl of Leicester
Simon de Montfort, 5th Earl of Leicester

Simon IV de Montfort, Seigneur de Montfort-l'Amaury, 5th Earl of Leicester , also known as Simon de Montfort the elder, was a French nobleman who took part in the Fourth Crusade and was a prominent leader of the Albigensian Crusade....
 and later Simon's son Amaury VI of Montfort
Amaury VI of Montfort

Amaury VI de Montfort was the son of the Simon de Montfort, 5th Earl of Leicester and Alice of Montmorency, and the brother of the Simon de Montfort, 6th Earl of Leicester....
.

Raymond VII married firstly, in March 1211, Sancha of Aragon, the daughter of King Alfonso II of Aragon
Alfonso II of Aragon

File:Alfonso II de Arag?n from Liber feudorum maior.jpgAlfonso II or Alfons I , called the Chaste or the Troubadour, was the King of Aragon and Count of Barcelona from 1162 until his death....
.






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Raymond VII of Saint-Gilles (July 1197 – 27 September 1249) was Count of Toulouse
Counts of Toulouse

The first comites of Toulouse were the administrators of the city and its environs under the Merovingians. No succession of such royal appointees is known, though a few names survive to the present....
, Duke of Narbonne
Duke of Narbonne

The title Duke of Narbonne was a title employed at various times by the overlords of Narbonne, while the direct power in the city was held by the Viscount of Narbonne....
 and Marquis of Provence from 1222 until his death.

He was the son of Raymond VI of Toulouse
Raymond VI of Toulouse

Raymond VI was Counts of Toulouse and Count of Provence from 1194 to 1222. He was also Mauguio from 1173 to 1190.Born at Saint-Gilles, Gard, he was a son of Raymond V of Toulouse and Constance of France....
 and Joan of England
Joan of England, Queen of Sicily

Joan of England was the seventh child of Henry II of England and his queen consort, Eleanor of Aquitaine. ...
. During the Albigensian Crusade
Albigensian Crusade

The Albigensian Crusade or Cathar Crusade was a 20-year military campaign initiated by the Roman Catholic Church to eliminate the Cathar heresy in Languedoc....
 in May of 1216, he set out from Marseille
Marseille

"Marseille" is the second-largest city of France and forms the third-largest aire urbaine, after those of Paris and Lyon, with a population recorded to be 1,516,340 at the 1999 census and estimated to be 1,605,000 in 2007....
 and besieged Beaucaire, which he captured on August 24. He fought to reconquer the county of Toulouse from Simon de Montfort, 5th Earl of Leicester
Simon de Montfort, 5th Earl of Leicester

Simon IV de Montfort, Seigneur de Montfort-l'Amaury, 5th Earl of Leicester , also known as Simon de Montfort the elder, was a French nobleman who took part in the Fourth Crusade and was a prominent leader of the Albigensian Crusade....
 and later Simon's son Amaury VI of Montfort
Amaury VI of Montfort

Amaury VI de Montfort was the son of the Simon de Montfort, 5th Earl of Leicester and Alice of Montmorency, and the brother of the Simon de Montfort, 6th Earl of Leicester....
.

Raymond VII married firstly, in March 1211, Sancha of Aragon, the daughter of King Alfonso II of Aragon
Alfonso II of Aragon

File:Alfonso II de Arag?n from Liber feudorum maior.jpgAlfonso II or Alfons I , called the Chaste or the Troubadour, was the King of Aragon and Count of Barcelona from 1162 until his death....
. They had one daughter, Joan, and were divorced in 1241. In 1243 Raymond married Marguerite de Lusignan, the daughter of Hugh X of Lusignan
Hugh X of Lusignan

Hugh X of Lusignan, Hugh V of La Marche or Hugh I of Angoul?me or Hugues X & V & I de Lusignan succeeded his father Hugh IX of Lusignan as Seigneur de Lusignan and Count of La Marche in November, 1219 and was Count of Angoul?me by marriage....
 and Isabella of Angouleme
Isabella of Angoulême

Isabella of Angoul?me was Countess of Angoul?me and queen consort of England....
. They had no children and were divorced August 3, 1245.

He succeeded his father in 1222. At the moment of his accession, he and the new count of Foix, Roger Bernard II the Great
Roger-Bernard II of Foix

Roger Bernard II , called the Great, was the list of counts of Foix from 1223 until his death. He was the son and successor of the illustrious count Raimond-Roger of Foix and his wife Philippa of Montcada....
, besieged Carcassonne
Carcassonne

Carcassonne is a defensive wall France town in the Aude D?partement in France, of which it is the prefecture, in the Provinces of France of Languedoc....
. On 14 September 1224, the Albigensian Crusade
Albigensian Crusade

The Albigensian Crusade or Cathar Crusade was a 20-year military campaign initiated by the Roman Catholic Church to eliminate the Cathar heresy in Languedoc....
rs surrendered and the war came to an end, each southern lord making peace with the church. However, in 1225, the council of Bourges
Bourges

Bourges is a commune in France in central France on the Y?vre river. It is the capital of the Departments of France of Cher and also was the capital of the former provinces of France of Berry ....
 excommunicated
Excommunication

Excommunication is a religious censure used to deprive or suspend membership in a religious community. The word literally means putting [someone] out of full communion....
 him and launched a crusade against him, the king of France, Louis VIII
Louis VIII of France

Louis VIII the Lion reigned as list of French monarchs from 1223 to 1226. He was a member of the House of Capet. Louis VIII was born in Paris, France, the son of Philip II of France and Isabelle of Hainaut....
, called the Lion, wanting to renew the conflict in order to enforce his royal rights in Languedoc
Languedoc

Languedoc is a former province of France, now continued in the modern-day List of regions in France of Languedoc-Roussillon and Midi-Pyr?n?es in the south of France, and whose capital city was Toulouse, now in Midi-Pyr?n?es....
. Roger-Bernard tried to keep the peace, but the king rejected his embassy and the counts of Foix and Toulouse took up arms again. The war was largely a discontinuous series of skirmishes and, in January 1229, Raymond, defeated, was forced to sign the Treaty of Meaux, by which he ceded the former viscounty of Trencavel
Trencavel

The Trencavel were an important noble family in Languedoc during the 10th through 13th centuries. The name "Trencavel," originally a nickname and later a family name, may derive from the Occitan words for "nutcracker" ....
 to the king and his daughter Joan was forced to marry Alphonse
Alphonse of Toulouse

Alfonso or Alphonse was the Count of Poitou from 1225 and Counts of Toulouse from 1247.Alphonse was a son of Louis VIII of France, King of France and Blanche of Castile....
, brother of the new king, Louis the Lion's successor, Louis IX
Louis IX of France

Louis IX , commonly Saint Louis, was List of French monarchs from 1226 to his death. He was also Counts of Artois from 1226 to 1237. Born at Poissy, near Paris, he was a member of the House of Capet and the son of Louis VIII of France and Blanche of Castile....
.

When Raymond died, Alphonse became count of Toulouse, and after Alphonse's death the county was annexed by France
France

France , officially the French Republic , is a country whose Metropolitan France is located in Western Europe and that also comprises various Overseas departments and territories of France....
. Raymond VII was buried beside his mother Joan in Fontevrault Abbey.

Sources

  • Macé, Laurent. "Raymond VII of Toulouse: The Son of Queen Joanne, 'Young Count' and Light of the World." The World of Eleanor of Aquitaine: Literature and Society in Southern France between the Eleventh and Twelfth Centuries, edd. Marcus Bull and Catherine Léglu. Woodbridge: Boydell Press, 2005. ISBN 1 84383 114 7.