Puksoozero
Encyclopedia
Puksoozero is an urban locality (an urban-type settlement
) in Plesetsky District of Arkhangelsk Oblast
, Russia
, located 22.2 kilometres (13.8 mi) southeast of Plesetsk
, on Lake Puksoozero, at the source of the Puksa River, the left tributary of the Mekhrenga River
. Municipally, it is the administrative center of Puksoozerskoye Urban Settlement, one of the eight urban settlements in the district. Population:
. The main occupation of the population was timber production and construction of the railroad connecting Puksoozero and Puksa railway station.
In February 1938, the construction of a pulp mill No. 1 started. The construction was mainly carried out by prisoners of "Onegalag", with the headquarters located in the town of Plesetsk
. In May 1939, the pulp mill No. 1 was put into operation. Pulp was used for the production of gunpowder, which was carried out in Vyborg
, Leningrad Oblast
. In 1944, Puksoozero was granted urban-type settlement status.
During Stalin's rule, fourteen correctional labor camps existed in and around Puksoozero. These camps contained more than fifteen thousand prisoners. Three of these were located directly adjacent to the settlement, and the remaining camps were built along the 140 kilometres (87 mi) railway. The prisoners were responsible for the timber logging.
In 1992, after the dissolution of the Soviet Union, all colonies were closed. This caused the economic crisis, and the pump mill was shut down in 1994. The population of Puksoozero dropped by the factor of 3.5 between 1989 and 2010.
; there is regular passenger bus traffic.
Between 1930 and 2001, Puksoozero was on the Mekhrenga railroad, which at the time it was the longest, at 115 kilometres (71.5 mi). The railroad started at the Puksa station of the railway between Moscow and Arkhangelsk, and ran to the east, via Puksoozero to the Dalnyaya station. The locomotive depot was located in Puksoozero and closed in 2001. The railroad belonged to the State Department of Corrections and was used to transport timber. After 1966, it was gradually disassembled. The last stretch, between Puksa and Puksoozero, was closed and disassembled in 2001.
Urban-type settlement
Urban-type settlement ; , selyshche mis'koho typu ) is an official designation for a type of locality used in some of the countries of the former Soviet Union...
) in Plesetsky District of Arkhangelsk Oblast
Arkhangelsk Oblast
Arkhangelsk Oblast is a federal subject of Russia . It includes the Arctic archipelagos of Franz Josef Land and Novaya Zemlya, as well as the Solovetsky Islands in the White Sea....
, Russia
Russia
Russia or , officially known as both Russia and the Russian Federation , is a country in northern Eurasia. It is a federal semi-presidential republic, comprising 83 federal subjects...
, located 22.2 kilometres (13.8 mi) southeast of Plesetsk
Plesetsk
Plesetsk is an urban locality Plesetsk is an urban locality Plesetsk is an urban locality (a work settlement and the administrative center of Plesetsky District, Arkhangelsk Oblast, Russia, situated about northeast of Moscow and south of Arkhangelsk. Municipally, it is the administrative...
, on Lake Puksoozero, at the source of the Puksa River, the left tributary of the Mekhrenga River
Mekhrenga River
The Mekhrenga is a river in Plesetsky and Kholmogorsky Districts and in the town of Mirny of Arkhangelsk Oblast in Russia. It is a left tributary of the Yemtsa River. It is long, and the area of its basin...
. Municipally, it is the administrative center of Puksoozerskoye Urban Settlement, one of the eight urban settlements in the district. Population:
History
Puksoozero was built in 1930 as the settlement for forcibly resettled peasants. At the time, it was directly subordinate to Plesetsk Settlement SovietSoviet (council)
Soviet was a name used for several Russian political organizations. Examples include the Czar's Council of Ministers, which was called the “Soviet of Ministers”; a workers' local council in late Imperial Russia; and the Supreme Soviet of the Soviet Union....
. The main occupation of the population was timber production and construction of the railroad connecting Puksoozero and Puksa railway station.
In February 1938, the construction of a pulp mill No. 1 started. The construction was mainly carried out by prisoners of "Onegalag", with the headquarters located in the town of Plesetsk
Plesetsk
Plesetsk is an urban locality Plesetsk is an urban locality Plesetsk is an urban locality (a work settlement and the administrative center of Plesetsky District, Arkhangelsk Oblast, Russia, situated about northeast of Moscow and south of Arkhangelsk. Municipally, it is the administrative...
. In May 1939, the pulp mill No. 1 was put into operation. Pulp was used for the production of gunpowder, which was carried out in Vyborg
Vyborg
Vyborg is a town in Leningrad Oblast, Russia, situated on the Karelian Isthmus near the head of the Bay of Vyborg, to the northwest of St. Petersburg and south from Russia's border with Finland, where the Saimaa Canal enters the Gulf of Finland...
, Leningrad Oblast
Leningrad Oblast
Leningrad Oblast is a federal subject of Russia . It was established on August 1, 1927, although it was not until 1946 that the oblast's borders had been mostly settled in their present position...
. In 1944, Puksoozero was granted urban-type settlement status.
During Stalin's rule, fourteen correctional labor camps existed in and around Puksoozero. These camps contained more than fifteen thousand prisoners. Three of these were located directly adjacent to the settlement, and the remaining camps were built along the 140 kilometres (87 mi) railway. The prisoners were responsible for the timber logging.
In 1992, after the dissolution of the Soviet Union, all colonies were closed. This caused the economic crisis, and the pump mill was shut down in 1994. The population of Puksoozero dropped by the factor of 3.5 between 1989 and 2010.
Industry
The biggest enterprise in the settlement is Puksoozero Timber Enterprise .Transport
A road connects Puksoozero with the urban-type settlement of PlesetskPlesetsk
Plesetsk is an urban locality Plesetsk is an urban locality Plesetsk is an urban locality (a work settlement and the administrative center of Plesetsky District, Arkhangelsk Oblast, Russia, situated about northeast of Moscow and south of Arkhangelsk. Municipally, it is the administrative...
; there is regular passenger bus traffic.
Between 1930 and 2001, Puksoozero was on the Mekhrenga railroad, which at the time it was the longest, at 115 kilometres (71.5 mi). The railroad started at the Puksa station of the railway between Moscow and Arkhangelsk, and ran to the east, via Puksoozero to the Dalnyaya station. The locomotive depot was located in Puksoozero and closed in 2001. The railroad belonged to the State Department of Corrections and was used to transport timber. After 1966, it was gradually disassembled. The last stretch, between Puksa and Puksoozero, was closed and disassembled in 2001.