Mapam

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Mapam

Mapam (an acronym for Mifleget HaPoalim HaMeuhedet , lit. United Workers Party) was a political party

List of political parties in Israel

Israel's political system is based on proportional representation which allows for a multi-party system with numerous parties. Although there are three major parties, a single party usually has no chance of gaining power by itself, forcing the parties to cooperate and form coalition governments....
in Israel

Israel

Israel officially the State of Israel , is a country in the Middle East located on the eastern shore of the Mediterranean Sea. It borders Lebanon in the north, Syria in the northeast, Jordan in the east, and Egypt on the southwest, and contains geographically diverse features within its relatively small area....
and is one of the ancestors of the modern-day Meretz-Yachad

Meretz-Yachad

The New Movement-Meretz , previously known as Meretz, then Yachad, and then Meretz-Yachad is a left-wing, Zionist, Social democracy List of political parties in Israel in Israel, which emphasizes the Israeli peace camp, human rights, religious freedom and green politics....
party.

m was a descendant of the left wing

Left-wing politics

In politics, left-wing, leftist, and the Left are terms applied to Social progressivism and Egalitarianism positions. Originally, during the French Revolution, left-wing referred to seating arrangements in parliament; those who sat on the left opposed the monarchy and supported Political radicalism reform....
of the Poale Zion

Poale Zion

Poale Zion was a Movement of Marxism Zionism Jewish workers circles founded in various cities of the Russian Empire about the turn of the century after the General Jewish Labor Union rejected Zionism in 1901....
movement. It merged with Hashomer Hatzair

Hashomer Hatzair

Hashomer Hatzair is a Socialist-Zionism youth movement founded in 1913 in Galicia , Austria-Hungary, and was also the name of the group's political party in the Yishuv in the pre-1948 British Mandate of Palestine....
and, in 1948, Ahdut HaAvoda

Ahdut HaAvoda

Ahdut HaAvoda was a List of political parties in Israel in Israel and is one of the ancestors of the modern-day Israeli Labor Party....
; the latter included some of the right wing

Right-wing politics

In politics, right-wing, rightist and the Right are terms applied to Conservatism and reactionary positions. Originally, during the French Revolution, right-wing referred to seating arrangements in parliament; those who sat on the right supported the monarchy and aristocracy....
of Poale Zion, who had joined David Ben-Gurion

David Ben-Gurion

was the first Prime Minister of Israel. Ben-Gurion's passion for Zionism, which began early in life, culminated in his instrumental role in the founding of the state of Israel....
's Mapai

Mapai

Mapai was a Left-wing politics List of political parties in Israel in Israel, and was the dominant force in Israeli politics until its merger into the Israeli Labor Party in 1968....
but then broken back away.

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Mapam (an acronym for Mifleget HaPoalim HaMeuhedet , lit. United Workers Party) was a political party

List of political parties in Israel

Israel

Meretz-Yachad

History

Mapam was a descendant of the left wing

Left-wing politics

Poale Zion

Hashomer Hatzair

Ahdut HaAvoda

Ahdut HaAvoda was a List of political parties in Israel in Israel and is one of the ancestors of the modern-day Israeli Labor Party....
; the latter included some of the right wing

Right-wing politics

David Ben-Gurion

was the first Prime Minister of Israel. Ben-Gurion's passion for Zionism, which began early in life, culminated in his instrumental role in the founding of the state of Israel....
's Mapai

Mapai

Marxism

Marxism is the political philosophy and practice derived from the work of Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels. Marxism holds at its core a Marxist analysis of Critique of capitalism and a theory of social change....
-Zionist

Zionism

Zionism is the international Jewish political movement that originally supported the reestablishment of a homeland for the Jewish People in Palestine....
in its outlook and represented the left-wing Kibbutz Artzi

Kibbutz Movement

The Kibbutz Movement is the largest settlement movement for kibbutzim in Israel. It was formed in 1999 by a partial merger of the United Kibbutz Movement and Kibbutz Artzi....
movement.

In the elections for the first Knesset

Israeli legislative election, 1949

Elections in Israel for the Constituent Assembly were held in newly-independent Israel on 25 January, 1949. Voter turnout was 85.8%. Two days after its first meeting on 14 February, 1949, legislators voted to change the name of the body to the Knesset ....
, Mapam took 19 seats, making it the second largest party after Mapai. As the party did not allow Israeli Arabs

Arab citizens of Israel

File:Arab population israel 2000 en.pngArab citizens of Israel refers to Arab people or non-Jewish Arabic language-speaking citizens of Israel....
to be members at the time, it had also set up an Arab list, the Popular Arab Bloc

Popular Arab Bloc

The Popular Arab Bloc was an electoral list that contested the Israeli legislative election, 1949. The list was launched by Mapam, just three weeks before the election, in order to mobilize Arab citizens of Israel votes....
, to contest the elections (a tactic also used by Mapai, with whom the Democratic List of Nazareth

Democratic List of Nazareth

The Democratic List of Nazareth was a List of political parties in Israel in Israel and the only Israeli Arab party to win seats in the Israeli legislative election, 1949....
were affiliated). However, the Arab list failed to cross the 1% electoral threshold.

The party's pro-Soviet

Soviet Union

The Union of Soviet Socialist Republics was a Constitution of the Soviet Union socialist state that existed in Eurasia from 1922 to 1991.The name is a translation of the , romanization of Russian Soyuz Sovetskikh Sotsialisticheskikh Respublik, abbreviated ????, SSSR....
views did not endear them to Ben-Gurion, and they were not included in the governing coalition. During the session they gained one seat when Eliezer Preminger joined after leaving Maki

Maki (historical political party)

Maki was a Communist party List of political parties in Israel in Israel. It is not the same party as the modern day Maki , which split from it during the 1960s and later assumed its name....
and then setting up his own party, the Hebrew Communists

Hebrew Communists

The Hebrew Communists were a short-lived List of political parties in Israel in British Mandate of Palestine and Israel....
.

In the 1951 elections

Israeli legislative election, 1951

Elections in Israel for the second Knesset were held in Israel on 30 July, 1951. Voter turnout was 74.3%....
the party dropped to 15 seats and again were not included in the coalition. However, they did become the first Zionist party to have an Israeli Arab, Rostam Bastuni

Rostam Bastuni

Rostam Bastuni was an Israeli politician and journalist, and the first Israeli Arab to represent a Zionism party in the Knesset....
, representing them in the Knesset

Knesset

The Knesset is the legislature of Israel, located in Givat Ram, Jerusalem....
.

From Mapam's point of view, the most important event of the second Knesset were the Prague Trials of 1953, which severely shook the party's faith in the Soviet Union. The show trial

Show trial

The term show trial is a pejorative description of a type of highly public trial. The term was first recorded in the 1930s. There is a strong connotation that the judicial authorities have already determined the guilt of the defendant and that the actual trial has as its only goal to present the accusation and the verdict to the public as an...
s in which mostly Jew

Jew

A Jew is a member of the Jewish people, an ethnoreligious group that traces its ancestry to the Israelites or Hebrews of the Ancient Near East....
ish leaders of the Communist Party of Czechoslovakia

Communist Party of Czechoslovakia

The Communist Party of Czechoslovakia, in Czech and in Slovak: Komunistick? strana Ceskoslovenska was a Communist and Marxist-Leninist political party in Czechoslovakia that existed between 1921 and 1992....
were purged, falsely implicated Mapam's envoy in Prague

Prague

Prague is the Capital and World's largest cities of the Czech Republic. Its official name is Hlavn? mesto Praha, meaning Prague, the Capital City....
, Mordechai Oren, as part of a Zionist conspiracy. After the Prague Trials and later, Nikita Khrushchev

Nikita Khrushchev

Nikita Sergeyevich Khrushchev served as General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union from 1953 to 1964, following the death of Joseph Stalin, and Premier of the Soviet Union from 1958 to 1964....
's Secret Speech at the 20th Party Congress in the Soviet Union, Mapam moved away from some of their more radical left wing positions, and towards social democracy

Social democracy

Social democracy is a political philosophy of the left-wing politics or centre-left that emerged in the late 19th century from the socialism movement and continues to exert influence worldwide....
.

This created a split in the party. Avraham Berman, Rostam Bastuni

Rostam Bastuni

Rostam Bastuni was an Israeli politician and journalist, and the first Israeli Arab to represent a Zionism party in the Knesset....
and Moshe Sneh

Moshe Sneh

Moshe Sneh was an Israeli politician and military figure. One of the founders of Mapam, he later joined the Maki , and was one of the leaders of a more pro-Israeli split in 1965....
left the party and set up the Left Faction

Left Faction

The Left Faction was a short-lived List of political parties in Israel in Israel....
, whilst Hannah Lamdan and David Livschitz created Faction independent of Ahdut HaAvoda

Faction independent of Ahdut HaAvoda

The Faction independent of Ahdut HaAvoda was a short-lived List of political parties in Israel in Israel....
. Although Bastuni later returned to the party, Berman and Sneh eventually joined Maki

Maki (historical political party)

Maki was a Communist party List of political parties in Israel in Israel. It is not the same party as the modern day Maki , which split from it during the 1960s and later assumed its name....
and Lamdan and Livschitz joined Mapai. Four other party members left to recreate Ahdut HaAvoda

Ahdut HaAvoda

Ahdut HaAvoda was a List of political parties in Israel in Israel and is one of the ancestors of the modern-day Israeli Labor Party....
, though the Knesset speaker did not recognise the group as an independent party during the Knesset session. It also displeased the USSR, who described the party as “one of the most reactionary ones among the left socialist parties.”

Although it had been reduced to seven seats by the end of the second Knesset, the party picked up nine seats in the 1955 elections

Israeli legislative election, 1955

File:Elect105Ashdod55.jpgElections in Israel for the third Knesset were held in Israel on 26 July, 1955. Voter turnout was 80.7%....
. Having effectively renounced the Soviet Union, Mapam were now included in Ben Gurion's coalitions for both the seventh and eighth governments. However, they were to blame for Ben- Gurion's resignation and the collapse of the government on 5 July 1959 when they and Ahdut HaAvoda

Ahdut HaAvoda

Ahdut HaAvoda was a List of political parties in Israel in Israel and is one of the ancestors of the modern-day Israeli Labor Party....
voted against the government on the issue of selling arms to West Germany

West Germany

West Germany was the common English name for the Germany , from its formation in May 1949 to German reunification in October 1990, when East Germany was dissolved and its States of Germany became part of the Federal Republic, ending the more than 40-year division of Germany....
but refused to leave the coalition.

In the 1959 elections

Israeli legislative election, 1959

Elections in Israel for the fourth Knesset were held in Israel on 3 November, 1959. Voter turnout was 79.5%....
the party retained its nine seats, and despite their previous differences, were included in Ben-Gurion's coalition.

In the 1961 elections

Israeli legislative election, 1961

Elections in Israel for the fifth Knesset were held in Israel on 15 August 1961. Voter turnout was 79.0%....
they again won nine seats, but this time were not members of the governing coalition.

The 1965 elections

Israeli legislative election, 1965

Elections in Israel for the sixth Knesset were held in Israel on 1 November, 1965. Voter turnout was 80.4%....
saw the party lose a seat, dropping to eight mandates, but enter into the coalition government. In January 1969 the party formed an alliance with the Israeli Labor Party, which was named the Alignment

Alignment (political party)

The Alignment was an alliance of the major left-wing parties in Israel between the 1960s and 1990s. It was established as the Labor Alignment in 1965 as an alliance of Mapai and Ahdut HaAvoda but was dissolved three years later when the two parties and Rafi formally merged into the Israeli Labor Party....
. The Alignment went on to win the highest ever number of seats in the 1969 elections

Israeli legislative election, 1969

Elections in Israel for the seventh Knesset were held in Israel on 28 October, 1969. Voter turnout was 77.8%....
(56 out of 120).

Mapam briefly broke away from the Alignment during the eighth Knesset

Israeli legislative election, 1973

The Elections in Israel for the eighth Knesset were held on 31 December 1973. Voter turnout was 76.9%...
, but returned shortly after. The party then remained part of the Alignment until after the 1984 elections

Israeli legislative election, 1984

Elections in Israel for the eleventh Knesset were held in Israel on 23 July, 1984. Voter turnout was 78.1%....
, when it broke away due to anger over Shimon Peres

Shimon Peres

Order of St Michael and St George is the ninth and current President of Israel. Peres served twice as Prime Minister of Israel and once as Interim Prime Minister, and has been a member of 12 Cabinet of Israel in a political career spanning over 66 years....
's decision to form a national unity government with Likud

Likud

Likud is the major center-right List of political parties in Israel in Israel. It was founded in 1973 by Menachem Begin, largely as the "direct ideological descendant" of the Herut, in an alliance with several other right-wing and liberal parties....
, taking six seats with it (later reduced to five when Muhammed Wattad defected to Hadash

Hadash

Hadash is a far-left List of political parties in Israel in Israel. Hadash defines itself as a 'Jewish-Arab Party'. Most of its voters and leaders are Israeli Arabs....
). However, in the 1988 elections

Israeli legislative election, 1988

Elections in Israel for the twelfth Knesset were held in Israel on 1 November, 1988. Voter turnout was 78.9%....
the party won only three seats.

As a result of their declining support, the party joined with Ratz and Shinui

Shinui

Shinui was a Zionism, secular and Anti-clericalism free market Liberalism worldwide in Israel. The party twice become the third largest in the Knesset, but on both occasions it was followed by a split and collapse; in Israeli legislative election, 1977 the party won 15 seats as part of the Democratic Movement for Change, but the alliance spl...
to form Meretz

Meretz-Yachad

Israeli legislative election, 1992

Elections for the thirteenth Knesset were held in Israel on 23 June, 1992. The result was a victory for the left, led by Yitzhak Rabin's Labor Party , though their win was at least partially due to several small right-wing parties narrowly failing to cross the Election threshold and thus effectively wasting votes for the right....
.

In 1997 the merger into Meretz with Ratz and part of Shinui (most of its membership did not agree with the merger and reformed as an independent party headed by Avraham Poraz

Avraham Poraz

Avraham Poraz is an Israeli lawyer and former politician....
) was formalised and Mapam ceased to exist. Meretz is now known as Meretz-Yachad

Meretz-Yachad

Simha Flapan

Simha Flapan was an Israeli historian and politician, probably best known for his book The Birth of Israel: Myths And Realities, published in the year of his death....
.

Knesset members

Knesset (MKs)	Knesset Members
1st Israeli legislative election, 1949 Elections in Israel for the Constituent Assembly were held in newly-independent Israel on 25 January, 1949. Voter turnout was 85.8%. Two days after its first meeting on 14 February, 1949, legislators voted to change the name of the body to the Knesset .... (19 +1)	Moshe Aram, Menachem Bader, Dov Bar-Nir (replaced by Menachem Ratzon), Yisrael Bar-Yehuda, Yitzhak Ben-Aharon Yitzhak Ben-Aharon Yitzhak Ben-Aharon was a left-wing Israeli politician. He was a Knesset member from the first to the fifth Knessets and in the seventh and eighth, and a former Transportation Minister of Israel and General secretary of the Histadrut.... , Mordechai Bentov Mordechai Bentov Mordechai Bentov was an Israeli journalist and politician, and was one of the signatories of the Declaration of Independence .... , Yisrael Galili Yisrael Galili Yisrael Galili was an Israeli politician and member of Knesset. Before Israel's independence in 1948, he had served as Chief of Staff of the Haganah.... , Yaakov Hazan Yaakov Hazan Yaakov Hazan was an Israeli politician and social activist.... , Fayge Ilanit Fayge Ilanit Fayge Ilanit was a Zionism activist and Israeli politician. She was a granddaughter of Rabbi Shimon Shkop and mother of Israel Defense Forces soldier Uri Ilan.... , Hannah Lamdan, Nahum Nir Nahum Nir Dr Nahum Nir was a Zionism activist, Israeli politician and one of the signatories of the Declaration of Independence . He is the only List of Knesset speakers to date not to have been a member of the ruling party.... , Eliezer Peri, Beryl Raptor, Yaakov Riftin, Hanan Rubin, Moshe Sneh Moshe Sneh Moshe Sneh was an Israeli politician and military figure. One of the founders of Mapam, he later joined the Maki , and was one of the leaders of a more pro-Israeli split in 1965.... , Yitzhak Tabankin (replaced by David Livschitz), Meir Yaari, Aharon Zisling Aharon Zisling Aharon Zisling was an Israeli politician and minister and a signatory of Declaration of Independence .... + Eliezer Preminger (from the Hebrew Communists Hebrew Communists The Hebrew Communists were a short-lived List of political parties in Israel in British Mandate of Palestine and Israel.... )
2nd Israeli legislative election, 1951 Elections in Israel for the second Knesset were held in Israel on 30 July, 1951. Voter turnout was 74.3%.... (15 –8)	Rostam Bastuni Rostam Bastuni Rostam Bastuni was an Israeli politician and journalist, and the first Israeli Arab to represent a Zionism party in the Knesset.... , Mordechai Bentov, Yaakov Hazan, Eliezer Peri, Yaakov Riftin, Hanan Rubin, Meir Yaari – Moshe Aram, Yisrael Bar-Yehuda, Yitzhak Ben-Aharon, Aharon Zisling (to Ahdut HaAvoda Ahdut HaAvoda Ahdut HaAvoda was a List of political parties in Israel in Israel and is one of the ancestors of the modern-day Israeli Labor Party.... ) – Avraham Berman, Moshe Sneh (to the Left Faction Left Faction The Left Faction was a short-lived List of political parties in Israel in Israel.... ) – Hannah Lamdan, David Livschitz (to the Faction independent of Ahdut HaAvoda Faction independent of Ahdut HaAvoda The Faction independent of Ahdut HaAvoda was a short-lived List of political parties in Israel in Israel.... )
3rd Israeli legislative election, 1955 File:Elect105Ashdod55.jpgElections in Israel for the third Knesset were held in Israel on 26 July, 1955. Voter turnout was 80.7%.... (9)	Yisrael Barzilai Yisrael Barzilai Yisrael Barzilai was an Israeli politician who served as a government minister during the 1950s, 1960s and early 1970s.... , Mordechai Bentov, Yaakov Hazan, Yaakov Riftin, Hanan Rubin, Emma Talmi, Meir Yaari, Haim Yehuda, Yitzhak Yitzhaky (replaced by Yussuf Hamis)
4th Israeli legislative election, 1959 Elections in Israel for the fourth Knesset were held in Israel on 3 November, 1959. Voter turnout was 79.5%.... (9)	Yisrael Barzilai, Mordechai Bentov, Yussuf Hamis, Yaakov Hazan, Yaakov Riftin, Hanan Rubin, Emma Talmi, Meir Yaari, Haim Yehuda (replaced by Yosef Kushnir)
5th Israeli legislative election, 1961 Elections in Israel for the fifth Knesset were held in Israel on 15 August 1961. Voter turnout was 79.0%.... (9)	Yisrael Barzilai, Mordechai Bentov, Yussuf Hamis, Yaakov Hazan, Yaakov Riftin, Hanan Rubin (replaced by Yosef Kushnir), Victor Shem-Tov Victor Shem-Tov Victor Shem-Tov is a former Israeli politician who held several ministerial portfolios in the late 1960s and 1970s.... , Emma Talmi, Meir Yaari
6th Israeli legislative election, 1965 Elections in Israel for the sixth Knesset were held in Israel on 1 November, 1965. Voter turnout was 80.4%.... (8)	Reuven Arazi, Yaakov Hazan, Natan Peled Natan Peled Natan Peled was an Israeli politician who served as Immigrant Absorption Minister of Israel from 1970 until 1974.... , Shlomo Rosen Shlomo Rosen Shlomo Rosen was an Israeli politician and minister.Born in Ostrava in Austria-Hungary , Rosen made aliyah to British Mandate of Palestine in 1926.... , Victor Shem-Tov, Emma Talmi, Meir Yaari, Abdul-Aziz Zoabi (all merged into the Alignment)
8th Israeli legislative election, 1973 The Elections in Israel for the eighth Knesset were held on 31 December 1973. Voter turnout was 76.9%... (6)	Yehuda Dranitzki, Aharon Efrat, Haika Grossman, Eliezer Ronen, Meir Talmi, Dov Zakin (all returned to the Alignment)
11th Israeli legislative election, 1984 Elections in Israel for the eleventh Knesset were held in Israel on 23 July, 1984. Voter turnout was 78.1%.... (6 –1)	Elazar Granot Elazar Granot Elazar Granot is an Israeli politician and a writer. He currently resides in Kibbutz Shoval.... , Haika Grossman, Amira Sartani, Victor Shem-Tov (replaced by Gadi Yatziv), Yair Tsaban – Muhammed Wattad (to Hadash Hadash Hadash is a far-left List of political parties in Israel in Israel. Hadash defines itself as a 'Jewish-Arab Party'. Most of its voters and leaders are Israeli Arabs.... )
12th Israeli legislative election, 1988 Elections in Israel for the twelfth Knesset were held in Israel on 1 November, 1988. Voter turnout was 78.9%.... (3)	Hussein Faris, Haim Oron Haim Oron Haim "Jumas" Oron is an Israeli politician and former Agriculture Minister of Israel. He is currently head of the political party New Movement-Meretz, for whom he serves as a member of the Knesset.... , Yair Tsaban (all merged into Meretz Meretz-Yachad The New Movement-Meretz , previously known as Meretz, then Yachad, and then Meretz-Yachad is a left-wing, Zionist, Social democracy List of political parties in Israel in Israel, which emphasizes the Israeli peace camp, human rights, religious freedom and green politics.... )

External links

Knesset website

Mapam

History

Knesset members

See also

External links