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Max Knoll (17 July 1897 – 6 November 1969) was a German
Germany

Germany , officially the Federal Republic of Germany , is a country in Central Europe. It is bordered to the north by the North Sea, Denmark, and the Baltic Sea; to the east by Poland and the Czech Republic; to the south by Austria and Switzerland; and to the west by France, Luxembourg, Belgium, and the Netherlands....
 electrical engineer.

Knoll was born in Wiesbaden
Wiesbaden

Wiesbaden is a city in southwestern Germany and the capital of the States of Germany of Hesse. It has about 300,400 inhabitants, plus approximately 35,000 United States citizens ....
 and studied in Munich
Munich

Munich is the capital city of Bavaria, Germany. Munich is located on the River Isar north of the Northern Limestone Alps. Munich is the third largest city in Germany, after Berlin and Hamburg....
 and at the Technical University of Berlin
Technical University of Berlin

The Technical University of Berlin is located in Berlin, Germany.It was founded in 1879 and, with nearly 30,000 students, is one of the largest technical universities in Germany....
, where he obtained his doctorate in the Institute for high voltage technology. In 1927 he became the leader of the electron research group there, where he and his co-worker, Ernst Ruska
Ernst Ruska

Ernst August Friedrich Ruska was a Germany physics who won the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1986 for his work in electron optics, including the design of the first electron microscope....
, invented the electron microscope
Electron microscope

An electron microscope is a type of microscope that uses a particle beam of electrons to illuminate a specimen and create a highly-magnified image....
. In April 1932, Knoll joined Telefunken
Telefunken

Telefunken is a Germany radio and television company, founded in 1903, in Berlin, as a joint venture of two large companies, Siemens & Halske and the AEG....
 in Berlin to do developmental work in the field of television
Television

Television is a widely used telecommunication mass-media for transmitting and receiving moving , either monochrome or color, usually accompanied by sound....
 design.






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Max Knoll (17 July 1897 – 6 November 1969) was a German
Germany

Germany , officially the Federal Republic of Germany , is a country in Central Europe. It is bordered to the north by the North Sea, Denmark, and the Baltic Sea; to the east by Poland and the Czech Republic; to the south by Austria and Switzerland; and to the west by France, Luxembourg, Belgium, and the Netherlands....
 electrical engineer.

Knoll was born in Wiesbaden
Wiesbaden

Wiesbaden is a city in southwestern Germany and the capital of the States of Germany of Hesse. It has about 300,400 inhabitants, plus approximately 35,000 United States citizens ....
 and studied in Munich
Munich

Munich is the capital city of Bavaria, Germany. Munich is located on the River Isar north of the Northern Limestone Alps. Munich is the third largest city in Germany, after Berlin and Hamburg....
 and at the Technical University of Berlin
Technical University of Berlin

The Technical University of Berlin is located in Berlin, Germany.It was founded in 1879 and, with nearly 30,000 students, is one of the largest technical universities in Germany....
, where he obtained his doctorate in the Institute for high voltage technology. In 1927 he became the leader of the electron research group there, where he and his co-worker, Ernst Ruska
Ernst Ruska

Ernst August Friedrich Ruska was a Germany physics who won the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1986 for his work in electron optics, including the design of the first electron microscope....
, invented the electron microscope
Electron microscope

An electron microscope is a type of microscope that uses a particle beam of electrons to illuminate a specimen and create a highly-magnified image....
. In April 1932, Knoll joined Telefunken
Telefunken

Telefunken is a Germany radio and television company, founded in 1903, in Berlin, as a joint venture of two large companies, Siemens & Halske and the AEG....
 in Berlin to do developmental work in the field of television
Television

Television is a widely used telecommunication mass-media for transmitting and receiving moving , either monochrome or color, usually accompanied by sound....
 design. He also was a private lecturer in Berlin.

After World War II
World War II

World War II, or the Second World War , was a global military conflict which involved a Participants in World War II, including all of the great powers, organised into two opposing military alliances: the Allies of World War II and the Axis powers....
, Knoll joined the University of Munich as extraordinary professor and director of the institute for electromedicine. He moved to the USA in 1948, to work at the department of Electrical Engineering at the University of Princeton.

In 1956 he returned to Munich and engaged in a series of experiments at the Technische Hochschule, involving the generation of phosphene
Phosphene

A phosphene is an entoptic phenomenon characterized by the experience of seeing light without light actually entering the eye. The word phosphene comes from the Greek words phos and phainein ....
s by electrically stimulating the brains of himself and other subjects. He retired in 1966.