Maximilian Spinola
Encyclopedia
Maximilian Spinola was an Italian
entomologist
.
, Hérault
, France
. The family of Spinola
was of very long standing and had great wealth and power in Genoa
. Maximilian Spinola was a descendant of the famous Spanish General Ambrogio Spinola, marqués de los Balbases (1569–1630) and much of his wealth derived from land held in Spain
and South America
.
s from his properties in Spain and South America. He also made extensive, and expensive purchases especially of large showy tropical
beetle
s and wasp
s. His entomological contributions were mainly in the orders Coleoptera, Hymenoptera
and Hemiptera
.
Spinola made very important contributions to entomology
, describing many taxa , especially in Spinola M. M., 1850.Tavola sinottica dei generi spettani all classe degli insetti Arthroidignati, Hemiptera Linn., Latr. - Rhyngota Fab. - Rhynchota Burm. Memoria del Socio Attuale signor Marchese Massimiliano Spinola Modena, Dal tipi delle R.D. Camera. Soc. Ital. Sci., T.25, pt.1: 138 pp.
He is listed, as Count Maximilian Spinola, as an ordinary member of the Entomological Society of London in the Society's first volume of transactions published in 1836.At that time he lived in Genoa
.
Spinola's Coleoptera (with types purchased from Dejean), Hymenoptera
(with types purchased from Audinet-Serville
and Lepeletier
and specimens from the Pierre André Latreille
Collection), Heteroptera
and Homoptera
collections are in Museo Regionale di Scienze Naturali
in Turin
, Italy
. Other specimens are in Museo storia naturale di Pisa
. Most of his type specimens are extant and in good condition.
He died in Tassarolo
, Alessandria
, Italy.
Italy
Italy , officially the Italian Republic languages]] under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages. In each of these, Italy's official name is as follows:;;;;;;;;), is a unitary parliamentary republic in South-Central Europe. To the north it borders France, Switzerland, Austria and...
entomologist
Entomology
Entomology is the scientific study of insects, a branch of arthropodology...
.
Background
Spinola was born in PézenasPézenas
Pézenas is a commune in the Hérault département in Languedoc-Roussillon, southern France. At the 1999 census, its population was 7443.-Name:...
, Hérault
Hérault
Hérault is a department in the south of France named after the Hérault river.-History:Hérault is one of the original 83 departments created during the French Revolution on 4 March 1790...
, France
France
The French Republic , The French Republic , The French Republic , (commonly known as France , is a unitary semi-presidential republic in Western Europe with several overseas territories and islands located on other continents and in the Indian, Pacific, and Atlantic oceans. Metropolitan France...
. The family of Spinola
Spinola Family
The Spinola were a leading political family in Genoa in the 13th and 14th centuries.Guido Spinola was one of the first important members of the family. He served as Consul of Genoa in 1102. The Spinola were generally Ghibellines and in league with the Doria Family.The next Spinola to come to...
was of very long standing and had great wealth and power in Genoa
Genoa
Genoa |Ligurian]] Zena ; Latin and, archaically, English Genua) is a city and an important seaport in northern Italy, the capital of the Province of Genoa and of the region of Liguria....
. Maximilian Spinola was a descendant of the famous Spanish General Ambrogio Spinola, marqués de los Balbases (1569–1630) and much of his wealth derived from land held in Spain
Spain
Spain , officially the Kingdom of Spain languages]] under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages. In each of these, Spain's official name is as follows:;;;;;;), is a country and member state of the European Union located in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula...
and South America
South America
South America is a continent situated in the Western Hemisphere, mostly in the Southern Hemisphere, with a relatively small portion in the Northern Hemisphere. The continent is also considered a subcontinent of the Americas. It is bordered on the west by the Pacific Ocean and on the north and east...
.
Research
He received many insectInsect
Insects are a class of living creatures within the arthropods that have a chitinous exoskeleton, a three-part body , three pairs of jointed legs, compound eyes, and two antennae...
s from his properties in Spain and South America. He also made extensive, and expensive purchases especially of large showy tropical
Tropics
The tropics is a region of the Earth surrounding the Equator. It is limited in latitude by the Tropic of Cancer in the northern hemisphere at approximately N and the Tropic of Capricorn in the southern hemisphere at S; these latitudes correspond to the axial tilt of the Earth...
beetle
Beetle
Coleoptera is an order of insects commonly called beetles. The word "coleoptera" is from the Greek , koleos, "sheath"; and , pteron, "wing", thus "sheathed wing". Coleoptera contains more species than any other order, constituting almost 25% of all known life-forms...
s and wasp
Wasp
The term wasp is typically defined as any insect of the order Hymenoptera and suborder Apocrita that is neither a bee nor an ant. Almost every pest insect species has at least one wasp species that preys upon it or parasitizes it, making wasps critically important in natural control of their...
s. His entomological contributions were mainly in the orders Coleoptera, Hymenoptera
Hymenoptera
Hymenoptera is one of the largest orders of insects, comprising the sawflies, wasps, bees and ants. There are over 130,000 recognized species, with many more remaining to be described. The name refers to the heavy wings of the insects, and is derived from the Ancient Greek ὑμήν : membrane and...
and Hemiptera
Hemiptera
Hemiptera is an order of insects most often known as the true bugs , comprising around 50,000–80,000 species of cicadas, aphids, planthoppers, leafhoppers, shield bugs, and others...
.
Spinola made very important contributions to entomology
Entomology
Entomology is the scientific study of insects, a branch of arthropodology...
, describing many taxa , especially in Spinola M. M., 1850.Tavola sinottica dei generi spettani all classe degli insetti Arthroidignati, Hemiptera Linn., Latr. - Rhyngota Fab. - Rhynchota Burm. Memoria del Socio Attuale signor Marchese Massimiliano Spinola Modena, Dal tipi delle R.D. Camera. Soc. Ital. Sci., T.25, pt.1: 138 pp.
He is listed, as Count Maximilian Spinola, as an ordinary member of the Entomological Society of London in the Society's first volume of transactions published in 1836.At that time he lived in Genoa
Genoa
Genoa |Ligurian]] Zena ; Latin and, archaically, English Genua) is a city and an important seaport in northern Italy, the capital of the Province of Genoa and of the region of Liguria....
.
Spinola's Coleoptera (with types purchased from Dejean), Hymenoptera
Hymenoptera
Hymenoptera is one of the largest orders of insects, comprising the sawflies, wasps, bees and ants. There are over 130,000 recognized species, with many more remaining to be described. The name refers to the heavy wings of the insects, and is derived from the Ancient Greek ὑμήν : membrane and...
(with types purchased from Audinet-Serville
Jean Guillaume Audinet-Serville
Jean Guillaume Audinet-Serville was a French entomologist, born on November 11, 1775 in Paris. He died on March 27 , 1858 in La Ferté-sous-Jouarre....
and Lepeletier
Amédée Louis Michel Lepeletier de Saint Fargeau
Amédée Louis Michel le Peletier, comte de Saint-Fargeau , also spelled Lepeletier or Lepelletier, was a French entomologist, and specialist in the Hymenoptera....
and specimens from the Pierre André Latreille
Pierre André Latreille
Pierre André Latreille was a French zoologist, specialising in arthropods. Having trained as a Roman Catholic priest before the French Revolution, Latreille was imprisoned, and only regained his freedom after recognising a rare species he found in the prison, Necrobia ruficollis...
Collection), Heteroptera
Heteroptera
Heteroptera is a group of about 40,000 species of insects in the Hemiptera. Sometimes called "true bugs", that name more commonly refers to Hemiptera as a whole, and "typical bugs" might be used as a more unequivocal alternative since among the Hemiptera the heteropterans are most consistently and...
and Homoptera
Homoptera
Homoptera is a deprecated suborder of order Hemiptera; recent morphological studies and DNA analysis strongly suggests that the order is paraphyletic. It was therefore split into the suborders Sternorrhyncha, Auchenorrhyncha, and Coleorrhyncha....
collections are in Museo Regionale di Scienze Naturali
Turin Museum of Natural History
The Turin Museum of Natural History was established in 1978 to house the natural history collections of the University of Turin and other collections of naturali history, originated from specific research campaigns and donations...
in Turin
Turin
Turin is a city and major business and cultural centre in northern Italy, capital of the Piedmont region, located mainly on the left bank of the Po River and surrounded by the Alpine arch. The population of the city proper is 909,193 while the population of the urban area is estimated by Eurostat...
, Italy
Italy
Italy , officially the Italian Republic languages]] under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages. In each of these, Italy's official name is as follows:;;;;;;;;), is a unitary parliamentary republic in South-Central Europe. To the north it borders France, Switzerland, Austria and...
. Other specimens are in Museo storia naturale di Pisa
Museo storia naturale di Pisa
Museo storia naturale di Pisa is an Italian natural history museum at Pisa. It is part of the University of Pisa and is now located in Pisa Charterhouse 10 km from the city of Pisa in the comune of Calci....
. Most of his type specimens are extant and in good condition.
He died in Tassarolo
Tassarolo
Tassarolo is a comune in the Province of Alessandria in the Italian region Piedmont, located about 90 km southeast of Turin and about 25 km southeast of Alessandria. As of 31 December 2004, it had a population of 598 and an area of 7.1 km².Tassarolo borders the following...
, Alessandria
Province of Alessandria
The Province of Alessandria is an Italian province, with a population of some 430,000, which forms the southeastern part of the region of Piedmont. The provincial capital is the city of Alessandria....
, Italy.
Works
- 1806. Insectorum Liguriæ Species Novæ aut Rariores, quas in agro Ligustico nuper detexit, descripsit, et iconibus illustravit. Tom. 1. xvii+159 pp. Genuæ.
- 1808. Insectorum Liguriae species novae aut rariores, quae in agro Ligustico nuper detexit, descripsit et iconibus illustravit Maximilianus Spinola, adjecto Catalogo spiecierum auctoribus jam enumeratarum, quae in eadam regione occurrunt, Vol. 2. Gravier, Genuae.
- 1839. Compte rendu des hyménoptères recueillis par M. Fischer pendant son voyage en Égypte, et communiqués par M. le Docteur Waltl a Maximilien. Annales de la Société Entomologique de France 7: 437-546.
- 1839 Essai sur les Fulgorelles, sous-tribu de la tribu des Cicadaires, ordre des Rhynchotes Ann. Soc. ent. France 8, 133-137, 339-454
- 1843. Sur quelques Hyménoptères peu connus, recueillis en Espagne, pendant l’année 1842, par M. Victor GhilianiVittore GhilianiVittore Ghiliani , was an Italian entomologistFrom 1832 until his death he worked as an Assistant in the Zoological Museum of Turin where he was responsible for the Hymenoptera and Coleoptera collections of Maximilian Spinola and the Ferdinando Breme collection of Coleoptera and Diptera.Vittore...
, voyageur-naturaliste. Annales de la Société Entomologique de France (2)1: 111-144. - 1851. Hyménopteros. in Gay, C., Historia Fisica y Politica de Chile. Zoologia. Vol. 6. Casa del autor, Paris. pp. 153–569.
- 1853. Compte rendu des hyménoptères inédits provenants du voyage entomologique de M. Ghiliani dans le Para en 1846. Memoire della Reale Accademia della Scienze di Torino (2)13: 19-94.http://antbase.org/ants/publications/2746/2746.pdf
External links
- Internet Archive Digital version of Compte rendu des Hyménoptères inédits Provenants du voyage entomologique de M. GhilianiVittore GhilianiVittore Ghiliani , was an Italian entomologistFrom 1832 until his death he worked as an Assistant in the Zoological Museum of Turin where he was responsible for the Hymenoptera and Coleoptera collections of Maximilian Spinola and the Ferdinando Breme collection of Coleoptera and Diptera.Vittore...
dans la Para en 1846.Memorie della Reale Accademia delle Scienze di Torino, Volume: 13, Series 2, Pages: 19-94 1853.