Nikola Kljusev
Encyclopedia
Nikola Kljusev (October 2, 1927 – January 16, 2008) was a Macedonian
academician
and politician
. Kljusev served as the first Prime Minister of the Republic of Macedonia
from January 27, 1991 until August 17, 1992, following the country's independence from the former Yugoslavia
in 1991.
, Republic of Macedonia
, on October 2, 1927. He graduated from the University of Belgrade
Faculty of Economics
in 1953, before obtaining his doctorate
in economics at the same university in 1964. Kljusev's doctoral thesis was "Criteria and Methods for Assessment of Economic Effectiveness of Investments".
as an assistant at the Institute for Industrial Scientific Research. He later served as a researcher
and director
of the Economics Institute in Skopje. Kljusev also served as a professor and dean of the Skopje Faculty of Economics. Kljusev was elected to the Macedonian Academy of Arts and Sciences (MANU) in 1988 and remained at the organization until his death in 2008.
for 19 months in 1991 and 1992 following the country's separation from Yugoslavia. Kljusev is credited with ushering Macedonia through a largely peaceful transition to full inpendendence. Macedonia's independence was in sharp contrast to the violent wars that engulfed other nations of the former Yugoslavia, such as Croatia
and Bosnia-Herzegovina, during the 1990s.
Under Kljusev's leadership (and background in economics), the denar was introduced as Macedonia's new national currency
. He also headed the difficult negotiations to withdraw the Yugoslav military of the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia from Macedonia as Prime Minister.
Kljusev was an non-partisan prime minister, and, thus, was not a member of any political party
while in office.
(non-partisan). He later joined VMRO-DPMNE, a major Macedonian political party, after leaving office. He was elected elected President of the Council of the VMRO-DPMNE in 1997.
Nikola Kljusev returned to public office later as the Defence Minister of the Republic of Macedonia, from 1998 until 2000.
Kljusev was buried in the Alley of the Greats at Butel cemetery in Skopje
, Macedonia
following a funeral officiated by the head of the Macedonian Orthodox Church
, Archbishop Stephen of Ohrid. The government of Macedonia declared January 18, 2008, as a national day of mourning
.
Republic of Macedonia
Macedonia , officially the Republic of Macedonia , is a country located in the central Balkan peninsula in Southeast Europe. It is one of the successor states of the former Yugoslavia, from which it declared independence in 1991...
academician
Academician
The title Academician denotes a Full Member of an art, literary, or scientific academy.In many countries, it is an honorary title. There also exists a lower-rank title, variously translated Corresponding Member or Associate Member, .-Eastern Europe and China:"Academician" may also be a functional...
and politician
Politician
A politician, political leader, or political figure is an individual who is involved in influencing public policy and decision making...
. Kljusev served as the first Prime Minister of the Republic of Macedonia
Prime Minister of the Republic of Macedonia
The Prime Minister of the Republic of Macedonia is the head of government of the Republic of Macedonia. He or she is the leader of a political coalition in the Macedonian parliament and the leader of the cabinet...
from January 27, 1991 until August 17, 1992, following the country's independence from the former Yugoslavia
Yugoslavia
Yugoslavia refers to three political entities that existed successively on the western part of the Balkans during most of the 20th century....
in 1991.
Early life
Nikola Kljusev was born in ŠtipŠtip
Štip is the largest urban agglomeration in the eastern part of the Republic of Macedonia, serving as the economic, industrial, entertainment and educational focal point for the surrounding municipalities. As of the 2002 census, the Štip municipality alone had a population of about 47,796...
, Republic of Macedonia
Republic of Macedonia
Macedonia , officially the Republic of Macedonia , is a country located in the central Balkan peninsula in Southeast Europe. It is one of the successor states of the former Yugoslavia, from which it declared independence in 1991...
, on October 2, 1927. He graduated from the University of Belgrade
University of Belgrade
The University of Belgrade is the oldest and largest university of Serbia.Founded in 1808 as the Belgrade Higher School in revolutionary Serbia, by 1838 it merged with the Kragujevac-based departments into a single university...
Faculty of Economics
University of Belgrade Faculty of Economics
The University of Belgrade Faculty of Economics is one of the educational institutions of the University of Belgrade, Serbia. The building is located in the city center of Belgrade...
in 1953, before obtaining his doctorate
Doctorate
A doctorate is an academic degree or professional degree that in most countries refers to a class of degrees which qualify the holder to teach in a specific field, A doctorate is an academic degree or professional degree that in most countries refers to a class of degrees which qualify the holder...
in economics at the same university in 1964. Kljusev's doctoral thesis was "Criteria and Methods for Assessment of Economic Effectiveness of Investments".
Economics
Kljusev began his career in economic academiaAcademia
Academia is the community of students and scholars engaged in higher education and research.-Etymology:The word comes from the akademeia in ancient Greece. Outside the city walls of Athens, the gymnasium was made famous by Plato as a center of learning...
as an assistant at the Institute for Industrial Scientific Research. He later served as a researcher
Researcher
A researcher is somebody who performs research, the search for knowledge or in general any systematic investigation to establish facts. Researchers can work in academic, industrial, government, or private institutions.-Examples of research institutions:...
and director
Executive director
Executive director is a term sometimes applied to the chief executive officer or managing director of an organization, company, or corporation. It is widely used in North American non-profit organizations, though in recent decades many U.S. nonprofits have adopted the title "President/CEO"...
of the Economics Institute in Skopje. Kljusev also served as a professor and dean of the Skopje Faculty of Economics. Kljusev was elected to the Macedonian Academy of Arts and Sciences (MANU) in 1988 and remained at the organization until his death in 2008.
Politics
Nikola Kljusev served as the first Prime Minister of the Republic of MacedoniaPrime Minister of the Republic of Macedonia
The Prime Minister of the Republic of Macedonia is the head of government of the Republic of Macedonia. He or she is the leader of a political coalition in the Macedonian parliament and the leader of the cabinet...
for 19 months in 1991 and 1992 following the country's separation from Yugoslavia. Kljusev is credited with ushering Macedonia through a largely peaceful transition to full inpendendence. Macedonia's independence was in sharp contrast to the violent wars that engulfed other nations of the former Yugoslavia, such as Croatia
Croatia
Croatia , officially the Republic of Croatia , is a unitary democratic parliamentary republic in Europe at the crossroads of the Mitteleuropa, the Balkans, and the Mediterranean. Its capital and largest city is Zagreb. The country is divided into 20 counties and the city of Zagreb. Croatia covers ...
and Bosnia-Herzegovina, during the 1990s.
Under Kljusev's leadership (and background in economics), the denar was introduced as Macedonia's new national currency
Currency
In economics, currency refers to a generally accepted medium of exchange. These are usually the coins and banknotes of a particular government, which comprise the physical aspects of a nation's money supply...
. He also headed the difficult negotiations to withdraw the Yugoslav military of the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia from Macedonia as Prime Minister.
Kljusev was an non-partisan prime minister, and, thus, was not a member of any political party
Political party
A political party is a political organization that typically seeks to influence government policy, usually by nominating their own candidates and trying to seat them in political office. Parties participate in electoral campaigns, educational outreach or protest actions...
while in office.
(non-partisan). He later joined VMRO-DPMNE, a major Macedonian political party, after leaving office. He was elected elected President of the Council of the VMRO-DPMNE in 1997.
Nikola Kljusev returned to public office later as the Defence Minister of the Republic of Macedonia, from 1998 until 2000.
Death
Nikola Kljusev died in Macedonia on January 16, 2008. His death was announced by the Macedonian Academy of Science and Arts (MANU).Kljusev was buried in the Alley of the Greats at Butel cemetery in Skopje
Skopje
Skopje is the capital and largest city of the Republic of Macedonia with about a third of the total population. It is the country's political, cultural, economic, and academic centre...
, Macedonia
Republic of Macedonia
Macedonia , officially the Republic of Macedonia , is a country located in the central Balkan peninsula in Southeast Europe. It is one of the successor states of the former Yugoslavia, from which it declared independence in 1991...
following a funeral officiated by the head of the Macedonian Orthodox Church
Macedonian Orthodox Church
The Macedonian Orthodox Church – Ohrid Archbishopric or just Macedonian Orthodox Church is the body of Christians who are united under the Archbishop of Ohrid and Macedonia, exercising jurisdiction over Macedonian Orthodox Christians in the Republic of Macedonia and in exarchates in the Macedonian...
, Archbishop Stephen of Ohrid. The government of Macedonia declared January 18, 2008, as a national day of mourning
Day of Mourning
The Day of Mourning was a day of protest held by Aboriginal Australians on 26 January 1938, the sesquicentenary of British colonisation of Australia...
.