Louis Andre Pichon
Encyclopedia
Louis-André Pichon was a French diplomat
, and French ambassador to the United States, particularly during the Louisiana Purchase.
Louis-Andre Pichon was the son of Simeon Pichon, shoemaker, and Jeanne Fortier.
He studied at the College of Oratory and then studied philosophy at the Lycee Louis-le-Grand
in Paris from 1790.
It was originally a French diplomat in Philadelphia from 1793 to 1796, before returning to Paris to make a reconciliation, between the two countries after the Quasi-War
, that led to the Treaty of Mortefontaine.
He was ambassador to France and charge d'affaires in Washington, D.C.
from 1801 to 1804.
He expressed strong criticism, when the U.S. resumed trade relations with the parties in Haiti freed by the black general Jean-Jacques Dessalines
, at the failure of the expedition to Saint-Domingue
.
During the Saint-Domingue expedition
, he struggled to ensure adequate supplies to the military, but quarreled with Charles Leclerc
. The brother of Peter Bauduy, Louis Alexander Amelia Bauduy Bellevue is also a captain in the army of Leclerc, after having fought in 1797, alongside the English against Toussaint Louverture.
France had then secretly acquired Louisiana, and diplomat Robert Livingston negotiated the Louisiana Purchase as a whole, in 1803. On 1 October 1802,
Louis-Andre Pichon wrote to the U.S. government to reassure them, when the Spanish intendant of New Orleans decided to terminate the offloading of U.S. merchants in the port, which was French property, following a secret treaty in 1800.
He was recalled to Paris September 15, 1804, reportedly for failing to thwart the marriage of Jerome Bonaparte
with an American, Elizabeth Patterson
, but also for frankness. He finished his career under Napoleon, as a civil servant in Westphalia
.
He was made a baron, in the Bourbon restoration
.
Diplomat
A diplomat is a person appointed by a state to conduct diplomacy with another state or international organization. The main functions of diplomats revolve around the representation and protection of the interests and nationals of the sending state, as well as the promotion of information and...
, and French ambassador to the United States, particularly during the Louisiana Purchase.
Louis-Andre Pichon was the son of Simeon Pichon, shoemaker, and Jeanne Fortier.
He studied at the College of Oratory and then studied philosophy at the Lycee Louis-le-Grand
Lycée Louis-le-Grand
The Lycée Louis-le-Grand is a public secondary school located in Paris, widely regarded as one of the most rigorous in France. Formerly known as the Collège de Clermont, it was named in king Louis XIV of France's honor after he visited the school and offered his patronage.It offers both a...
in Paris from 1790.
It was originally a French diplomat in Philadelphia from 1793 to 1796, before returning to Paris to make a reconciliation, between the two countries after the Quasi-War
Quasi-War
The Quasi-War was an undeclared war fought mostly at sea between the United States and French Republic from 1798 to 1800. In the United States, the conflict was sometimes also referred to as the Franco-American War, the Pirate Wars, or the Half-War.-Background:The Kingdom of France had been a...
, that led to the Treaty of Mortefontaine.
He was ambassador to France and charge d'affaires in Washington, D.C.
Washington, D.C.
Washington, D.C., formally the District of Columbia and commonly referred to as Washington, "the District", or simply D.C., is the capital of the United States. On July 16, 1790, the United States Congress approved the creation of a permanent national capital as permitted by the U.S. Constitution....
from 1801 to 1804.
He expressed strong criticism, when the U.S. resumed trade relations with the parties in Haiti freed by the black general Jean-Jacques Dessalines
Jean-Jacques Dessalines
Jean-Jacques Dessalines was a leader of the Haitian Revolution and the first ruler of an independent Haiti under the 1801 constitution. Initially regarded as Governor-General, Dessalines later named himself Emperor Jacques I of Haiti...
, at the failure of the expedition to Saint-Domingue
Saint-Domingue
The labour for these plantations was provided by an estimated 790,000 African slaves . Between 1764 and 1771, the average annual importation of slaves varied between 10,000-15,000; by 1786 it was about 28,000, and from 1787 onward, the colony received more than 40,000 slaves a year...
.
During the Saint-Domingue expedition
Saint-Domingue expedition
The Saint-Domingue expedition was a French military expedition sent by Napoleon Bonaparte, then First Consul, under his brother-in-law Charles Victor Emmanuel Leclerc in an attempt to regain French control of the island of Saint-Domingue and curtail the measures of independence taken by the former...
, he struggled to ensure adequate supplies to the military, but quarreled with Charles Leclerc
Charles Leclerc
Charles Victoire Emmanuel Leclerc was a French Army general and husband to Pauline Bonaparte, sister to Napoleon Bonaparte.-To 1801:...
. The brother of Peter Bauduy, Louis Alexander Amelia Bauduy Bellevue is also a captain in the army of Leclerc, after having fought in 1797, alongside the English against Toussaint Louverture.
France had then secretly acquired Louisiana, and diplomat Robert Livingston negotiated the Louisiana Purchase as a whole, in 1803. On 1 October 1802,
Louis-Andre Pichon wrote to the U.S. government to reassure them, when the Spanish intendant of New Orleans decided to terminate the offloading of U.S. merchants in the port, which was French property, following a secret treaty in 1800.
He was recalled to Paris September 15, 1804, reportedly for failing to thwart the marriage of Jerome Bonaparte
Jérôme Bonaparte
Jérôme-Napoléon Bonaparte, French Prince, King of Westphalia, 1st Prince of Montfort was the youngest brother of Napoleon, who made him king of Westphalia...
with an American, Elizabeth Patterson
Elizabeth Patterson Bonaparte
Elizabeth Patterson Bonaparte , known as "Betsy", was the daughter of a Baltimore, Maryland merchant, and was the first wife of Jérôme Bonaparte, and sister-in-law of Emperor Napoleon I of France.-Ancestry:Elizabeth's father, William Patterson, had been born in Ireland and came to North America...
, but also for frankness. He finished his career under Napoleon, as a civil servant in Westphalia
Westphalia
Westphalia is a region in Germany, centred on the cities of Arnsberg, Bielefeld, Dortmund, Minden and Münster.Westphalia is roughly the region between the rivers Rhine and Weser, located north and south of the Ruhr River. No exact definition of borders can be given, because the name "Westphalia"...
.
He was made a baron, in the Bourbon restoration
Bourbon Restoration
The Bourbon Restoration is the name given to the period following the successive events of the French Revolution , the end of the First Republic , and then the forcible end of the First French Empire under Napoleon – when a coalition of European powers restored by arms the monarchy to the...
.