All Topics  
Orchard

 
Orchard

 
   Email Print
   Bookmark   Link
 

 

Orchard
 
 
  Topics Orchard Topic Home

An orchard is an intentional planting of tree
TREE

TREE was a Boston hardcore punk band formed in the summer of 1990. They were active in the Boston music scene until disbanding in 2002....
s or shrub
Shrub

A shrub or bush is a horticulture rather than strictly Botany category of woody plant, distinguished from a tree by its multiple stems and lower height, usually less than 5-6 m tall....
s maintained for food
Food

Food is any substance, usually composed of carbohydrates, fats, proteins and water, that can be Eating or Drinking by an animal or human for nutrition or pleasure....
 production
Agriculture

Agriculture refers to the production of food and goods through farming and forestry. Agriculture was the key development that led to the rise of civilization, with the animal husbandry of domestication animals and plants creating food surpluses that enabled the development of more Population density and Social stratification societies....
. Orchards comprise fruit
Fruit tree

A fruit tree is a tree bearing fruit that is consumed or used by people — all trees that are flowering plants produce fruit, which are the ripened ovary of a flower containing one or more seeds....
 or nut
Nut (fruit)

Nut is a general term for the large, dry, oily seed or fruit of some plant. While a wide variety of dried seeds and fruits are called nuts, only a certain number of them are considered by biologists to be true nuts....
-producing trees grown for commercial production. Orchards are also sometimes a feature of large garden
Garden

A garden is a planned space, usually outdoors, set aside for the display, cultivation, and enjoyment of plants and other forms of nature. The garden can incorporate both natural and man-made materials....
s, where they serve an aesthetic as well as a productive purpose.






Discussion
Ask a question about 'Orchard'
Start a new discussion about 'Orchard'
Answer questions from other users
Full Discussion Forum



Encyclopedia


Orchard3
An orchard is an intentional planting of tree
TREE

TREE was a Boston hardcore punk band formed in the summer of 1990. They were active in the Boston music scene until disbanding in 2002....
s or shrub
Shrub

A shrub or bush is a horticulture rather than strictly Botany category of woody plant, distinguished from a tree by its multiple stems and lower height, usually less than 5-6 m tall....
s maintained for food
Food

Food is any substance, usually composed of carbohydrates, fats, proteins and water, that can be Eating or Drinking by an animal or human for nutrition or pleasure....
 production
Agriculture

Agriculture refers to the production of food and goods through farming and forestry. Agriculture was the key development that led to the rise of civilization, with the animal husbandry of domestication animals and plants creating food surpluses that enabled the development of more Population density and Social stratification societies....
. Orchards comprise fruit
Fruit tree

A fruit tree is a tree bearing fruit that is consumed or used by people — all trees that are flowering plants produce fruit, which are the ripened ovary of a flower containing one or more seeds....
 or nut
Nut (fruit)

Nut is a general term for the large, dry, oily seed or fruit of some plant. While a wide variety of dried seeds and fruits are called nuts, only a certain number of them are considered by biologists to be true nuts....
-producing trees grown for commercial production. Orchards are also sometimes a feature of large garden
Garden

A garden is a planned space, usually outdoors, set aside for the display, cultivation, and enjoyment of plants and other forms of nature. The garden can incorporate both natural and man-made materials....
s, where they serve an aesthetic as well as a productive purpose. A fruit garden is generally synonymous with an orchard, although it is set on a smaller non-commercial scale and may emphasize berry
Berry

In everyday English, a berry is a broad term for any small edible fruit. Most berries are juicy, round or semi-oblong, brightly coloured, sweet or sour, and don't have a stone or pit....
 shrubs in preference to fruit trees.

Most temperate
Temperate

In geography, temperate or tepid latitudes of the globe lie between the tropics and the polar circles. The changes in these regions between summer and winter are generally mild, rather than extreme hot or cold....
-zone orchards are laid out in a regular grid, with a grazed or mown grass
Lawn

A lawn is an area of recreational or amenity land planted with Poaceae, and sometimes clover and other plants, which are maintained at a low, even height....
 or bare soil
Soil

Soil is the naturally occurring, unconsolidated or loose covering on the Earth's surface. Soil is composed of particles of broken rock that have been altered by chemical and environmental processes including weathering and erosion....
 base that makes maintenance and fruit gathering easy.

Orchards are often concentrated near bodies of water, where climatic
Climate

Climate encompasses the temperatures, humidity, atmospheric pressure, winds, rainfall, atmospheric particle count and numerous other Meteorology elements in a given region over long periods of time, as opposed to the term weather, which refers to current activity of these same elements....
 extremes are moderated
Microclimate

A microclimate is a local atmospheric zone where the climate differs from the surrounding area. The term may refer to areas as small as a few square feet or as large as many square miles ....
 and blossom
Flower

A flower, sometimes known as a bloom or blossom, is the reproduction structure found in flowering plants . The biological function of a flower is to mediate the union of male sperm with female ovum in order to produce seeds....
 time is retarded until frost
Frost

Frost is the solid deposition of water vapor from Saturation air. It is formed when solid surfaces are cooled to below the dew point of the adjacent air....
 danger is past.

The forest garden is a food production system that is closely related to the orchard. A move towards more ecologically
Ecology

Ecology is the science study of the distribution and Abundance of life and the interactions between organisms and their nature environment ....
-friendly coffee production has led to forest-garden production of coffee. Brazil Nut
Brazil Nut

The Brazil nut is a South American tree in the family Lecythidaceae, and also the name of the tree's commercially harvested edible seed.The Brazil nut tree is the only species in the monotypic genus Bertholletia....
s and rubber
Rubber

Natural rubber is an elastomer?an Elasticity_ hydrocarbon polymer?that was originally derived from a milky colloidal suspension, or latex , found in the sap of some plants....
 are being produced in such a method in some areas.

Often, mixed orchards are planted. In Europe quince
Quince

The Quince , or Cydonia oblonga, is the sole member of the genus Cydonia and native to warm-temperate southwest Asia in the Caucasus region....
 is sometimes planted along with apples.

Meadow orchard (Streuobstwiese)

Streuobstwiese (pl. Streuobstwiesen) is a German word that means a meadow with scattered fruit trees or fruit trees planted in a field. Streuobstwiese, or a meadow orchard, is a traditional landscape in the temperate, maritime climate of continental Western Europe. In the 19th and early 20th centuries, Streuobstwiesen were a kind of a rural community orchard intended for productive cultivation of stone fruit. In recent years, ecologists have successfully lobbied for state subsidies to valuable habitat
Habitat

The term habitat has a number of meanings:* Habitat , a place where a species lives and grows** Human habitat, a place where humans live, work or play...
s, biodiversity
Biodiversity

Biodiversity is the variation of life forms within a given ecosystem, biome, or for the entire Earth. Biodiversity is often used as a measure of the health of biological systems....
, and natural landscapes, which are also used to preserve old meadow orchards. Both conventional and meadow orchards provide a suitable habitat for many animal species that live in a cultured landscape. A notable example is the hoopoe
Hoopoe

The Hoopoe , Upupa epops, is a colourful bird that is found across Afro-Eurasia, notable for its distinctive 'crown' of feathers. It is the only species in the family Upupidae....
 that nests in tree hollows of old fruit trees and, in the absence of alternative nesting sites, is threatened in many parts of Europe
Europe

Europe is, conventionally, one of the world's seven continents. Comprising the westernmost peninsula of Eurasia, Europe is generally divided from Asia to its east by the water divide of the Ural Mountains, the Ural , the Caspian Sea, and by the Caucasus Mountains to the southeast....
 because of the destruction of old orchards.

Crops

Tropical areas
  • Banana
    Banana

    File:Banana and cross section.jpgBanana is the common name for a fruit and also the herbaceous plants of the genus Musa which produce this commonly eaten fruit....
  • Cacao
    Cacao

    Cacao , or the cocoa plant, is a small evergreen tree in the family Sterculiaceae , native to the deep tropical region of the Americas. There are two prominent competing hypotheses about the origins of the original wild Theobroma cacao tree....
  • Coconut
    Coconut

    The Coconut Palm is a member of the Family Arecaceae . It is the only species in the genus Cocos, and is a large palm, growing to 30 m tall, with pinnate leaf 4-6 m long, pinnae 60-90 cm long; old leaves break away cleanly leaving the trunk smooth....
  • Coffee
    Coffee

    Coffee is a brewed drink prepared from roasted seeds, commonly called coffee beans, of the Coffea. Caffeinated coffee has a stimulating effect in humans....
  • Durian
    Durian

    The durian is the fruit of trees from the genus Durio belonging to the Malvaceae Family . Widely known and revered in Southeast Asia as the "King of Fruits", the fruit is distinctive for its large size, unique odor, and formidable Spine -covered husk....
  • Guava
    Guava

    Guavas are plants in the myrtle family genus Psidium, which contains about 100 species of tropical shrubs and small trees. Native to Mexico and Central America, northern South America, parts of the Caribbean and some parts of North Africa, guavas are now cultivated and naturalized throughout the tropics, and are also grown in some...
  • Mango
    Mango

    Mangoes belong to the genus Mangifera, consisting of numerous species of tropical fruiting trees in the flowering plant family Anacardiaceae....
  • Papaya
    Papaya

    The papaya , is the fruit of the plant Carica papaya, in the genus Carica. It is native to the tropics of the Americas, and was cultivated in Mexico several centuries before the emergence of the Mesoamerica....
  • Rambutan
    Rambutan

    The rambutan is a medium-sized tropical tree in the family Sapindaceae, and the fruit of this tree. It is native to Indonesia and Southeast Asia, although its precise natural distribution is unknown....
  • Tea
    Tea

    Tea refers to the agricultural products of the leaves, leaf buds, and internodes of the Camellia sinensis plant, prepared and cured by various methods....
Subtropical areas
  • Citrus
    Citrus

    Citrus is a common term and genus of flowering plants in the family Rutaceae, originating in tropical and subtropical southeast regions of the world....
  • Date Palm
    Date Palm

    Phoenix dactylifera, commonly known as the Date Palm, is a Arecaceae in the genus Phoenix , extensively cultivated for its edible sweet fruit....
  • Lychee
    Lychee

    The Lychee , also spelled Litchi or Laichi and Lichu, Chinese language: ??, Hanyu Pinyin: L?zhi, is the sole member of the genus Litchi in the soapberry family Sapindaceae....
Temperate areas
  • Apple
    APPLE

    This article is about the satellite APPLE. For the fruit apple, see Apple. For other uses see Apple .The Ariane Passenger PayLoad Experiment , was an experimental communication satellite with a C-Band transponder launched by Indian Space Research Organisation satellite on June 19, 1981 by Ariane 1, a launch vehicle of the European Spac...
  • Apricots
  • Bayberry
  • Blackberry
    BlackBerry

    The BlackBerry is a wireless handheld device introduced in 1999 as a two-way pager. In 2002, the more commonly known smartphone BlackBerry was released, which supports push e-mail, mobile telephone, text messaging, internet faxing, web browsing and other wireless information services as well as a multi-touch interface....
  • Blueberry
    Blueberry

    Blueberries are flowering plants in the genus Vaccinium, sect. Cyanococcus. The species are native only to North America. They are shrubs varying in size from 10 cm tall to 4 m tall; the smaller species are known as "lowbush blueberries" , and the larger species as "highbush blueberries"....
  • Cherry
    Cherry

    The word cherry refers to a fleshy fruit that contains a single stony seed. The cherry belongs to the family Rosaceae, genus Prunus, along with almonds, peaches, plums, apricots and bird cherry ....
  • Chestnut
    Chestnut

    Chestnut , is a genus of eight or nine species of deciduous trees and shrubs in the Beech family Fagaceae, native to temperate climate regions of the Northern Hemisphere....
  • Cranberry
    Cranberry

    Cranberries are a group of evergreen dwarf shrubs or trailing vines in the genus Vaccinium subgenus Oxycoccos, or in some treatments, in the distinct genus Oxycoccos....
  • Ginkgo nuts
  • Governor's plum
  • Hazel
    Hazel

    The hazels are a genus of deciduous trees and large shrubs native to the temperate northern hemisphere. The genus is usually placed in the birch family Betulaceae, though some botanists split the hazels into a separate family Corylaceae.Hazel plants prefer a nice warm, mild,moist climate nothing more nothing less....
  • Peach
    Peach

    The peach is known as a species of Prunus native to China that bears an edible juicy fruit also called a peach. It is a deciduous tree growing to 5?10 m tall, belonging to the subfamily Prunoideae of the family Rosaceae....
  • Pear
    Pear

    The pear is an edible pome fruit produced by a tree of genus Pyrus . The pear is classified within Maloideae, a subfamily within Rosaceae. The apple , which it resembles in floral structure, is also a member of this subfamily....
  • Pecan
    Pecan

    The Pecan is a species of hickory, native to south-central North America, in the United States from southern Iowa, Illinois and Indiana east to western Kentucky, North Carolina and western Tennessee, south through Georgia , Alabama, Mississippi, Louisiana, Texas, Oklahoma and Arkansas ; and in Mexico from Coahuila south to Jalisco and Veracr...
  • Walnut
    Persian Walnut

    Juglans regia , is the original walnut tree of the Old World. It is native in a region stretching from the Balkans eastward to the Himalayas and southwest China....
  • Persimmon
    Persimmon

    A persimmon, known to the ancient Greeks as "the fruit of the gods" is the edible fruit of a number of species of trees of the genus Diospyros in the ebony wood family ....
  • Plum
    Plum

    A plum or gage is a drupe tree in the genus Prunus, subgenus Prunus. The subgenus is distinguished from other subgenera in the shoots having a terminal bud and the side buds solitary , the flowers being grouped 1-5 together on short stems, and the fruit having a groove running down one side, and a smooth stone....
  • Raspberry
    Raspberry

    The raspberry is the edible fruit of a multitude of plant species in the subgenus Rubus#Scientific classification of the genus Rubus; the name also applies to these plants themselves....
  • Sand pear


Orchards by region

Sour Cherry 3428
Persimmon Garden
The most extensive orchards in the United States
United States

The United States of America is a Federal government constitutional republic comprising U.S. state and a federal district. The country is situated mostly in central North America, where its Contiguous United States and Washington, D.C., the Capital districts and territories, lie between the Pacific Ocean and Atlantic Oceans, Borders of the U...
 are apple and orange orchards, although citrus orchards are more commonly called groves. The most extensive apple orchard area is in eastern Washington
Washington

Washington is a U.S. state in the Pacific Northwest region of the United States. Washington was carved out of the western part of Washington Territory which had been ceded by Britain in 1846 by the Oregon Treaty as settlement of the Oregon Boundary Dispute....
 state, with a lesser but significant apple orchard area in most of Upstate New York
Upstate New York

Upstate New York is the region of New York north of the core of the New York metropolitan area. It has a population of 7,121,911 out of New York State's total 18,976,457....
. Extensive orange orchards are found in Florida
Florida

Florida is a U.S. state located in the Southeastern United States of the United States, bordering Alabama to the northwest and Georgia to the northeast....
 and southern California
California

California is a U.S. state on the West Coast of the United States of the United States, along the Pacific Ocean. It is bordered by Oregon to the north, Nevada to the east, Arizona to the southeast, and to the south the Mexico state of Baja California....
. A particular advantage of growing apples on the high plateau areas of Washington state is that it is possible to grow high-quality organic
Organic food

Organic foods are made according to certain production standards, meaning they are grown without the use of conventional pesticides and artificial fertilizers, free from contamination by human or industrial waste, and processed without food irradiation or food additives....
 apples. In eastern North America
North America

North America is the northern continent of the Americas, situated in the Earth's northern hemisphere and almost totally in the western hemisphere....
 many orchards are along the shores of Lake Michigan
Lake Michigan

Lake Michigan is one of the five Great Lakes of North America, and the only one located entirely within the United States. The third-largest of the Great Lakes, it is bounded, from west to east, by the U.S....
 (such as the Fruit Ridge Region
Fruit Ridge (Michigan)

Fruit Ridge is a topographical land feature and growing region in Western Michigan. The area is so named for its extensive agricultural activity, specifically because of its Fruit Production....
), Lake Erie
Lake Erie

Lake Erie is the fourth largest lake of the five Great Lakes, and the tenth largest globally. It is the southernmost, shallowest, and smallest by volume of the Great Lakes and therefore also has the shortest average water residence time....
, and Lake Ontario
Lake Ontario

Lake Ontario is one of the five Great Lakes of North America. The lake is bounded on the north by the Canadian province of Ontario and on the south by Ontario's Niagara Peninsula and by the U.S....
.

In Canada
Canada

Canada is a country occupying most of northern North America, extending from the Atlantic Ocean in the east to the Pacific Ocean in the west and northward into the Arctic Ocean....
, apple and other fruit orchards are widespread on the Niagara Peninsula
Niagara Peninsula

The Niagara Peninsula is the portion of Ontario, Canada lying between the south shore of Lake Ontario and the north shore of Lake Erie. It stretches from the Niagara River in the east to Hamilton, Ontario in the west....
, south of Lake Ontario
Lake Ontario

Lake Ontario is one of the five Great Lakes of North America. The lake is bounded on the north by the Canadian province of Ontario and on the south by Ontario's Niagara Peninsula and by the U.S....
. This region is known as Canada Fruitland and, in addition to large-scale commercial fruit marketing, it is a favorite playground for "pick-your-own" activities in the summer.

Murcia
Murcia

Murcia is the capital city of the Region of Murcia, located at the river Segura in south-eastern Spain. Its population is 433,850 , and the population of its metropolitan area is 743,326 ranking as the ninth-largest metropolitan area of Spain....
 is a major orchard area in Europe, with citrus crops. New Zealand, China, Argentina, and Chile also have extensive apple orchards.

Towns associated with orchards

Tenbury Wells
Tenbury Wells

Tenbury Wells is a small market town in Worcestershire, England, lying on the south bank of the River Teme. For over 100 years it was well known for its winter auctions of holly and mistletoe , but these moved out of the town in 2007....
 in Worcestershire
Worcestershire

Worcestershire is a county located in the West Midlands of central England. From 1974 to 1998 it was administered as part of Hereford and Worcester....
 has been called The Town in the Orchard since the 19th century because it was surrounded by extensive orchards. Today this heritage is celebrated through an annual Applefest
Applefest

Applefest is a yearly village-wide food, entertainment and crafts fair, taking place in several towns in the United States and England....
.

Jalpaiguri
Jalpaiguri

Jalpaiguri is a town in the state of West Bengal, India. It is the headquarters of Jalpaiguri district, and the divisional headquarters of the North Bengal region....
 in West Bengal
West Bengal

West Bengal is a States and territories of India in eastern India. With Bangladesh, which lies on its eastern border, the state forms the ethno-linguistic region of Bengal....
, India
India

India, officially the Republic of India , is a country in South Asia. It is the List of countries and outlying territories by total area country by geographical area, the List of countries by population country, and the most populous liberal democracy in the world....
 is also known for its orchards.

Airports associated with orchards

  • ORD
    O'Hare International Airport

    O'Hare International Airport , also known simply as O'Hare Airport or O'Hare, is a major airport located in the northwestern-most corner of Chicago, Illinois, United States, northwest of the Chicago Loop....
  • Orchard Field


Historical orchards

  • Orchard House
    Orchard House

    Orchard House is a historic house museum located in Concord, Massachusetts. It was the longtime home of Bronson Alcott and family, including Louisa May Alcott who wrote and set her beloved novel Little Women there....
     in Concord, Massachusetts
    Concord, Massachusetts

    Concord is a town in Middlesex County, Massachusetts, Massachusetts, in the United States. As of the 2000 Census, the town population was about 17,000....
     the residence of American celebrated writer Louisa May Alcott
  • Fruita, Utah
    Fruita, Utah

    Fruita is the best-known settlement in Capitol Reef National Park in Wayne County, Utah, Utah, United States. It is located at the confluence of Fremont River and Sulphur Creek....
     part of Capitol Reef National Park
    Capitol Reef National Park

    Capitol Reef National Park is a United States National Park, in south-central Utah. It is 100 miles long but fairly narrow. The park, established in 1971, preserves 378 mi? and is open all year, although May through September are the most popular months....
     has Mormon Pioneer
    Mormon Pioneer

    The Mormon pioneers were members of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, also known as Latter Day Saint, who Human migration across the United States from the Midwest to the Salt Lake Valley in what is today the U.S....
     orchards maintained by the United States National Park Service.


See also

  • Berries
    Berry

    In everyday English, a berry is a broad term for any small edible fruit. Most berries are juicy, round or semi-oblong, brightly coloured, sweet or sour, and don't have a stone or pit....
  • Citrus
    Citrus

    Citrus is a common term and genus of flowering plants in the family Rutaceae, originating in tropical and subtropical southeast regions of the world....
  • Drupe
    Drupe

    In botany, a drupe is a fruit in which an outer fleshy part surrounds a shell of hardened endocarp with a seed inside. These fruits develop from a single carpel, and mostly from flowers with superior ovary....
  • Forest garden
  • Fruit
    Fruit

    The term fruit has different meanings dependent on context, and the term is not synonymous in food preparation and biology. In botany, which is the scientific study of plants, fruits are the ripened Ovary of flowering plants....
  • Fruit tree forms
    Fruit tree forms

    The shapes of most fruit trees can be manipulated by Pruning fruit trees and training in order to increase yield, or to improve their suitability for different situations and conditions....
  • Fruit tree pollination
    Fruit tree pollination

    AppleMost Apples are self incompatible and must be cross pollination. A few are described as "self-fertile" and are capable of self-pollination although they tend to carry larger crops when pollinated....
  • Fruit tree propagation
    Fruit tree propagation

    Fruit tree propagation is usually carried out through asexual reproduction by grafting or budding the desired variety onto a suitable rootstock....
  • Fruit trees
  • Pruning fruit trees
    Pruning fruit trees

    Pruning fruit trees is a technique that is employed by gardeners to control growth, remove dead or diseased wood or stimulate the formation of flowers and bud....


External links

  • by Natural England
    Natural England

    Natural England is a non-departmental public body of the UK government. It was formed on 1 October 2006. It is responsible for ensuring that England's natural environment, including its land, flora and fauna, freshwater and marine environments, geology and soils, are protected and improved....
    . Other free publications are also available in the same series on this website.