Marlboro, Vermont
Encyclopedia
Marlboro is a town in Windham County
, Vermont
, United States
. The population was 978 at the 2000 census. The town is home to both the Southern Vermont Natural History Museum and Marlboro College
, which each summer hosts the Marlboro Music School and Festival
.
, the town was a New Hampshire grant
chartered on April 29, 1751 to Timothy Dwight and 64 others from Northampton
, Massachusetts
and vicinity. But the French and Indian War
prevented settlement, so the charter was renewed by Governor Benning Wentworth
on September 21, 1761, then again on April 17, 1764 as New Marlborough. First settled in 1763, the town grew rapidly between 1764 and 1770 with emigrants from Massachusetts and Connecticut
.
Although the terrain
is mountainous, the soil is rich and deep, which allowed farmer
s to grow good crops. When the population was 896 in 1859, the community was almost exclusively agricultural
. In 1946, Marlboro College
was founded by Walter Hendricks for returning World War II
veterans. In 2006, Marlboro was one of the first American towns to have its citizens pass a resolution endorsing the impeachment of
President George W. Bush
.
Marlboro was one of thirteen Vermont towns isolated by flooding caused by Hurricane Irene
in 2011.
, the town has a total area of 40.7 square miles (105.3 km2), of which 40.3 square miles (104.5 km2) is land and 0.3 square mile (0.8 km2) (0.79%) is water. Marlboro is drained by the western branch of the West River
, Whetstone Brook and the Green River.
The town is crossed by Vermont Route 9.
of 2000, there were 978 people, 330 households, and 215 families residing in the town. The population density
was 24.3 people per square mile (9.4/km2). There were 497 housing units at an average density of 12.3 per square mile (4.8/km2). The racial makeup of the town was 96.32% White, 0.20% African American, 0.20% Native American, 1.02% Asian, 0.41% Pacific Islander, 0.72% from other races
, and 1.12% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.82% of the population.
There were 330 households out of which 30.6% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 55.8% were married couples
living together, 6.1% had a female householder with no husband present, and 34.8% were non-families. 25.5% of all households were made up of individuals and 10.0% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.39 and the average family size was 2.90.
In the town the population was spread out with 19.0% under the age of 18, 23.3% from 18 to 24, 20.1% from 25 to 44, 27.5% from 45 to 64, and 10.0% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 37 years. For every 100 females there were 96.0 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 90.4 males.
The median income for a household in the town was $41,429, and the median income for a family was $44,861. Males had a median income of $30,313 versus $25,673 for females. The per capita income
for the town was $19,503. About 0.9% of families and 3.9% of the population were below the poverty line, including 1.9% of those under age 18 and 7.6% of those age 65 or over.
Windham County, Vermont
Windham County is a county located in the U.S. state of Vermont. As of 2010, the population was 44,513. Its shire town is Newfane.-Geography:According to the U.S...
, Vermont
Vermont
Vermont is a state in the New England region of the northeastern United States of America. The state ranks 43rd in land area, , and 45th in total area. Its population according to the 2010 census, 630,337, is the second smallest in the country, larger only than Wyoming. It is the only New England...
, United States
United States
The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
. The population was 978 at the 2000 census. The town is home to both the Southern Vermont Natural History Museum and Marlboro College
Marlboro College
Marlboro College is a small, coeducational, alternative liberal-arts college in Marlboro, Vermont, USA.-History:Marlboro College was founded in 1946 by Walter Hendricks for returning World War II veterans on Potash Hill in Marlboro, Vermont. The school's operation was initially financed using money...
, which each summer hosts the Marlboro Music School and Festival
Marlboro Music School and Festival
The Marlboro Music School and Festival is a retreat for advanced classical training and musicianship held for seven weeks each summer in Marlboro, Vermont...
.
History
Named for the Duke of MarlboroughCharles Spencer, 3rd Duke of Marlborough
Charles Spencer, 3rd Duke of Marlborough KG, PC , known as The Earl of Sunderland between 1729 and 1733, was a British soldier and politician. He briefly served as Lord Privy Seal in 1755...
, the town was a New Hampshire grant
New Hampshire Grants
The New Hampshire Grants or Benning Wentworth Grants were land grants made between 1749 and 1764 by the provincial governor of New Hampshire, Benning Wentworth. The land grants, totaling about 135 , were made on land claimed by New Hampshire west of the Connecticut River, territory that was also...
chartered on April 29, 1751 to Timothy Dwight and 64 others from Northampton
Northampton, Massachusetts
The city of Northampton is the county seat of Hampshire County, Massachusetts, United States. As of the 2010 census, the population of Northampton's central neighborhoods, was 28,549...
, Massachusetts
Massachusetts
The Commonwealth of Massachusetts is a state in the New England region of the northeastern United States of America. It is bordered by Rhode Island and Connecticut to the south, New York to the west, and Vermont and New Hampshire to the north; at its east lies the Atlantic Ocean. As of the 2010...
and vicinity. But the French and Indian War
French and Indian War
The French and Indian War is the common American name for the war between Great Britain and France in North America from 1754 to 1763. In 1756, the war erupted into the world-wide conflict known as the Seven Years' War and thus came to be regarded as the North American theater of that war...
prevented settlement, so the charter was renewed by Governor Benning Wentworth
Benning Wentworth
Benning Wentworth was the colonial governor of New Hampshire from 1741 to 1766.-Biography:The eldest child of the John Wentworth who had been Lieutenant Governor, he was born and died in Portsmouth, New Hampshire. Wentworth graduated from Harvard College in 1715...
on September 21, 1761, then again on April 17, 1764 as New Marlborough. First settled in 1763, the town grew rapidly between 1764 and 1770 with emigrants from Massachusetts and Connecticut
Connecticut
Connecticut is a state in the New England region of the northeastern United States. It is bordered by Rhode Island to the east, Massachusetts to the north, and the state of New York to the west and the south .Connecticut is named for the Connecticut River, the major U.S. river that approximately...
.
Although the terrain
Terrain
Terrain, or land relief, is the vertical and horizontal dimension of land surface. When relief is described underwater, the term bathymetry is used...
is mountainous, the soil is rich and deep, which allowed farmer
Farmer
A farmer is a person engaged in agriculture, who raises living organisms for food or raw materials, generally including livestock husbandry and growing crops, such as produce and grain...
s to grow good crops. When the population was 896 in 1859, the community was almost exclusively agricultural
Agriculture
Agriculture is the cultivation of animals, plants, fungi and other life forms for food, fiber, and other products used to sustain life. Agriculture was the key implement in the rise of sedentary human civilization, whereby farming of domesticated species created food surpluses that nurtured the...
. In 1946, Marlboro College
Marlboro College
Marlboro College is a small, coeducational, alternative liberal-arts college in Marlboro, Vermont, USA.-History:Marlboro College was founded in 1946 by Walter Hendricks for returning World War II veterans on Potash Hill in Marlboro, Vermont. The school's operation was initially financed using money...
was founded by Walter Hendricks for returning World War II
World War II
World War II, or the Second World War , was a global conflict lasting from 1939 to 1945, involving most of the world's nations—including all of the great powers—eventually forming two opposing military alliances: the Allies and the Axis...
veterans. In 2006, Marlboro was one of the first American towns to have its citizens pass a resolution endorsing the impeachment of
Movement to impeach George W. Bush
During the presidency of George W. Bush, several American politicians sought to either investigate Bush for allegedly impeachable offenses, or to bring actual impeachment charges on the floor of the United States House of Representatives Judiciary Committee...
President George W. Bush
George W. Bush
George Walker Bush is an American politician who served as the 43rd President of the United States, from 2001 to 2009. Before that, he was the 46th Governor of Texas, having served from 1995 to 2000....
.
Marlboro was one of thirteen Vermont towns isolated by flooding caused by Hurricane Irene
Hurricane Irene (2011)
Hurricane Irene was a large and powerful Atlantic hurricane that left extensive flood and wind damage along its path through the Caribbean, the United States East Coast and as far north as Atlantic Canada in 2011...
in 2011.
Geography
According to the United States Census BureauUnited States Census Bureau
The United States Census Bureau is the government agency that is responsible for the United States Census. It also gathers other national demographic and economic data...
, the town has a total area of 40.7 square miles (105.3 km2), of which 40.3 square miles (104.5 km2) is land and 0.3 square mile (0.8 km2) (0.79%) is water. Marlboro is drained by the western branch of the West River
West River (Vermont)
The West River is a tributary of the Connecticut River, about long, in southern Vermont in the United States. According to the Geographic Names Information System, it has also been known historically as "Wantastiquet" and as "Waters of the Lonely Way"...
, Whetstone Brook and the Green River.
The town is crossed by Vermont Route 9.
Demographics
As of the censusCensus
A census is the procedure of systematically acquiring and recording information about the members of a given population. It is a regularly occurring and official count of a particular population. The term is used mostly in connection with national population and housing censuses; other common...
of 2000, there were 978 people, 330 households, and 215 families residing in the town. The population density
Population density
Population density is a measurement of population per unit area or unit volume. It is frequently applied to living organisms, and particularly to humans...
was 24.3 people per square mile (9.4/km2). There were 497 housing units at an average density of 12.3 per square mile (4.8/km2). The racial makeup of the town was 96.32% White, 0.20% African American, 0.20% Native American, 1.02% Asian, 0.41% Pacific Islander, 0.72% from other races
Race (United States Census)
Race and ethnicity in the United States Census, as defined by the Federal Office of Management and Budget and the United States Census Bureau, are self-identification data items in which residents choose the race or races with which they most closely identify, and indicate whether or not they are...
, and 1.12% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.82% of the population.
There were 330 households out of which 30.6% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 55.8% were married couples
Marriage
Marriage is a social union or legal contract between people that creates kinship. It is an institution in which interpersonal relationships, usually intimate and sexual, are acknowledged in a variety of ways, depending on the culture or subculture in which it is found...
living together, 6.1% had a female householder with no husband present, and 34.8% were non-families. 25.5% of all households were made up of individuals and 10.0% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.39 and the average family size was 2.90.
In the town the population was spread out with 19.0% under the age of 18, 23.3% from 18 to 24, 20.1% from 25 to 44, 27.5% from 45 to 64, and 10.0% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 37 years. For every 100 females there were 96.0 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 90.4 males.
The median income for a household in the town was $41,429, and the median income for a family was $44,861. Males had a median income of $30,313 versus $25,673 for females. The per capita income
Per capita income
Per capita income or income per person is a measure of mean income within an economic aggregate, such as a country or city. It is calculated by taking a measure of all sources of income in the aggregate and dividing it by the total population...
for the town was $19,503. About 0.9% of families and 3.9% of the population were below the poverty line, including 1.9% of those under age 18 and 7.6% of those age 65 or over.
Sites of interest
Notable people
- Newel KnightNewel KnightNewel Knight was a close friend of Joseph Smith, Jr. and one of the first branch presidents in The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints....
, religious leader. - Richard LewontinRichard LewontinRichard Charles "Dick" Lewontin is an American evolutionary biologist, geneticist and social commentator. A leader in developing the mathematical basis of population genetics and evolutionary theory, he pioneered the notion of using techniques from molecular biology such as gel electrophoresis to...
, biologist. - Margaret MacArthurMargaret MacArthurMargaret MacArthur was an American singer and player of the Appalachian dulcimer.Margaret Crowl was born in Chicago. As a youngster, she moved around with her family - in California, Louisiana, and Arizona. She remembered that at the age of five she heard cowboys on the timber crew singing folk...
, folk historian, musician. - John MacArthurJohn MacArthurJohn MacArthur may refer to:* John Macarthur , Australian wool industry pioneer and Rum Rebel* John McArthur, Jr. , American architect* John McArthur , Union general during the American Civil War...
, physicist, professor. - Joseph MazurJoseph MazurJoseph C. Mazur is Professor Emeritus of Mathematics at Marlboro College, in Marlboro, Vermont.He holds a B.S. from Pratt Institute, where he first studied architecture. He spent his junior year in Paris, studying mathematics in classes with Claude Chevalley and Roger Godement and returned to...
, mathematician, professor. - Louis MoyseLouis MoyseLouis Moyse was a famous French flute player and composer. He was the son of influential French flutist Marcel Moyse. He was a co-founder of the Vermont Marlboro Music Festival and was a teacher to top flutists all over the world. He died of heart failure at age 94.Louis Moyse was born in...
, flute player and composer. - Blanche Honegger MoyseBlanche Honegger MoyseBlanche Honegger Moyse was a conductor living in Brattleboro, Vermont. She was particularly admired for her devotion to the choral works of Johann Sebastian Bach and her ability to draw deeply moving performances from both amateur and professional musicians...
, conductor. - Edson B. OldsEdson B. OldsEdson Baldwin Olds was a three-term U.S. Representative from Ohio. During the American Civil War, he was a leading member of the Peace Democrats. He was the great-grandfather of United States Army Air Forces Maj. Gen. Robert Olds, and the great-great grandfather of United States Air Force Brig. Gen...
, congressman. - Tasha Tudor, author and illustrator of children's books.